scholarly journals Beyond the park and city dichotomy: Land use and land cover change in the northern coast of São Paulo (Brazil)

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 352-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Pierri Daunt ◽  
Thiago Sanna Freire Silva
Author(s):  
J. C. Oliveira ◽  
R. A. C. Lamparelli ◽  
G. K. D. A. Figueiredo ◽  
E. E. Campbell ◽  
J. R. Soares ◽  
...  

Abstract. Pastures are complex land covers with a variety of land use systems. This land cover occupies large areas in the globe and is mainly used for livestock production. Brazil is one of the largest livestock producers and has extensive pasture areas. We analyzed the pasture land cover change of the São Paulo State between the years 2000 to 2015. São Paulo was chosen as study case due to its large industrial and agricultural importance and its expressive land cover changes over past decades. It was analyzed land covers databases generated by the Brazilian Annual Land Use and Land Cover Mapping Project (MapBiomas Project) – Collection 4. Transition matrix was generated to analyze the land cover change during the period. Gain, loss, total change, net change and swap were calculated in terms of area. Total pasture area decreased but continues the largest land cover of the São Paulo State; with 79.5% of persistence in the area. Main changes were from losses of pastures and gains in agriculture. Most of the changes to pasture came from other non vegetated areas and grassland categories. These results demonstrated the relevance of pastures areas in land cover change dynamics to address land use policy and plan future land use scenarios.


Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongsheng Zhang ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Yuhan Zhang ◽  
Yiru Dai ◽  
Jiangjie Jia ◽  
...  

Short-term characteristics of urban land cover change have been observed and reported from satellite images, although urban landscapes are mainly influenced by anthropogenic factors. These short-term changes in urban areas are caused by rapid urbanization, seasonal climate changes, and phenological ecological changes. Quantifying and understanding these short-term characteristics of changes in various land cover types is important for numerous urban studies, such as urbanization assessments and management. Many previous studies mainly investigated one study area with insufficient datasets. To more reliably and confidently investigate temporal variation patterns, this study employed Fourier series to quantify the seasonal changes in different urban land cover types using all available Landsat images over four different cities, Melbourne, Sao Paulo, Hamburg, and Chicago, within a five-year period (2011–2015). The overall accuracy was greater than 86% and the kappa coefficient was greater than 0.80. The R-squared value was greater than 0.80 and the root mean square error was less than 7.2% for each city. The results indicated that (1) the changing periods for water classes were generally from half a year to one and a half years in different areas; and, (2) urban impervious surfaces changed over periods of approximately 700 days in Melbourne, Sao Paulo, and Hamburg, and a period of approximately 215 days in Chicago, which was actually caused by the unavoidable misclassification from confusions between various land cover types using satellite data. Finally, the uncertainties of these quantification results were analyzed and discussed. These short-term characteristics provided important information for the monitoring and assessment of urban areas using satellite remote sensing technology.


2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
RB. Prado ◽  
EMLM. Novo

In this study multi-criteria modeling tools are applied to map the spatial distribution of drainage basin potential to pollute Barra Bonita Reservoir, São Paulo State, Brasil. Barra Bonita Reservoir Basin had undergone intense land use/land cover changes in the last decades, including the fast conversion from pasture into sugarcane. In this respect, this study answers to the lack of information about the variables (criteria) which affect the pollution potential of the drainage basin by building a Geographic Information System which provides their spatial distribution at sub-basin level. The GIS was fed by several data (geomorphology, pedology, geology, drainage network and rainfall) provided by public agencies. Landsat satellite images provided land use/land cover map for 2002. Ratings and weights of each criterion defined by specialists supported the modeling process. The results showed a wide variability in the pollution potential of different sub-basins according to the application of different criterion. If only land use is analyzed, for instance, less than 50% of the basin is classified as highly threatening to water quality and include sub basins located near the reservoir, indicating the importance of protection areas at the margins. Despite the subjectivity involved in the weighing processes, the multi-criteria analysis model allowed the simulation of scenarios which support rational land use polices at sub-basin level regarding the protection of water resources.


