Density-related pattern of variation in body growth, body size and annual productivity in the common hamster

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Petrová ◽  
Martina Petriláková ◽  
Jan Losík ◽  
Ana Gouveia ◽  
Ira E.D. Damugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Common Hamster ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pattern Of Variation ◽  
Related Pattern

Allometry and Paleoecology of Medial Miocene Dwarf Rhinoceroses from the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain

Paleobiology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Prothero ◽  
Paul C. Sereno
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
Canine Tooth ◽  
Positive Allometry ◽  
Mammalian Faunas ◽  
The Common ◽  
Limb Proportions

Barstovian (medial Miocene) mammalian faunas from the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain contained four apparently sympatric species of rhinoceroses: the common forms Aphelops megalodus and Teleoceras medicornutus, a dwarf Teleoceras, and a dwarf Peraceras. Previous work has suggested positive allometry in tooth area with respect to body size in several groups of mammals, i.e., larger mammals have relatively more tooth area. However, dwarfing lineages were shown to have relatively more tooth area for their body size. Our data show no significant allometry in post-canine tooth area of either artiodactyls or ceratomorphs. Similarly, dwarf rhinoceroses and hippopotami show no more tooth area than would be predicted for their size. Limbs are proportionately longer and more robust in larger living ceratomorphs (rhinos and tapirs) than predicted by previous authors. Limb proportions of both dwarf rhinoceroses and dwarf hippopotami are even more robust than in their living relatives.The high rhinoceros diversity reflects the overall high diversity of Barstovian faunas from the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain. The first appearance of several High Plains mammals in these faunas indicates “ecotone”-like conditions as faunal composition changed. Study of living continental dwarfs shows that there is commonly an ecological separation between browsing forest dwarfs and their larger forebears, which are frequently savannah grazers. This suggests that the dwarf rhinoceroses might have been forest browsers which were sympatric with the larger grazing rhinos of the High Plains during the Barstovian invasion. The continental dwarf model also suggests that insular dwarfism may be explained by the browsing food resources that predominate on islands.

The Common Hamster (Cricetus cricetus [L.]); a Review

EPPO Bulletin ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nechay ◽  
M. Hamar ◽  
I. Grulich
Keyword(s):  
Cricetus Cricetus ◽  
Common Hamster ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Brood Sex Ratios are Related to Male Size but not to Attractiveness in Common Yellowthroats (Geothlypis Trichas)

The Auk ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsy Abroe ◽  
Julia C. Garvin ◽  
Marc C. Pedersen ◽  
Linda A. Whittingham ◽  
Peter O. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Male Size ◽  
Common Yellowthroat ◽  
Geothlypis Trichas ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fitness Benefits ◽  
Male Ornament

Abstract When the reproductive value of sons differs from that of daughters, selection will favor broods biased toward the sex that can provide greater fitness benefits. In species where female choice is based on male ornamentation, females mated to highly ornamented males may experience a reproductive advantage by skewing the brood sex ratio toward sons. In the Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas), males with larger black facial masks are more likely to gain a social mate and sire extrapair young and, as a result, have increased seasonal reproductive success. Females mated to larger-masked males could benefit if they produced more sons. Given that larger- masked males are preferred as extrapair sires, females may also benefit by producing more extrapair sons. We tested these hypotheses during a five-year study of Common Yellowthroats in Wisconsin. Contrary to our predictions, females did not produce more sons when mated to males with larger masks, and extrapair young were not more likely to be male. However, sons were more likely to be sired by males with longer tarsi, which suggests that females may respond to male body size rather than to male ornament size. El Cociente de Sexos en las Nidadas Está Relacionado con el Tamaño de los Machos pero no con el Atractivo en Geothlypis trichas

An Unintentional Experiment: Settlement of a Sinurbic Species, the Common Hamster (Cricetus cricetus L., 1758), in a Newly Established City Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Feoktistova ◽  
I. G. Meschersky ◽  
P. L. Bogomolov ◽  
S. I. Meschersky ◽  
E. A. Katzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cricetus Cricetus ◽  
Common Hamster ◽  
The Common ◽  
City Park

Clinal Variation in the Common Brown Butterfly Heteronympha merope merope (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae)

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Pearse ◽  
ND Murray
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Random Processes ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
The Common ◽  
Interpopulation Variation ◽  
Pattern Of Variation ◽  
East West

Analyses of variation in seven wing pattern characters in H. merope merope females, from 22 sites throughout the range of the subspecies, show that the variation generally has a substantial genetic component. All characters exhibit significant interpopulation variation and one character (S) shows an obvious clinal pattern in a north-south direction. Variation in the total wing phenotype was examined by a multivariate principal component analysis. The first two principal components identified also show a clinal pattern: a north-south cline in component 1 and an east-west cline in component 2. Variation in component 1 is significantly associated with winter humidity and that in the second with yearly rainfall. Because the components cannot be identified simply as size, shape or colour vectors the possible adaptive significance of the results is not clear, although there is some indirect evidence that the pattern of variation is due to natural selection rather than random processes.

scholarly journals Evolutionary conservation and modulation of a juvenile growth-regulating genetic program

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Delaney ◽  
Vasantha Padmanabhan ◽  
Geoffrey Rezvani ◽  
Weiping Chen ◽  
Patricia Forcinito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Genetic Program ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Striking Similarity ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Multiple Organs

Body size varies enormously among mammalian species. In small mammals, body growth is typically suppressed rapidly, within weeks, whereas in large mammals, growth is suppressed slowly, over years, allowing for a greater adult size. We recently reported evidence that body growth suppression in rodents is caused in part by a juvenile genetic program that occurs in multiple tissues simultaneously and involves the downregulation of a large set of growth-promoting genes. We hypothesized that this genetic program is conserved in large mammals but that its time course is evolutionarily modulated such that it plays out more slowly, allowing for more prolonged growth. Consistent with this hypothesis, using expression microarray analysis, we identified a set of genes that are downregulated with age in both juvenile sheep kidney and lung. This overlapping gene set was enriched for genes involved in cell proliferation and growth and showed striking similarity to a set of genes downregulated with age in multiple organs of the juvenile mouse and rat, indicating that the multiorgan juvenile genetic program previously described in rodents has been conserved in the 80 million years since sheep and rodents diverged in evolution. Using microarray and real-time PCR, we found that the pace of this program was most rapid in mice, more gradual in rats, and most gradual in sheep. These findings support the hypothesis that a growth-regulating genetic program is conserved among mammalian species but that its pace is modulated to allow more prolonged growth and therefore greater adult body size in larger mammals.

Post-embryonic growth of longidorid nematodes

Nematology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 883-889
Author(s):  
Brian Boag ◽  
Gregor Yeates
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Plant Parasitism ◽  
Embryonic Growth ◽  
Consistent Increase ◽  
Juvenile Stages

AbstractTo investigate changes in body size of Longidoridae during growth, we used published dimensions of stages to calculate volumes of the juvenile and adult stages of 33 species. A consistent increase in body volume between the juvenile stages was found with proportionally more growth occurring between the smaller stages. In species where three, rather than four, juvenile stages are present, the ultimate size of adults was correspondingly smaller. In the Heteroderidae, greatest growth occurs in later stages and this indicates different adaptations to plant parasitism. Analysis of further groups of free-living and parasitic nematodes is required to increase understanding of body growth and life histories, both within and between families.

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