Deficiency in indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase induces upregulation of guanylate binding protein 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the brain during cerebral infection with Toxoplasma gondii in genetically resistant BALB/c mice but not in genetically susceptible C57BL/6 mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 104908
Author(s):  
Namrata Anand ◽  
Jenny Lutshumba ◽  
Megan Whitlow ◽  
Mohamed H. Abdelaziz ◽  
Rajesh Mani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Indoleamine 2 ◽  
Cerebral Infection ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Guanylate Binding Protein ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Isoflurane Preconditioning Induces Neuroprotection That Is Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase–dependent in Neonatal Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Zhao ◽  
Zhiyi Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Cerebral Hemispheres ◽  
Brain Hypoxia ◽  
Hypoxia Ischemia ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Background Perinatal stroke is a common human disease. Neonatal brains are immature and engaged in active synaptogenesis. Preconditioning adult rats with the volatile anesthetic isoflurane induces neuroprotection. Whether isoflurane preconditioning induces neuroprotection in neonates is not known. Methods Seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats had left common carotid arterial ligation followed by hypoxia with 8% oxygen for 1, 2, or 2.5 h at 37 degrees C. Isoflurane preconditioning with 1 or 1.5% isoflurane for 30 min was performed at 24 h before the brain hypoxia/ischemia. The inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor aminoguanidine (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was administered 30 min before the isoflurane pretreatment. The weight ratio of left to right cerebral hemispheres at 7 days after the brain hypoxia/ischemia was calculated. The mortality during the period from cerebral hypoxia/ischemia to 7 days afterwards was monitored. In another experiment, 6-day-old rats were exposed to 1.5% isoflurane for 30 min. The cerebral hemispheres were removed at various time points for Western analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Results The mortality was about 40% in neonates with brain hypoxia/ischemia for 2 h or 2.5 h and was not altered by isoflurane preconditioning. The weight ratio of left/right cerebral hemispheres in the survivors was 0.99 +/- 0.02, 0.65 +/- 0.19, and 0.86 +/- 0.15 (n = 7-18) for the rats in control, brain hypoxia/ischemia for 2.5 h, and isoflurane preconditioning plus brain hypoxia/ischemia for 2.5 h groups, respectively (P < 0.05 for the comparisons between control versus brain hypoxia/ischemia and brain hypoxia/ischemia versus isoflurane preconditioning plus brain hypoxia/ischemia). This isoflurane preconditioning-induced neuroprotection was abolished by aminoguanidine (the weight ratio was 0.61 +/- 0.18, n = 12). Isoflurane induced a time-dependent increase in the inducible nitric oxide synthase proteins. Conclusions Isoflurane preconditioning induces neuroprotection in neonatal rats. This neuroprotection is inducible nitric oxide synthase-dependent.

scholarly journals Isoflurane Preconditioning Improves Long-term Neurologic Outcome after Hypoxic–Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Zhao ◽  
Longyun Peng ◽  
Liaoliao Li ◽  
Xuebing Xu ◽  
Zhiyi Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Neurologic Outcome ◽  
Hypoxia Ischemia ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Background Preconditioning the brain with relatively safe drugs seems to be a viable option to reduce ischemic brain injury. The authors and others have shown that the volatile anesthetic isoflurane can precondition the brain against ischemia. Here, the authors determine whether isoflurane preconditioning improves long-term neurologic outcome after brain ischemia. Methods Six-day-old rats were exposed to 1.5% isoflurane for 30 min at 24 h before the brain hypoxia-ischemia that was induced by left common carotid arterial ligation and then exposure to 8% oxygen for 2 h. The neuropathology, motor coordination, and learning and memory functions were assayed 1 month after the brain ischemia. Western analysis was performed to quantify the expression of the heat shock protein 70, Bcl-2, and survivin 24 h after isoflurane exposure. Results The mortality was 45% after brain hypoxia-ischemia. Isoflurane preconditioning did not affect this mortality. However, isoflurane preconditioning attenuated ischemia-induced loss of neurons and brain tissues, such as cerebral cortex and hippocampus in the survivors. Isoflurane also improved the motor coordination of rats at 1 month after ischemia. The learning and memory functions as measured by performance of Y-maze and social recognition tasks in the survivors were not affected by the brain hypoxia-ischemia or isoflurane preconditioning. The expression of Bcl-2, a well-known antiapoptotic protein, in the hippocampus is increased after isoflurane exposure. This increase was reduced by the inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibition also abolished isoflurane preconditioning-induced neuroprotection. Conclusions Isoflurane preconditioning improved the long-term neurologic outcome after brain ischemia. Inducible nitric oxide synthase may be involved in this neuroprotection.

scholarly journals High resistance to Toxoplasma gondii infection in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) knockout rats

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 103280
Author(s):  
Zhen-Jie Wang ◽  
Shao-Meng Yu ◽  
Jiang-Mei Gao ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Geoff Hide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) in the Brain of Term Fetal Guinea Pig

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (4, Part 2 of 2) ◽  
pp. 70A-70A
Author(s):  
Evangelia Spandou ◽  
Santina Zanelli ◽  
Melissa L Taylor ◽  
Agustin Legido ◽  
Om P Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

scholarly journals Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in the brain during systemic inflammation

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma-Li Wong ◽  
Valeria Rettori ◽  
Amer AL-Shekhlee ◽  
Peter B. Bongiorno ◽  
Griselda Canteros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Toxoplasma gondii: in vivo expression of BAG-5 and cyst formation is independent of TNF p55 receptor and inducible nitric oxide synthase functions

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neide M. Silva ◽  
Wagner L. Tafuri ◽  
Jacqueline I. Alvarez-Leite ◽  
José R. Mineo ◽  
Ricardo T. Gazzinelli
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
In Vivo Expression ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document