The short-term effect of fatty acids on glucagon secretion is influenced by their chain length, spatial configuration, and degree of unsaturation: studies in vitro

Metabolism ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1329-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Hong ◽  
Reziwanggu Abudula ◽  
Jianguo Chen ◽  
Per B. Jeppesen ◽  
Stig E.U. Dyrskog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation

Short-term effect of aldosterone on Na-K-ATPase in single nephron segments

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (3) ◽  
pp. F273-F278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Doucet ◽  
A. I. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Pump ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Cation Transport ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Nephron Segments ◽  
Single Nephron

One of the theories proposed to explain the action of mineralocorticoids on target tissues attributes their effect on cation transport to stimulation of the “sodium pump.” To test this hypothesis we evaluated the short-term effect of aldosterone on Na-K-ATPase in discrete nephron segments microdissected from kidneys of adrenalectomized animals. Na-K-ATPase activity measured in proximal and distal nephron segments from adrenalectomized as well as intact mice remained unchanged 1 or 3 h after a single injection of D-aldosterone (10 micrograms/100 g body wt i.p.). Similarly, no effect of aldosterone could be demonstrated in experiments in vitro, in which tubules from adrenalectomized mice and rabbits were incubated (90 min, 37 degrees C) in the presence of physiologic or pharmacologic concentrations of the hormone (3.10(-10) to 3.10(-6) M). These studies did not show an effect of aldosterone on isolated tubule Na-K-ATPase within the time interval in which this hormone alters tubular cation transport and therefore do not support the “pump theory” of mineralocorticoid action.

Effect of fatty acid structure on esterification by the small intestine in vitro

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 821-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin M. Gelb ◽  
Jacques I. Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Fatty Acid Structure ◽  
Acid Structure

The effect of chain length and degree of unsaturation of fatty acids (FA) on in vitro esterification by slices of hamster small intestine was observed in a medium containing C14-labeled FA. After incubation, lipids were extracted and separated and the radioactivity in the esterified lipids was measured. Comparative experiments, in which results were expressed as per cent of substrate esterified per 100 mg tissue, indicate that for saturated FA, maximal esterification occurred with myristic acid, 14 carbons. As chain length was either increased or decreased, percentage esterification decreased. FA with 8 carbons or less were only minimally esterified. Among 18-carbon FA, two unsaturated bonds significantly decreased percentage esterification, although one unsaturated bond did not. These results suggest that, at least in vitro, the small bowel esterifies FA at varying rates depending upon chain length and degree of unsaturation. These differences are in the same direction as differences in absorption and partition of FA in vivo previously reported by others.

OR22: Short Term Effect of Omega Fatty Acids on Intestinal Satiety Hormones and c-Fos Protein Levels in Hypothalamus

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. S12
Author(s):  
H. Hizli Guldemir ◽  
N. Büyükuslu ◽  
Ç. Çakıcı ◽  
P. Yiğit ◽  
P. Dilsiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Omega Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Fos Protein

A Newspaper’s Effect on the Strength of Automatic Associations in Memory

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Automatic Associations ◽  
Foreign Nationality ◽  
The Impact

A test was done to see if reading a newspaper which consistently overrepresents foreigners as criminals strengthens the automatic association between foreign country and criminal in memory (i.e., implicit cultivation). Further, an investigation was done to find out if reading articles from the same newspaper produces a short-term effect on the same measure and if (1) emotionalization of the newspaper texts, (2) emotional reactions of the reader (indicated by arousal), and (3) attributed text credibility moderate the short-term treatment effect. Eighty-five participants were assigned to one of three experimental conditions. Participants in the control group received short factual crime texts, where the nationality of the offender was not mentioned. Participants in the factual treatment group received the same texts, but the foreign nationality was mentioned. Participants in the emotionalized treatment group received emotionalized articles (i.e., texts which are high in vividness and frequency) covering the same crimes, with the foreign nationality mentioned. Supporting empirical evidence for implicit cultivation and a short-term effect was found. However, only emotionalized articles produced a short-term effect on the strength of the automatic association, indicating that newspaper texts must have a minimum of stimulus intensity to overcome an effect threshold. There were no moderating effects of arousal or credibility pertaining to the impact on the implicit measure. However, credibility moderated the short-term effect on a first-order judgment (i.e., estimated frequency of foreigners of all criminals). This indicates that a newspaper’s effect on the strength of automatic associations is relatively independent from processes of propositional reasoning.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document