Author(s):  
J. de C. Oliveira ◽  
R. A. C. Lamparelli ◽  
G. K. D. A. Figueiredo ◽  
E. E. Campbell ◽  
J. R. Soares ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 03-29
Author(s):  
Rodrigo José Pisani ◽  
Julio Cesar Demarchi ◽  
Paulina Setti Riedel

Existem várias abordagens metodológicas com o intuito de modelar as mudanças do uso e cobertura da terra de determinada região, dentre as quais se destacam aquelas que relacionam essas mudanças a diversas variáveis da paisagem de maneira integrada como as rochas, os solos, o relevo, a drenagem, entre outros. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo elaborar uma modelagem espacial dinâmica para o monitoramento e predição das mudanças de uso e cobertura da terra na sub-bacia do rio Capivara, município de Botucatu - SP, Brasil, utilizando imagens de satélite (Landsat 5 TM), cartas topográficas, os programas ENVI 4.7, ArcGIS 10, Spring 5.1 e a plataforma do Dinamica EGO. Primeiramente foram elaborados os mapas de uso e cobertura da terra para os anos de 1988, 1997 e 2007. Posteriormente, o modelo do Dinamica EGO foi calibrado a partir do método de Pesos de Evidência a partir da análise e comparação dos mapas reais e simulados, e validado pelo método de decaimento exponencial a partir do índice de similaridade fuzzy. Com isso foi simulado um cenário de uso e cobertura da terra da área estudada para o ano de 2017. Os resultados mostraram, a partir dos métodos usados, por exemplo, regiões de decréscimo nas áreas de pastagem, que deram lugar à classe silvicultura até 2007, a qual tende a ultrapassar em área a classe de mata nativa no cenário de 2017. Conclui-se que o modelo Dinamica EGO pode auxiliar fortemente no monitoramento das mudanças do uso e cobertura da terra no contexto da sub-bacia. Além disso, a metodologia proposta pode ser utilizada para a construção de cenários probabilísticos e, com isso, predizer diagnósticos e estratégias no planejamento do uso da terra. Palavras-chave: Pesos de Evidência; autômatos celulares; similaridade fuzzy.   PROSPECTIVE SCENARIO OF LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGE AT RIO CAPIVARA WATERSHED, MUNICIPALITY OF BOTUCATU, SÃO PAULO STATE, THROUGH DYNAMIC SPATIAL MODELING Abstract There are several modeling approaches to model land use and land cover changes of a given region, which can, for example, analyze and evaluate several landscape variables based on integrated approaches (i.e. lithology, soil, relief and drainage). The aim of this research was to test the applicability of the Dinamica EGO model for simulating and evaluating scenarios of land use and land cover changes in Capivara river watershed, municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil. Using satellite images (Landsat 5 TM), topographic maps and the softwares ENVI 4.7, ArcGIS 10, Spring 5.1 and Dinamica EGO platform. Firstly, land use and land cover maps for the years 1988, 1997 and 2007 were produced. Secondly, the Dinamica EGO model was calibrated by the analysis and comparing the real and simulated maps, so it was validated by the use of exponential decay method by means of fuzzy similarity index. Finally, using the validated model, a scenario for this watershed for the year 2017 was built. Results showed, from used method, for example, a decrease in grasslands areas and its substitution by reforestation until 2007, that tends to overtake native forest class in the simulated map of 2017. As a conclusion, the Dinamica EGO model can strongly aid in the monitoring of land use and land cover change in the context of watershed. In addition, the proposed methodology can be used to build probabilistic scenarios and, consequently, predict diagnoses and strategies for land use planning. Key words: Weights of Evidence; cellular automata; fuzzy similarity.   SIMULACIÓN DE ESCENARIO PROSPECTIVO DE CAMBIO DEL USO Y COBERTURA DE LA TIERRA EN LA SUB-CUENCA DEL RÍO CAPIVARA, BOTUCATU-SP, POR MODELAJE ESPACIAL DINAMICA Resumen Varios abordajes metodológicos tienen el intento de modelar los cambios en el uso y cobertura de la tierra de una región y entre ellos se destacan los que relacionan estos cambios a diversas variables del paisaje de una manera integrada, como las rocas, los suelos, el relieve, el drenaje, entre otros. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo elaborar un modelaje espacial dinámico para el monitoreo y la predicción de los cambios de uso y cobertura de la tierra en la subcuenca del río Capivara, ciudad de Botucatu – SP, Brasil, utilizando imágenes satelitales (Landsat 5 TM), cartas topográficas, los programas ENVI 4.7, ArcGIS 10, Spring 5.1 y la plataforma Dinamica EGO. En primer lugar, se produjeron los mapas de uso y cobertura de la tierra de los años 1988, 1997 y 2007. Enseguida, se calibró el modelo Dinamica EGO a partir del análisis e comparación entre los mapas reales y simulados, y se lo validó por el método de decaimiento exponencial a partir del índice de similitud fuzzy. Por último, se generó un escenario de uso y cobertura de la tierra del área de estudio para el año 2017. A partir de los métodos usados, los resultados mostraron, por ejemplo, regiones de disminución de las áreas de pastos, que fueron reemplazadas por la silvicultura en 2017, categoría que tiende a superar en área las forestas nativas en el escenario de 2017. Se concluye con este estudio que el modelo Dinamica EGO puede ser de gran ayuda en el monitoreo de los cambios en el uso y cobertura de la tierra en el contexto de subcuenca. Además, se puede utilizar la metodología propuesta para la construcción de escenarios probabilísticos y, a partir de ellos, predecir diagnósticos y estrategias para la planificación del uso de la tierra. Palavras clave: Pesos de Evidencia; autómatas celulares; similitud fuzzy.


