Anaerobic degradation of high-concentration polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater sediments

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 112294
Author(s):  
Jun Mu ◽  
Qingxue Leng ◽  
Guangfeng Yang ◽  
Baikang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Occurrence and Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediment Collected along the Harbour Line, Mumbai, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dhananjayan ◽  
S. Muralidharan ◽  
Vinny R. Peter
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

This study investigated the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment samples collected along the harbour line, Mumbai, India. The ∑PAHs quantified in water and sediment samples were ranged from 8.66 ng/L to 46.74 ng/L and from 2608 ng/g to 134134 ng/g dry wt., respectively. Significantly high concentration of ∑PAHs was found in water samples of Sewri and sediment samples of Mahul (P<0.05). PAH concentrations detected in the present study were several folds higher than the existing sediment quality criteria suggested by various statutory agencies. The PAH composition patterns in water and sediments suggest the dominance of high molecular weight compounds and indicate important pyrolytic and petrogenic sources. The occurrence of PAHs in the marine environment has attracted the attention of the scientific community as these compounds are frequently detected in seawater and sediments at increasing levels and can have adverse health effects on marine organisms and humans. PAH concentrations detected at Sewri-Mahul site were sufficiently high to pose a risk to marine organisms if they are exposed continuously to this concentration. Hence, continuous monitoring of the ecosystem is highly warranted.

Anaerobic Degradation of Benzene and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 92-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer U. Meckenstock ◽  
Matthias Boll ◽  
Housna Mouttaki ◽  
Janina S. Koelschbach ◽  
Paola Cunha Tarouco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Biochemical Level ◽  
Microcosm Studies

Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are very slowly degraded without molecular oxygen. Here, we review the recent advances in the elucidation of the first known degradation pathways of these environmental hazards. Anaerobic degradation of benzene and PAHs has been successfully documented in the environment by metabolite analysis, compound-specific isotope analysis and microcosm studies. Subsequently, also enrichments and pure cultures were obtained that anaerobically degrade benzene, naphthalene or methylnaphthalene, and even phenanthrene, the largest PAH currently known to be degradable under anoxic conditions. Although such cultures grow very slowly, with doubling times of around 2 weeks, and produce only very little biomass in batch cultures, successful proteogenomic, transcriptomic and biochemical studies revealed novel degradation pathways with exciting biochemical reactions such as for example the carboxylation of naphthalene or the ATP-independent reduction of naphthoyl-coenzyme A. The elucidation of the first anaerobic degradation pathways of naphthalene and methylnaphthalene at the genetic and biochemical level now opens the door to studying the anaerobic metabolism and ecology of anaerobic PAH degraders. This will contribute to assessing the fate of one of the most important contaminant classes in anoxic sediments and aquifers.

Spatial variation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and equivalent toxicity in Sydney Harbour, Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupak Aryal ◽  
Simon Beecham ◽  
Sarvanamuthu Vigneswaran ◽  
Jaya Kandasamy ◽  
Ravi Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Toxicity ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Total Pahs ◽  
Identification Evaluation ◽  
Sydney Harbour ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Harbour sediments include wash-off from different nearby catchments that have various landuse activities. In this study the spatial variation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sydney Harbour was studied by analysing the sediment. The sediment was collected from 12 locations and 16 PAHs that are prioritized by the United States Environmental Protection Authority were analysed. The concentrations in the sediment were in the range of 54–23,440 ng/g of total PAHs and this varied from location to location. The result suggests that the harbour is contaminated with PAHs from low concentration to very high concentration. Among the total PAHs, approximately 75% were medium to higher molecular weight 4- and 5-ring member PAHs. A toxicity identification evaluation (TEQ) approach using a toxicity equivalency factor (TEF) was applied to assess the sediment toxicity. The TEF was found to be between 22 and 8,277 ng TEQ/g. The TEQ value indicated potential adverse ecological and human health effects in many locations.

scholarly journals Genetic Adaptability of Sarotherodon Melanotheron to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Some Senegal Hydrosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Ahou Nicole Yoboue ◽  
N’guessan Gustave Aliko ◽  
Bi Boh Nestor Gore ◽  
Félix Koffi Konan ◽  
Abouo Béatrice Adepo-Gourene
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Enzymatic Systems ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Sarotherodon Melanotheron

The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) contamination at the Sine-Saloum (Foundiougne, Kaolack and Missirah), Hann Bay and Niayes (1 and 2) sites in Sénégal and genetic ecotoxicology of Sarotherodon melanotheron specimens from these sites.The genes of the specimens were studied by the enzymatic electrophoresis technique. Seven enzymatic systems (ADH, AAT, IDHP, MDH, PGM, GPI and EST) were analyzed. The analysis of the PAHs was carried out by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GCMS). Populations of Sarotherodon melanotheron and sediments used for PAH measurements were sampled in 2009. Chemical characterization of the sampling sites revealed a high concentration of PAHs at Foundiougne and Hann Bay. The high pollution of environment is characterized by PAH napht (Foundiougne (14 378 ng/g) ; Hann Bay (5856 ng/g). The analysis of allelic variability showed the existence of an adaptive polymorphism at the PGM locus in S. melanotheron. The particularly low frequencies of the PGM * 105 allele in populations of disturbed environment (Foundiougne, Kaolack, Hann Bay, Niayes 1 and Niayes 2) suggest its involvement in the response to environmental stress. A negative correlation was observed between the PGM, IDHP and MDH-1 locus and PAH. The presence of PAHs in the environmentcauses to a decrease in the frequency of the PGM * 105 alleleatS. melanotheronspecimens.

scholarly journals Effects of soil pH, Total Organic Carbon and texture on fate of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Catalytic Degradation ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of quotidian organic compounds having between two and six condensed aromatic rings braced in angular, cluster or linear forms possessing hydrogen and carbon atoms only. This work aims to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of soil as determinants of PAHs distribution and fate. The study area is situated on the Benin River beneath the convergence of Jamieson River and River Ethiope. The weather and climatic conditions of the area are of the Niger Delta region. Sixteen priority PAHs were determined in ten sample stations. Upon extraction, purification and quantification of PAHs was done using GC-FID. According to the methods of Walkey-Blacks, Black and Bouyoucus, soil total organic carbon, pH and texture were analyzed respectively. Four replicate samples were chosen to create a composite and used as quality control. Kruskal-Wallis test with tied rank was used to determine a causative correlation between soil physicochemical parameters and ∑PAHs. Results showed that the study area is contaminated with high concentration of PAHs ranging from 60.76 – 271.11 239 µg.g-1 with higher percentages of HPAHs i.e. PAHs with LogKow > 4.0. It is observed that observed alkaline pH favour significant fungal, asperigellus and microbial degradation of PAHs, and hinder photo-catalytic degradation. However, acidification with elemental sulfur, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate could enhance photo-catalytic degradation. Results of TOC and soil structure do not favour significant degradation of HPAHs. Kruskal-Wallis tied rank test revealed that there was a positive significant difference between pH, TOC, percentage clay, and silt fractions with ∑PAHs concentrations since calculated K is greater than critical K0.05, P<0.05 except percentage of sand fractions and ∑PAHs with P>0.05. A substantial percentage of these PAHs have no anthropic origin and are characterized as having high lipo-affinity, semi-volatility and resistance to biotic and/or abiotic transformations. Due to edaphic factors the observed HPAHs may partially degrade with the consequent formation of highly toxic by-products. Therefore, oral or dermal ingestion of soil in the study area may cause significant exposure of the human population to these PAHs. Risk assessment and probable toxicity effects on animal diversity should be carried out in soil samples of the study area.

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