Five year iron changes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis deep gray matter compared to healthy controls

Background: Suppression of activation of pathogenic CD4+ T cells is a potential therapeutic intervention in multiple sclerosis (MS). We previously showed that a small heat shock protein, CRYAB, reduced T cell proliferation, pro-inflammatory cytokine production and clinical signs of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, a model of MS. Objective: We assessed whether the ability of CRYAB to reduce the activation of T cells translated to the human disease. Methods: CD4+ T cells from healthy controls and volunteers with MS were activated in vitro in the presence or absence of a CRYAB peptide (residues 73–92). Parameters of activation (proliferation rate, cytokine secretion) and tolerance (anergy, activation-induced cell death, microRNAs) were evaluated. Results: The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by CD4+ T cells was decreased in the presence of CRYAB in a subset of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) participants with mild disease severity while no changes were observed in healthy controls. Further, there was a correlation for higher levels of miR181a microRNA, a marker upregulated in tolerant CD8+ T cells, in CD4+ T cells of MS patients that displayed suppressed cytokine production (responders). Conclusion: CRYAB may be capable of suppressing the activation of CD4+ T cells from a subset of RRMS patients who appear to have less disability but similar age and disease duration.

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Subcortical and Cortical Gray Matter Atrophy in a Large Sample of Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Early Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

American Journal of Neuroradiology ◽

10.3174/ajnr.a3086 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 1573-1578 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

N. Bergsland ◽

D. Horakova ◽

M.G. Dwyer ◽

O. Dolezal ◽

Z.K. Seidl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽

Large Sample ◽

Gray Matter Atrophy ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

Cortical Gray Matter ◽

Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

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Monitoring cognitive change in multiple sclerosis using a computerized cognitive battery

Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental Translational and Clinical ◽

10.1177/2055217318815513 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 205521731881551 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

L De Meijer ◽

D Merlo ◽

O Skibina ◽

EJ Grobbee ◽

J Gale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Cognitive Change ◽

Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Serial Addition ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Cognitive Monitoring

Background Cognitive monitoring that can detect short-term change in multiple sclerosis is challenging. Computerized cognitive batteries such as the CogState Brief Battery can rapidly assess commonly affected cognitive domains. Objectives The purpose of this study was to establish the acceptability and sensitivity of the CogState Brief Battery in multiple sclerosis patients compared to controls. We compared the sensitivity of the CogState Brief Battery to that of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test over 12 months. Methods Demographics, Expanded Disability Status Scale scores, depression and anxiety scores were compared with CogState Brief Battery and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test performances of 51 patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis, 19 with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and 40 healthy controls. Longitudinal data in 37 relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients were evaluated using linear mixed models. Results Both the CogState Brief Battery and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test discriminated between multiple sclerosis and healthy controls at baseline ( p<0.001). CogState Brief Battery tasks were more acceptable and caused less anxiety than the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test ( p<0.001). In relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients, reaction time slowed over 12 months ( p<0.001) for the CogState Brief Battery Detection (mean change –34.23 ms) and Identification (–25.31 ms) tasks. Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test scores did not change over this time. Conclusions The CogState Brief Battery is highly acceptable and better able to detect cognitive change than the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test. The CogState Brief Battery could potentially be used as a practical cognitive monitoring tool in the multiple sclerosis clinic setting.

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