Antinociception, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms induced by 7-hydroxymitragynine, an alkaloid from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa

Life Sciences ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenjiro Matsumoto ◽  
Syunji Horie ◽  
Hiromitsu Takayama ◽  
Hayato Ishikawa ◽  
Norio Aimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa

Substance Use Disorder Related to Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Use in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshan Singh ◽  
Mohammad F.I.L. Abdullah ◽  
Balasingam K. Vicknasingam ◽  
Christian P. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Dependence Scale ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Almost All

Background: Kratom is a traditional medicinal herb with mild addictive properties. Nevertheless, current available data on substance use disorder related to kratom use is scarce. This study aims to clinically evaluate and identify factors that are associated with kratom use disorder among regular kratom tea/juice users in traditional settings in Malaysia. </P><P> Method: 150 regular kratom users were recruited through convenient sampling for this crosssectional study. They were interviewed with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) to diagnose substance use disorder related to kratom use, while the Ketum Dependence Scale (KDS) and Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) were administered to evaluate kratom dependence and withdrawal severity. Results: All subjects were males with the majority being Malays (99%, n=148/150). More than half were single (n=84/150), had secondary education (91%, n=136/150), and were employed (93%, n=139/150). Almost all (99%) fulfilled the criteria for substance use disorder related to kratom use, 95% reported withdrawal symptoms on abstinence, 87% reported tolerance, and 93% craving for kratom. Results from Chi-square analysis indicated that higher quantity (>3 glasses) of daily kratom tea/juice consumption was significantly associated with severe kratom dependence (OR: 2.1: 1.0-4.5: p<.041) and moderate withdrawal (OR: 3.1: 1.5-6.3: p<.002). Similarly, those who consumed >3 glasses of brewed kratom tea daily had higher odds of reporting longer kratom use history (>7 years) (OR: 4.4: 2.2-8.8: p<.001) and higher frequency of daily kratom use (>5 times) (p<.001), compared to those who consumed less than three glasses of kratom daily. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that regular and chronic (>3 glasses daily) kratom tea/juice consumption was associated with kratom use disorder, severe kratom dependence and moderate withdrawal.

Effects of an alkaloid-rich extract from Mitragyna speciosa leaves and fluoxetine on sleep profiles, EEG spectral frequency and ethanol withdrawal symptoms in rats

Phytomedicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1000-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dania Cheaha ◽  
Niwat Keawpradub ◽  
Kitja Sawangjaroen ◽  
Pimpimol Phukpattaranont ◽  
Ekkasit Kumarnsit
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Spectral Frequency

Indole Alkaloids of a Thai Medicinal Herb,Mitragyna speciosa,that has Opioid Agonistic Effect in Guinea-Pig Ileum

Planta Medica ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syunji Horie ◽  
Fumi Koyama ◽  
Hiromitsu Takayama ◽  
Hayato Ishikawa ◽  
Norio Aimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Agonistic Effect

Effects of alkaloid-rich extract from Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal symptoms and local field potential in the nucleus accumbens of mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dania Cheaha ◽  
Chayaporn Reakkamnuan ◽  
Jakkrit Nukitram ◽  
Somsmorn Chittrakarn ◽  
Pimpimol Phukpattaranont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Morphine Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa

Effect of Mitragyna speciosa aqueous extract on ethanol withdrawal symptoms in mice

Fitoterapia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekkasit Kumarnsit ◽  
Niwat Keawpradub ◽  
Watcharin Nuankaew
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanol Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) dependence, withdrawal symptoms and craving in regular users

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshan Singh ◽  
Christian P. Müller ◽  
Balasingam K. Vicknasingam
Keyword(s):  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa

Antinociceptive effect of 7-hydroxymitragynine in mice: Discovery of an orally active opioid analgesic from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa

Life Sciences ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (17) ◽  
pp. 2143-2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenjiro Matsumoto ◽  
Syunji Horie ◽  
Hayato Ishikawa ◽  
Hiromitsu Takayama ◽  
Norio Aimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Orally Active

Severity of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) Psychological Withdrawal Symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshan Singh ◽  
Suresh Narayanan ◽  
Christian P. Müller ◽  
Marc, T. Swogger ◽  
Azlan Abdul Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa

Effects of Medicinal Herb Tea on the Smoking Cessation and Reducing Smoking Withdrawal Symptoms

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Jae Lee ◽  
Jae-Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
Smoking Withdrawal

Medicinal herbs (21 species) were screened for the antioxidant activity and nicotine degradation activity (NDA) in vitro. Eleven of them with higher antioxidant activity and NDA were selected for preparation of the medicinal herb tea (MHT) and the effects of MHT on smoking cessation and reducing smoking withdrawal symptoms were evaluated in 100 male human smokers. Among these medicinal herbs, Eugenia aromaticum and Astragalus membranaceus Bunge showed the highest antioxidant activity ( IC 50 of 30.0 μg/mL) and NDA (1.81), respectively. MHT showed relatively high antioxidant activity ( IC 50 of 50.6 μg/mL) and NDA (1.23). The urinary cotinine level, a metabolite of nicotine, increased in the first 2 weeks and greatly decreased from the 2nd to 4th week in the MHT taking group, which indicates that MHT accelerates the conversion of nicotine into cotinine. Human groups taking MHT for 4 weeks underwent reduced smoking withdrawal symptoms compared to the non-MHT taking subjects, and 38% of subjects taking MHT succeeded in smoking cessation, while only 12% of non-MHT taking subjects succeeded in quitting smoking.

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