A comparison between manganese nodules and cobalt crust economics in a scenario of mutual exclusivity

Marine Policy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 790-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Martino ◽  
Lindsay M. Parson
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Exclusivity ◽  
Manganese Nodules ◽  
Cobalt Crust

Differentiating scalar implicature from exclusion inferences in language acquisition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess Sullivan ◽  
Kathryn Davidson ◽  
Shirlene Wade ◽  
David Barner
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Scalar Implicature ◽  
Scalar Implicatures ◽  
Mutual Exclusivity ◽  
Logical Semantics

When acquiring language, children must not only learn the meanings of words, but also how to interpret them in context. For example, children must learn both the logical semantics of the scalar quantifier some and its pragmatically enriched meaning: ‘some but not all’. Some studies have shown that this “scalar implicature” that some implies ‘some but not all’ poses a challenge even to nine-year-olds, while others find success by age three. We asked whether reports of children’s early successes might be due to the computation of exclusion inferences (like contrast or mutual exclusivity) rather than an ability to compute scalar implicatures. We found that young children (N=214; ages 4;0-7;11) sometimes prefer to compute symmetrical exclusion inferences rather than asymmetric scalar inferences when interpreting quantifiers. This suggests that some apparent successes in computing scalar implicature can actually be explained by less sophisticated exclusion inferences.

Understanding Bayesianism: Fundamentals for Process Tracers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Andrew Bennett ◽  
Andrew E. Charman ◽  
Tasha Fairfield
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
The State ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Bayesian Reasoning ◽  
Mutual Exclusivity ◽  
Positive View

Abstract Bayesian analysis has emerged as a rapidly expanding frontier in qualitative methods. Recent work in this journal has voiced various doubts regarding how to implement Bayesian process tracing and the costs versus benefits of this approach. In this response, we articulate a very different understanding of the state of the method and a much more positive view of what Bayesian reasoning can do to strengthen qualitative social science. Drawing on forthcoming research as well as our earlier work, we focus on clarifying issues involving mutual exclusivity of hypotheses, evidentiary import, adjudicating among more than two hypotheses, and the logic of iterative research, with the goal of elucidating how Bayesian analysis operates and pushing the field forward.

scholarly journals The role of gaze direction and mutual exclusivity in guiding 24-month-olds' word mappings

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Graham ◽  
Elizabeth S. Nilsen ◽  
Sarah Collins ◽  
Kara Olineck
Keyword(s):  
Gaze Direction ◽  
Mutual Exclusivity

Twelve-month-olds disambiguate new words using mutual-exclusivity inferences

Cognition ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 104691
Author(s):  
Barbara Pomiechowska ◽  
Gábor Bródy ◽  
Gergely Csibra ◽  
Teodora Gliga
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Exclusivity ◽  
New Words

Studies on Indian Ocean Manganese Nodules

1996 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Parida ◽  
A.K. Sahoo ◽  
N.N. Das
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Manganese Nodules
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