Production of 52Fe from symmetric complete fusion-evaporation reactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Sean R. McGuinness ◽  
Samuel J. Ferran ◽  
John T. Wilkinson ◽  
C. Shaun Loveless ◽  
Tyler Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Fusion Evaporation Reactions

Fragment Anisotropy of Complete Fusion-Fission at Subbarrier Energies for the 11 B+ 238 U and 12 C+ 237 Np Reactions

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Huanqiao ◽  
Liu Zuhua ◽  
Xu Jincheng ◽  
Qian Xing ◽  
Chen Shaolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Fusion

Complete fusion and quasi-fission reactions induced by 84Kr ions on heavy targets

1975 ◽  
Vol 250 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Péter ◽  
C. Ngô ◽  
B. Tamain
Keyword(s):  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Fission Reactions

Genetic and biological characterization of Newcastle disease viruses circulating in Bangladesh during 2010–2017: further genetic diversification of class II genotype XIII in Southcentral Asia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Nooruzzaman ◽  
Tanjin Tamanna Mumu ◽  
Congriev Kumar Kabiraj ◽  
Azmary Hasnat ◽  
Md Mijanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
F Gene ◽  
Nucleotide Distance ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Gene Data

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is endemic in Bangladesh and is a major threat to commercial poultry operations. While complete fusion (F) genes are recommended for molecular characterization and classification of NDV isolates, heretofore, only partial F gene data have been available for Bangladeshi NDVs. To this end, we obtained the full-length F gene coding sequences of 11 representative NDVs isolated in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2017. In addition, one of the viruses (MK934289/chicken/Bangladesh/C161/2010) was used in an experimental infection of chickens to establish the viral pathotype and study gross and microscopic lesions. Phylogenetic analysis provided evidence that all studied Bangladeshi isolates belong to genotype XIII.2 of class II NDVs. Six of the viruses were isolated between 2010 and 2017 and grouped together with isolates from neighbouring India during 2013–2016. Another four Bangladeshi isolates (2010–2016) formed a separate monophyletic branch within XIII.2 and showed high nucleotide distance from the isolates from India and the other six Bangladeshi viruses within the sub-genotype; however, none of these groups fulfils all classification criteria to be named as a separate sub-genotype. The eleventh Bangladeshi virus studied here (C162) was genetically more distant from the remaining isolates. It out-grouped the viruses from sub-genotypes XIII.2.1 and XIII.2.2 and showed more than 9.5 % nucleotide distance from all genotype XIII sub-genotypes. This isolate may represent an NDV variant that is evolving independently from the other viruses in the region. The experimental infection in chickens revealed that the tested isolate (C161) is a velogenic viscerotropic virus. Massive haemorrhages, congestion and necrosis in different visceral organs, and lymphoid depletion in lymphoid tissues, typical for infection with velogenic NDV, were observed. Our findings demonstrate the endemic circulation of sub-genotype XIII.2 in Southcentral Asia and further genetic diversification of these viruses in Bangladesh and neighbouring India. This constant evolution of the viruses may lead to the establishment of new genetic groups in the region. Additional historical and prospective virus and surveillance data from the region and neighbouring countries will allow a more detailed epidemiological inference.

scholarly journals Challenge of handling a Charcot spinal arthropathy with a novel hybrid fibular autograft and expandable cage

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Nissim Ohana ◽  
Daniel Benharroch ◽  
Dimitri Sheinis
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Sitting Posture ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Mesh Cage ◽  
Fibular Autograft

A 26-year-old man, who was paraplegic for 6 years due to a motor vehicle accident, presented to the authors’ clinic following his incapacity to withstand a sitting posture, the frequent sensation of “clicks” in his back, and a complaint of back pain while in his wheelchair. On imaging, his dorsal spine showed a complete arthrodesis of the primarily fused vertebrae. However, distal to this segment, a Charcot spinal arthropathy with subluxation of T12–L1 was evident. Repair of this complex, uncommon, late complication of his paraplegia by the frequently used fusion techniques was shown to be inappropriate. A novel and elaborate surgical procedure is presented by which a complete fusion of the affected spine was secured. A left retrodiaphragmatic approach was used. Complete corpectomy of both the T-12 and L-1 vertebrae to the preserved endplates was performed. Most of the patient’s fibula was resected and shaped for engrafting. The segment of the fibula was introduced into a mesh cage, before its intramedullary implantation into the T-12 and L-1 vertebrae. This 2-step procedure combined the hybrid use of a fibular autograft and an expandable mesh cage, incorporated one into the other, in an innovative intramedullary position. This intervention allowed the patient to resume his former condition as an extremely physically active patient with paraplegia. Nine years later, an asymptomatic early-stage Charcot spine was found at L5–S1, but no treatment is planned at this point.

Cervical and High Thoracic Ligamentum Flavum Frequently Fails to Fuse in the Midline

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1387-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Lirk ◽  
Christian Kolbitsch ◽  
Guenther Putz ◽  
Joshua Colvin ◽  
Hans Peter Colvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Epidural Needle ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Thoracic Epidural ◽  
Loss Of Resistance ◽  
Ligamenta Flava ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Thoracic Epidural

Background Cervical and high thoracic epidural anesthesia and analgesia have gained increasing importance in the treatment of painful conditions and as components of anesthetics for cardiac and breast surgery. In contrast to the hanging-drop technique, the loss-of-resistance technique is thought to rely on the penetration of the ligamentum flavum. However, the exact morphology of the ligamentum flavum at different vertebral levels remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and morphology of cervical and high thoracic ligamentum flavum mid-line gaps in embalmed cadavers. Methods Vertebral column specimens were obtained from 52 human cadavers. On each dissected level, ligamentum flavum mid-line gaps were recorded and evaluated with respect to shape and size. Results The following variations were encountered: complete fusion in the mid-line, mid-line fusion with a gap in the caudal part, mid-line gap, and mid-line gap with widened caudal end. The incidence of mid-line gaps at the following levels was: C3-C4: 66%, C4-C5: 58%, C5-C6: 74%, C6-C7: 64%, C7-T1: 51%, Th1-Th2: 21%, Th2-Th3: 11%, Th3-Th4: 4%, Th4-Th5: 2%, and Th5-Th6: 2%. The mean width of mid-line gaps was 1.0 +/- 0.3 mm. Conclusions In conclusion, the present study shows that gaps in the ligamenta flava are frequent at cervical and high thoracic levels but become rare at the T3/T4 level and below, such that one cannot always rely on the ligamentum flavum as a perceptible barrier to epidural needle placement at these levels.

scholarly journals The problems of syncretism

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmer Ringgren
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
The One

That which happens when two religions meet is obviously different from case to case. It is possible for two "organized" religions to exist side by side for centuries without any exchange taking place. But otherwise, we are obviously moving along a continuum, the one pole of which is the repression of one of the two religions, the other a complete fusion of them. From another point of view, the results of syncretism may be grouped according to the degree in which the foreign elements are felt as essential or less essential. On this broad definition, the topic before us is vast. As a matter of fact few religions are totally "pure" or homogeneous and free from elements of syncretism or traces of an encounter with other religions.

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