Drug-free and context-dependent locomotor hyperactivity in DBA/2 J mice previously treated with repeated cocaine: Relationship with behavioral sensitization and role of noradrenergic receptors

2019 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Luján ◽  
Laura Colomar ◽  
Ernesto Tarragón ◽  
Laura López-Cruz ◽  
Raúl Pastor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Sensitization ◽  
Locomotor Hyperactivity ◽  
Noradrenergic Receptors ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Drug Free

Forming Impressions of Personality

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne Nauts ◽  
Oliver Langner ◽  
Inge Huijsmans ◽  
Roos Vonk ◽  
Daniël H. J. Wigboldus
Keyword(s):  
Impression Formation ◽  
Context Dependent

Asch’s seminal research on “Forming Impressions of Personality” (1946) has widely been cited as providing evidence for a primacy-of-warmth effect, suggesting that warmth-related judgments have a stronger influence on impressions of personality than competence-related judgments (e.g., Fiske, Cuddy, & Glick, 2007 ; Wojciszke, 2005 ). Because this effect does not fit with Asch’s Gestalt-view on impression formation and does not readily follow from the data presented in his original paper, the goal of the present study was to critically examine and replicate the studies of Asch’s paper that are most relevant to the primacy-of-warmth effect. We found no evidence for a primacy-of-warmth effect. Instead, the role of warmth was highly context-dependent, and competence was at least as important in shaping impressions as warmth.

The role of anterior insula–brainstem projections and alpha-1 noradrenergic receptors for compulsion-like and alcohol-only drinking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thatiane De Oliveira Sergio ◽  
Kelly Lei ◽  
Claudina Kwok ◽  
Shahbaj Ghotra ◽  
Scott A. Wegner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Insula ◽  
Noradrenergic Receptors

scholarly journals The role of kinship in knowledge about medicinal plants: evidence for context-dependent model-based biases in cultural transmission?

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla de Carvalho de Brito ◽  
Washington Soares Ferreira-Júnior ◽  
Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque ◽  
Marcelo Alves Ramos ◽  
Taline Cristina da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Dependent Model ◽  
Context Dependent

scholarly journals Sigma-1 receptor mediates cocaine-induced transcriptional regulation by recruiting chromatin-remodeling factors at the nuclear envelope

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (47) ◽  
pp. E6562-E6570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Yi A. Tsai ◽  
Jian-Ying Chuang ◽  
Meng-Shan Tsai ◽  
Xiao-fei Wang ◽  
Zheng-Xiong Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Behavioral Sensitization ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Cellular Regulation ◽  
Sigma 1 Receptor ◽  
Withdrawal Treatment ◽  
Sigma 1

The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) chaperone at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays important roles in cellular regulation. Here we found a new function of Sig-1R, in that it translocates from the ER to the nuclear envelope (NE) to recruit chromatin-remodeling molecules and regulate the gene transcription thereof. Sig-1Rs mainly reside at the ER–mitochondrion interface. However, on stimulation by agonists such as cocaine, Sig-1Rs translocate from ER to the NE, where Sig-1Rs bind NE protein emerin and recruit chromatin-remodeling molecules, including lamin A/C, barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF), and histone deacetylase (HDAC), to form a complex with the gene repressor specific protein 3 (Sp3). Knockdown of Sig-1Rs attenuates the complex formation. Cocaine was found to suppress the gene expression of monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) in the brain of wild-type but not Sig-1R knockout mouse. A single dose of cocaine (20 mg/kg) in rats suppresses the level of MAOB at nuclear accumbens without affecting the level of dopamine transporter. Daily injections of cocaine in rats caused behavioral sensitization. Withdrawal from cocaine in cocaine-sensitized rats induced an apparent time-dependent rebound of the MAOB protein level to about 200% over control on day 14 after withdrawal. Treatment of cocaine-withdrawn rats with the MAOB inhibitor deprenyl completely alleviated the behavioral sensitization to cocaine. Our results demonstrate a role of Sig-1R in transcriptional regulation and suggest cocaine may work through this newly discovered genomic action to achieve its addictive action. Results also suggest the MAOB inhibitor deprenyl as a therapeutic agent to block certain actions of cocaine during withdrawal.

scholarly journals The role of CYP2D in rat brain in methamphetamine-induced striatal dopamine and serotonin release and behavioral sensitization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlaina R. Stocco ◽  
Ahmed A. El-Sherbeni ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Maria Novalen ◽  
Rachel F. Tyndale
Keyword(s):  
Neurotransmitter Release ◽  
Behavioral Sensitization ◽  
Serotonin Release ◽  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
Irreversible Inhibitor ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Rationale Cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) enzymes metabolize many addictive drugs, including methamphetamine. Variable CYP2D metabolism in the brain may alter CNS drug/metabolite concentrations, consequently affecting addiction liability and neuropsychiatric outcomes; components of these can be modeled by behavioral sensitization in rats. Methods To investigate the role of CYP2D in the brain in methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization, rats were pretreated centrally with a CYP2D irreversible inhibitor (or vehicle) 20 h prior to each of 7 daily methamphetamine (0.5 mg/kg subcutaneous) injections. In vivo brain microdialysis was used to assess brain drug and metabolite concentrations, and neurotransmitter release. Results CYP2D inhibitor (versus vehicle) pretreatment enhanced methamphetamine-induced stereotypy response sensitization. CYP2D inhibitor pretreatment increased brain methamphetamine concentrations and decreased the brain p-hydroxylation metabolic ratio. With microdialysis conducted on days 1 and 7, CYP2D inhibitor pretreatment exacerbated stereotypy sensitization and enhanced dopamine and serotonin release in the dorsal striatum. Day 1 brain methamphetamine and amphetamine concentrations correlated with dopamine and serotonin release, which in turn correlated with the stereotypy response slope across sessions (i.e., day 1 through day 7), used as a measure of sensitization. Conclusions CYP2D-mediated methamphetamine metabolism in the brain is sufficient to alter behavioral sensitization, brain drug concentrations, and striatal dopamine and serotonin release. Moreover, day 1 methamphetamine-induced neurotransmitter release may be an important predictor of subsequent behavioral sensitization. This suggests the novel contribution of CYP2D in the brain to methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization and suggests that the wide variation in human brain CYP2D6 may contribute to differential methamphetamine responses and chronic effects.

The Role of Indocyanine Green in Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resections for Rectal Cancer Previously Treated With Chemo-radiotherapy: A Single-center Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
ANTONIO BRESCIA ◽  
EDOARDO MARIA MUTTILLO ◽  
ILARIA ANGELICONE ◽  
ISABELLA MADAFFARI ◽  
FEDERICO MAGGI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Previously Treated
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