Intracellular fixation buffer inactivates Newcastle disease virus in chicken allantoic fluid, macrophages and splenocytes

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Valerie Marcano ◽  
Stivalis Cardenas-Garcia ◽  
Robert M. Gogal ◽  
Claudio L. Afonso
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Allantoic Fluid

scholarly journals Development and pre-clinical evaluation of Newcastle disease virus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 intranasal vaccine candidate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manolo Fernandez Díaz ◽  
Katherine Calderon ◽  
Aldo Rojas-Neyra ◽  
Vikram N. Vakharia ◽  
Ricardo Choque-Guevara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Hamster Model ◽  
Golden Syrian Hamster ◽  
Oncological Treatment

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has claimed the lives of millions of people worldwide and threatens to become an endemic problem, therefore the need for as many types of vaccines as possible is of high importance.Because of the millions of doses required, it is desirable that vaccines are not only safe and effective, but also easy to administer, store, and inexpensive to produce.Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) is responsible for a respiratory disease in chickens. It has no pathogenic homologue in humans. NDV is recognized as an oncolytic virus, and its use in humans for oncological treatment is being evaluated.In the present work, we have developed two types of NDV-vectored candidate vaccines, which carry the surface-exposed RBD and S1 antigens of SARS-CoV-2, respectively. These vaccine candidates were produced in specific-pathogen-free embryonating chicken eggs, and purified from allantoic fluid before lyophilization. These vaccines were administered intranasally to three different animal models: mice, rats and hamsters, and evaluated for safety, toxicity, immunogenicity, stability and efficacy. Efficacy was evaluated in a challenge assay against active SARS-CoV-2 virus in the Golden Syrian hamster model.The NDV-vectored vaccine based on the S1 antigen was shown to be safe and highly immunogenic, with the ability to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro, even with an extreme dilution of 1/640. Our results reveal that this vaccine candidate protects the lungs of the animals, preventing cellular damage in this tissue. In addition, this vaccine reduces the viral load in the lungs, suggesting that it may significantly reduce the likelihood of transmission. Being lyophilized, this vaccine candidate is very stable and can be stored for several months at 4-8⁰C.In conclusion, our NDV-based vaccine candidate has shown a very favorable performance in the pre-clinical study, serving as evidence for a future evaluation in a Phase-I human clinical trial. This candidate represents a promising tool in the fight against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Detection of Newcastle disease virus of poultry by real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
LR Barman ◽  
EH Chowdhury ◽  
MR Islam
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A real-time reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) was used for the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) of poultry. A panel of seven known isolates of NDV in the form of allantoic fluid, obtained from a laboratory repository, was used for the development of the test. RNA was extracted from the allantoic fluid with a magnetic processor based automated RNA extraction system. The identity of the reference virus was first reconfirmed by a conventional RT-PCR specific for the Fusion (F) protein gene. Using these RNA, the rRT-PCR protocol was optimized with regard to the reaction mix and thermal profile using published primers and probes specific for M gene. The sensitivity of standardized rRT-PCR was compared to that of the conventional RT-PCR using serial 10-fold dilutions of the RNA of a selected sample. The thermal profile was modified from the published one; the annealing and extension steps were combined to a single step performed at 60ºC. The adopted rRT-PCR successfully amplified M gene from all the seven reference samples with a CT value ranging from 15.28 to 32.68. The rRT-PCR for M gene was 100-fold more sensitive than the conventional RT-PCR for F gene. This is the first report of the use of rRT-PCR for the detection of NDV in Bangladesh. This test will be useful for virological surveillance, particularly for screening NDV in respiratory infections.Bangl. vet. 2016. Vol. 33, No. 1, 16-22

scholarly journals Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus in Broiler Flocks with Respiratory symptoms in some Provinces of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foroogh Makki ◽  
Zahra Boroomand ◽  
Mansour Mayahi ◽  
Masoud Reza Seyfi Abad Shapouri
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Protein Cleavage ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
East Azerbaijan ◽  
Genotype Ii

Abstract Background: Newcastle disease, is one of the most important diseases of the poultry industry, has many economic losses. The aim of this study was to isolate and determine the molecular identity of Newcastle disease virus in 40 broiler flocks with respiratory symptoms in four provinces of Iran.Methods and Results: Samples of farms with respiratory symptoms were collected from different regions of Isfahan, East Azerbaijan, Golestan, and Khuzestan provinces and inoculated into 9-day-old embryonated chicken eggs. The Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the Newcastle disease virus on allantoic fluid. Of the 40 flocks, the virus was isolated and identified in 16 flocks. The PCR products of 16 isolates were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was drawn. Accordingly, six isolates were in genotype II and ten isolates were in subgenotype VIId of class II. Conclusion: Both genotypes were present in all four provinces. The isolates of Khuzestan province showed the greatest diversity compared to the other three provinces. The similarity of isolates belonging to genotype II in this study was observed with Pakistan, China, and Nigeria and other isolates were similar to previous isolates in Iran. Also, the highest amino acid sequence in the F-protein cleavage site was 112RRQKR/F117 for VIId genotype isolates and 112GRQGR/L117 for II genotype isolates.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS

