In situ polymerized polyaniline/MXene (V2C) as building blocks of supercapacitor and ammonia sensor self-powered by electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid generator

Comets are primitive, kilometer-sized bodies that formed in the outer regions of the solar system. Composed of ice and dust, comets are generally believed to be relic building blocks of the outer solar system that have been preserved at cryogenic temperatures since the formation of the Sun and planets. The analysis of cometary material is particularly important because the properties of cometary material provide direct information on the processes and environments that formed and influenced solid matter both in the early solar system and in the interstellar environments that preceded it.The first direct analyses of proven comet dust were made during the Soviet and European spacecraft encounters with Comet Halley in 1986. These missions carried time-of-flight mass spectrometers that measured mass spectra of individual micron and smaller particles. The Halley measurements were semi-quantitative but they showed that comet dust is a complex fine-grained mixture of silicates and organic material. A full understanding of comet dust will require detailed morphological, mineralogical, elemental and isotopic analysis at the finest possible scale. Electron microscopy and related microbeam techniques will play key roles in the analysis. The present and future of electron microscopy of comet samples involves laboratory study of micrometeorites collected in the stratosphere, in-situ SEM analysis of particles collected at a comet and laboratory study of samples collected from a comet and returned to the Earth for detailed study.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Click chemistry in situ: acetylcholinesterase as a reaction vessel for the selective assembly of a femtomolar inhibitor from an array of building blocks.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1018857.100557 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Jon Thorson

Keyword(s):

Click Chemistry ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Reaction Vessel ◽

Selective Assembly

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Multifunctional Latex/Polytetrafluoroethylene-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self-Powered Organ-like MXene/Metal–Organic Framework-Derived CuO Nanohybrid Ammonia Sensor

ACS Nano ◽

10.1021/acsnano.0c09015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 2911-2919 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dongyue Wang ◽

Dongzhi Zhang ◽

Yan Yang ◽

Qian Mi ◽

Jianhua Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Organic Framework ◽

Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽

Ammonia Sensor ◽

Metal Organic ◽

Self Powered ◽

Organic Framework

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Exploring Cu/Al cluster growth and reactivity: from embryonic building blocks to intermetalloid, open-shell superatoms

Chemical Science ◽

10.1039/d1sc00268f ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Max Schütz ◽

Christian Gemel ◽

Maximilian Muhr ◽

Christian Jandl ◽

Samia Kahlal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Closed Shell ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Open Shell ◽

Cluster Growth ◽

Powerful Technique

Cu/Al cluster growth reactions leading to open- and closed-shell superatoms are investigated. Therein, LIFDI-MS is presented as a powerful technique for the in situ detection of cluster identities and reactivity patterns.

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Mixed-potential ammonia sensor using Ag decorated FeVO4 sensing electrode for automobile in-situ exhaust environment monitoring

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical ◽

10.1016/j.snb.2021.130697 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 130697

Author(s):

Qi Lu ◽

Lingchu Huang ◽

Weijia Li ◽

Tong Wang ◽

Hao Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mixed Potential ◽

Environment Monitoring ◽

Ammonia Sensor

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In-Situ Characterization of Individual Building Blocks for Nanophotonic Solar Cells by Correlative Microscopy

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927616012277 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (S5) ◽

pp. 50-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sebastian W. Schmitt ◽

George Sarau ◽

Silke H. Christiansen

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Correlative Microscopy ◽

In Situ Characterization

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Symmetrical tetra-β″-sulfoleno-meso-aryl-porphyrins — synthesis, spectroscopy and structural characterization

Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines ◽

10.1142/s1088424613501204 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (01n02) ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Srinivas Banala ◽

Klaus Wurst ◽

Bernhard Kräutler

Keyword(s):

Metal Complexes ◽

Crystal Structures ◽

Structural Characterization ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Cycloaddition Reactions ◽

One Pot

We report here the preparation (in "one-pot") of a tetra-β″-sulfoleno-meso-aryl-porphyrin in about 80% yield by using an optimized modification of Lindsey's variant of the Adler–Longo approach. The Zn ( II )-, Cu ( II )- and Ni ( II )-complexes of the symmetrical porphyrin were prepared and characterized spectroscopically. Crystal structures of the fluorescent Zn ( II )- and of the non-fluorescent Ni ( II )-tetra-β″-sulfoleno-meso-aryl-porphyrinates showed the highly substituted porphyrin ligands to be nearly perfectly planar. The Zn ( II )-complex of this porphyrin has been used as a thermal precursor of a reactive diene, and — formally — of lateral and diagonal bis-dienes, of a tris-diene and of a tetra-diene, which all underwent [4 + 2]-cycloaddition reactions in situ with a range of dienophiles. Thus, the tetra-β″-sulfoleno-meso-aryl-porphyrin and its metal complexes represent reactive building blocks, "programmed" for the syntheses of symmetrical and highly functionalized porphyrins.

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In situ X-ray Diffraction Investigation of the Crystallisation of Perfluorinated Ce(IV)-based Metal-Organic Frameworks with UiO-66 and MIL-140 architectures

10.26434/chemrxiv.13252544 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Shearan ◽

Jannick Jacobsen ◽

Ferdinando Costantino ◽

Roberto D’Amato ◽

Dmitri Novikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Growth ◽

Metal Organic Frameworks ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Nucleation And Growth ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Rate Determining Step ◽

Wide Range ◽

Metal Organic

We report on the results of a thorough in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction study of the crystallisation in aqueous medium of two recently discovered perfluorinated Ce(IV)-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), analogues of the already well investigated Zr(IV)-based UiO-66 and MIL-140A, namely, F4_UiO-66(Ce) and F4_MIL-140A(Ce). The two MOFs were originally obtained in pure form in similar conditions, using ammonium cerium nitrate and tetrafluoroterephthalic acid as building blocks, and small variations of the reaction parameters were found to yield mixed phases. Here, we investigate the crystallisation of these compounds in situ in a wide range of conditions, varying parameters such as temperature, amount of the protonation modulator nitric acid (HNO3) and amount of the coordination modulator acetic acid (AcOH). When only HNO3 is present in the reaction environment, F4_MIL-140A(Ce) is obtained as a pure phase. Heating preferentially accelerates nucleation, which becomes rate determining below 57 °C, whereas the modulator influences nucleation and crystal growth to a similar extent. Upon addition of AcOH to the system, alongside HNO3, mixed-phased products, consisting of F4_MIL-140A(Ce) and F4_UiO-66(Ce), are obtained. In these conditions, F4_UiO-66(Ce) is always formed faster and no interconversion between the two phases occurs. In the case of F4_UiO-66(Ce), crystal growth is always the rate determining step. An increase in the amount of HNO3 slows down both nucleation and growth rates for F4_MIL-140A(Ce), whereas nucleation is mainly affected for F4_UiO-66(Ce). In addition, a higher amount HNO3 favours the formation of F4_MIL-140A(Ce). Similarly, increasing the amount of AcOH leads to slowing down of the nucleation and growth rate, but favours the formation of F4_UiO-66(Ce). The pure F4_UiO-66(Ce) phase could also be obtained when using larger amounts of AcOH in the presence of minimal HNO3. Based on these in situ results, a new optimised route to achieving a pure, high quality F4_MIL-140A(Ce) phase in mild conditions (60 °C, 1 h) is also identified.

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