Author(s):  
José Quintanilha ◽  
Cláudia Soares Machado ◽  
Mariana Giannotti ◽  
Luiz Manfré ◽  
Rodrigo Nóbrega

2021 ◽  
pp. 118760
Author(s):  
Rizzieri Pedruzzi ◽  
Willian Lemker Andreão ◽  
Bok Haeng Baek ◽  
Anderson Paulo Hudke ◽  
Timothy William Glotfelty ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-50
Author(s):  
Demerval Gonçalves ◽  
Wilson Cabral Sousa Júnior ◽  
Luciana de Resende Londe ◽  
Marcos Pellegrini Coutinho ◽  
Walter Manoel Mendes Filho

The São Paulo Macro Metropolis (MMP) is a geographical arrangement that brings together the most significant Brazilian socioeconomic figures and faces numerous challenges, such as heavy pressure on natural resources. Through compilation, spatialization and cross-referencing of data, this work assessed time series of land use and land cover of the last decades, the water supply status in an urban environment and climate data projection for MMP. Municipalities with different profiles were identified: those with positive final balances and those with negative final balances about the maintenance of their natural areas. Furthermore, more than half of the municipalities of the MMP have low water supply assurance, which can be aggravated due to climate change, as predicted in several climate models. The characterization of municipalities based on this information allowed identifying which of them are the most vulnerable, and these results indicate paths for coordinated actions at local and regional levels to increase water resilience in the macro-region.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2853
Author(s):  
Sheena Philogene ◽  
Wenge Ni-Meister

This study investigated the land use and land cover changes in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, for the period of 2002 through 2017, to determine if forested areas were burned or converted to other land uses, to analyze the use of fire as a catalyst and mechanism for land cover change, and to determine if there was a relationship between land use changes and gross domestic product (GDP). MapBiomas classifications and MODIS data were analyzed using the Google Earth Engine. The results of the analysis found that there were minimal changes in the forested areas in São Paulo during the study period; however, there was a 5% increase in natural forest and a 75% increase in planted forest cover. On the other hand, there was a 128% increase in sugarcane, and nearly a 50% decrease in pasture land coverage, suggesting that land was converted from pasture to more profitable agricultural land. Finally, there was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.96) between the increase in sugarcane and the GDP, and a negative correlation between the frequency of fire events and economic production (r = −0.62). Overall, there was a decline in fire events in São Paulo, with fire events occurring in less than 2% of the total observed land area by 2017. This overall declining trend in fire events are likely the direct result of increases in green harvest methods, which prevent the need for pre-harvest burning.


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