Pulmonary Hypertension in a Premature Infant With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Abstract Background Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a congenital pulmonary cystic disease, characterized by overinflation of the pulmonary lobe and compression of the surrounding areas. Most patients with symptoms need an urgent surgical intervention. Caution and alertness for CLE is required in cases of local emphysema on chest X-ray images of extremely premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Case presentation Here, we report a case of premature infant with 27 + 4 weeks of gestational age who suddenly presented with severe respiratory distress at 60 days after birth. Chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) indicated emphysema in the middle lobe of the right lung. The diagnosis of CLE was confirmed by histopathological examinations. Conclusions Although extremely premature infants have high-risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia due to their small gestational age, alertness for CLE is necessary if local emphysema is present. Timely pulmonary CT scan and surgical interventions should be performed to avoid the delay of the diagnosis and treatment.

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Pulmonary hypertension is an important co‐morbidity in developmental lung diseases of infancy: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Pediatric Pulmonology ◽

10.1002/ppul.25258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 670-677

Author(s):

Nidhy Paulose Varghese ◽

Robert H. Tillman ◽

Roberta L. Keller

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽

Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽

Lung Diseases ◽

Co Morbidity

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Sildenafil for pulmonary hypertension complicating bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.1586/17512433.2014.922867 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 393-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Varsha Bhatt-Mehta ◽

Steven M Donn

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

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Somatic growth and the risks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension: connecting epidemiology and physiology

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2018-0386 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (3) ◽

pp. 197-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark A. Underwood ◽

Stephen Wedgwood ◽

Satyan Lakshminrusimha ◽

Robin H. Steinhorn

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽

Somatic Growth ◽

Postnatal Growth ◽

Pulmonary Complications ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Extreme Prematurity ◽

Poor Growth ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Poor Nutrition

In the premature infant, poor growth in utero (fetal growth restriction) and in the first weeks of life (postnatal growth restriction) are associated with increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension. In this review, we summarize the epidemiologic data supporting these associations, present a novel rodent model of postnatal growth restriction, and review 5 promising mechanisms by which poor nutrition may affect the developing lung. These observations support the hypothesis that nutritional and (or) pharmacologic interventions early in life may be able to decrease risk of the pulmonary complications of extreme prematurity.

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