Heat flow visualization of a chemical compound isobutane (C4H10) past a vertical cylinder in the subcritical, near critical and supercritical regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Janardhana Reddy ◽  
Hussain Basha ◽  
N.S. Venkata Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Flow Visualization ◽  
Chemical Compound ◽  
Vertical Cylinder

Numerical heat flow visualization analysis on enhanced thermal processing for various shapes of containers during thermal convection

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 3535-3583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Lukose ◽  
Tanmay Basak
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Flow Visualization ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Bottom Wall ◽  
Heat Distribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Class 1

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study thermal (natural) convection in nine different containers involving the same area (area= 1 sq. unit) and identical heat input at the bottom wall (isothermal/sinusoidal heating). Containers are categorized into three classes based on geometric configurations [Class 1 (square, tilted square and parallelogram), Class 2 (trapezoidal type 1, trapezoidal type 2 and triangle) and Class 3 (convex, concave and triangle with curved hypotenuse)]. Design/methodology/approach The governing equations are solved by using the Galerkin finite element method for various processing fluids (Pr = 0.025 and 155) and Rayleigh numbers (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 105) involving nine different containers. Finite element-based heat flow visualization via heatlines has been adopted to study heat distribution at various sections. Average Nusselt number at the bottom wall ( Nub¯) and spatially average temperature (θ^) have also been calculated based on finite element basis functions. Findings Based on enhanced heating criteria (higher Nub¯ and higher θ^), the containers are preferred as follows, Class 1: square and parallelogram, Class 2: trapezoidal type 1 and trapezoidal type 2 and Class 3: convex (higher θ^) and concave (higher Nub¯). Practical implications The comparison of heat flow distributions and isotherms in nine containers gives a clear perspective for choosing appropriate containers at various process parameters (Pr and Ra). The results for current work may be useful to obtain enhancement of the thermal processing rate in various process industries. Originality/value Heatlines provide a complete understanding of heat flow path and heat distribution within nine containers. Various cold zones and thermal mixing zones have been highlighted and these zones are found to be altered with various shapes of containers. The importance of containers with curved walls for enhanced thermal processing rate is clearly established.

Role of heatlines on thermal management during Rayleigh-Bénard heating within enclosures with concave/convex horizontal walls

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2070-2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratibha Biswal ◽  
Tanmay Basak
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Flow Visualization ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bénard Convection ◽  
Benard Convection ◽  
First Time ◽  
Rayleigh Benard Convection ◽  
Rayleigh Benard

Purpose This study aims to carry out the analysis of Rayleigh-Bénard convection within enclosures with curved isothermal walls, with the special implication on the heat flow visualization via the heatline approach. Design/methodology/approach The Galerkin finite element method has been used to obtain the numerical solutions in terms of the streamlines (ψ ), heatlines (Π), isotherms (θ), local and average Nusselt number ( Nut¯) for various Rayleigh numbers (103 ≤ Ra ≥ 105), Prandtl numbers (Pr = 0.015 and 7.2) and wall curvatures (concavity/convexity). Findings The presence of the larger fluid velocity within the curved cavities resulted in the larger heat transfer rates and thermal mixing compared to the square cavity. Case 3 (high concavity) exhibits the largest Nut¯ at the low Ra for all Pr. At the high Ra, Nut¯ is the largest for Case 3 (high concavity) at Pr = 0.015, whereas at Pr = 7.2, Nut¯ is the largest for Case 1 (high concavity and convexity). Practical implications The results may be useful for the material processing applications. Originality/value The study of Rayleigh-Bénard convection in cavities with the curved isothermal walls is not carried out till date. The heatline approach is used for the heat flow visualization during Rayleigh-Benard convection within the curved walled enclosures for the first time. Also, the existence of the enhanced fluid and heat circulation cells within the curved walled cavities during Rayleigh-Benard heating is illustrated for the first time.

Transient Couple Stress Fluid Past a Vertical Cylinder With Bejan’s Heat and Mass Flow Visualization for Steady-State

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Rani ◽  
G. Janardhan Reddy ◽  
Chang Nyung Kim ◽  
Y. Rameshwar
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Flow Visualization ◽  
Boundary Layer Flow ◽  
Couple Stress ◽  
Vertical Cylinder ◽  
Couple Stress Fluid ◽  
Layer Flow ◽  
Flow Variables ◽  
Mass Functions

In the present study, the transient, free convective, boundary layer flow of a couple stress fluid flowing over a vertical cylinder is investigated, and the heat and mass functions for the final steady-state of the present flow are developed. The solution of the time dependent nonlinear and coupled governing equations is obtained with the aid of an unconditionally stable Crank–Nicolson type of numerical scheme. Numerical results for the time histories of the skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number as well as the steady-state velocity, temperature, and concentration are presented graphically and discussed. Also, it is observed that time required for the flow variables to reach the steady-state increases with the increasing values of Schmidt and Prandtl numbers, while the opposite trend is observed with respect to the buoyancy ratio parameter. To analyze the flow variables in the steady-state, the heatlines and masslines are used in addition to streamlines, isotherms, and isoconcentration lines. When the heat and mass functions are properly made dimensionless, its dimensionless values are related to the local and overall Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. Boundary layer flow visualization indicates that the heatlines and masslines are dense in the vicinity of the hot wall, especially near the leading edge.

Thermal Resistance of a Closed-Ended, Annular, Air-Filled Cavity: Inclination and Eccentricity Dependence

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sadhu ◽  
S. D. Probert ◽  
J. Medwell ◽  
D. Syed
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Outer Cylinder ◽  
Vertical Cylinder ◽  
Uniform Temperature ◽  
Fixed Temperature ◽  
Steady State Rate ◽  
Cavity Configuration ◽  
State Rate ◽  
Vertical System ◽  
Vertical Cylinders

The steady-state rate of heat flow from a cylinder of uniform temperature (≤ 185°C) to a surrounding, concentric, water-cooled pipe has been measured experimentally. For such a closed-ended annular-cavity configuration with 23 ≤ h ≤ 40 and 1.8 times 103 < Ra < 105, where h is the aspect ratio and Ra the Rayleigh number, the heat flux exhibited a maximum at an inclination of 17 ± 2° to the horizontal. The vertical system was the maximum insulation configuration. Eccentric displacement of one vertical cylinder relative to the other, for a fixed temperature difference between the vertical cylinders, always led to an increase in the rate of heat transfer, but for eccentricities up to 0.3 the changes were negligible. The rate of heat flow for the horizontal assembly increased as the axis of the inner cylinder was eccentrically displaced vertically downwards relative to that of the outer cylinder.

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