1948 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. B. Bang
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Virus Multiplication ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Present Evidence

The virus of Newcastle disease of chickens resembles those of the encephalitis group in its ability to spread throughout the developing egg and embryo, but it is similar to influenza virus in the high concentration of it found in the allantoic fluid before death. No effect of the size of the inoculum on the final titer of virus in the allantoic fluid was detected. Good growth occurred at temperatures from 35° to 41°C., apparently more rapid at 40°C. than at 35°C. No appreciable development of virus capable of agglutinating red cells but of low embryo infectivity was found. Although virus multiplication was not immediately perceptible after inoculation, this cannot on present evidence be attributed to a real lag phase.

scholarly journals A sensitive haemadsorption technique based RT-PCR for concentration and detection of Newcastle disease virus from clinical samples and allantoic fluid

VirusDisease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-323
Author(s):  
Perumal Arumugam Desingu ◽  
Shambhu Dayal Singh ◽  
Kuldeep Dhama ◽  
Obli Rajendran Vinodhkumar ◽  
Yashpal Singh Malik
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Rt Pcr

scholarly journals Growth in chick chorioallantoic membranes of strains of Newcastle disease virus of differing virulence

1970 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Reeve ◽  
Margaret Rosenblum ◽  
D. J. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Membrane Cell

SummaryThe growth of eight strains of Newcastle disease virus in chick embryo chorioallantoic membranes was studied by comparing, at different times after infection, the amounts of haemagglutinin released into the allantoic fluid (extracellular haemagglutinin) with that associated with the membrane (cell-associated haemagglutinin). The virulence of the strains examined differed in that some killed chick embryos more rapidly than others. All strains released similar amounts of extracellular haemagglutinin and maximum titres were achieved about 12 hr. after infection. With virulent strains cell-associated haemagglutinin titres increased exponentially until the death of the host and maximum titres were much higher than those of extracellular haemagglutinin. With avirulent strains cell-associated haemagglutinin titres increased exponentially for only a limited time and titres were always lower than the titres of extracellular haemagglutinin.Similar results were obtained when the titres of neuraminidase and viral ribonucleoprotein were measured during the growth of two virulent and two avirulent strains. Virulence appears to be associated with the continued intracellular accumulation of viral antigens.

Action of Newcastle Disease Virus on Human Blood Platelets

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 430-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Cohen ◽  
E Kaminsky ◽  
H Joshua ◽  
Ch Klibansky ◽  
A Kohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Clot Retraction ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Human Blood Platelets

SummaryNewcastle Disease Virus induces a viscous metamorphosis like process in washed platelets.This virus liberates from platelets lactic dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase, depletes their ATP content and impairs their ability to concentrate 5-hydroxy-tryptamine.Since Newcastle Disease Virus has adenosine triphosphatase activity, a possible role of this viral enzyme in the production of viscous metamorphosis and in inhibition of clot retraction is discussed.Treatment of platelets by Newcastle Disease Virus or by particulate fraction from normal allantoic fluid causes liberation of a platelet factor 3-like substance.

STUDIES ON IN VITRO ANTIBODY PRODUCTION: II. THE EFFECT OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS ON ANTIBODY SYNTHESIS

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Medzon ◽  
S. I. Vas
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Allantoic Fluid ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Antibody Synthesis ◽  
Insoluble Protein Fraction

Antibody production by spleen cells in vitro permits the study of a unique property of cells, the synthesis of a specific, quantitatively detectable protein. Under certain conditions allantoic fluid containing Newcastle disease virus (NDV), as well as centrifugally purified NDV, when added to a suspension culture of spleen cells from previously immunized rabbits, produced detectable changes in the amount of radioactively labelled antibody produced. NDV also inhibited glycine-C14 incorporation into the TCA-insoluble protein fraction of spleen cells.This inhibition was parallel to the loss of cell viability. No detectable increase of infectious virus or haemagglutination titer was noted. It is suggested that the inhibitions shown were due to the cytotoxic effect of the virus, which appeared to require the infectious virus particle.

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