In vitro and in vivo differentiation of amniotic epithelial stem cells into hepatocyte-like cells

Placenta ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. S336
Author(s):  
F. Marongiu ◽  
R. Gramignoli ◽  
S. Doratiotto ◽  
M. Serra ◽  
M. Sini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Differentiation

In vitro and in vivo differentiation of boundary cap neural crest stem cells into mature Schwann cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 198 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge B. Aquino ◽  
Jens Hjerling-Leffler ◽  
Martin Koltzenburg ◽  
Thomas Edlund ◽  
Marcelo J. Villar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Neural Crest Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Differentiation

scholarly journals Comparison of Chondral Defects Repair with In Vitro and In Vivo Differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 823-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Fan ◽  
Haifeng Liu ◽  
Rui Zhu ◽  
Xusheng Li ◽  
Yuming Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
Chondral Defects ◽  
In Vivo Differentiation ◽  
Repair Group

The purpose of this study was to compare chondral defects repair with in vitro and in vivo differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). A novel PLGA-gelatin/chondroitin/hyaluronate (PLGA-GCH) hybrid scaffold with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-impregnated microspheres (MS-TGF) was fabricated to mimic the extracellular matrix. MS-TGF showed an initial burst release (22.5%) and a subsequent moderate one that achieved 85.1% on day 21. MSCs seeded on PLGA-GCH/MS-TGF or PLGA-GCH were incubated in vitro and showed that PLGA-GCH/MS-TGF significantly augmented proliferation of MSCs and glycosaminoglycan synthesis compared with PLGA-GCH. Then MSCs seeded on PLGA-GCH/MS-TGF were implanted and differentiated in vivo to repair chondral defect on the right knee of rabbit (in vivo differentiation repair group), while the contralateral defect was repaired with in vitro differentiated MSCs seeded on PLGA-GCH (in vitro differentiation repair group). The histology observation demonstrated that in vivo differentiation repair showed better chondrocyte morphology, integration, and subchondral bone formation compared with in vitro differentiation repair 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively, although there was no significant difference after 6 weeks. The histology grading score comparison also demonstrated the same results. The present study implies that in vivo differentiation induced by PLGA-GCH/MS-TGF and the host microenviroment could keep chondral phenotype and enhance repair. It might serve as another way to induce and expand seed cells in cartilage tissue engineering.

In vitro and in vivo differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in the cardiomyocyte direction

2006 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Kruglyakov ◽  
I. B. Sokolova ◽  
N. N. Zin’kova ◽  
S. K. Viide ◽  
G. V. Aleksandrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Differentiation

scholarly journals Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG protects the intestinal epithelium from radiation injury through release of lipoteichoic acid, macrophage activation and the migration of mesenchymal stem cells

Gut ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1003-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence E Riehl ◽  
David Alvarado ◽  
Xueping Ee ◽  
Aaron Zuckerman ◽  
Lynn Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Tlr2 Agonist ◽  
Cox 2

ObjectiveLactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), a probiotic, given by gavage is radioprotective of the mouse intestine. LGG-induced radioprotection is toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-dependent and is associated with the migration of COX-2+mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the lamina propria of the villus to the lamina propria near the crypt epithelial stem cells. Our goals were to define the mechanism of LGG radioprotection including identification of the TLR2 agonist, and the mechanism of the MSC migration and to determine the safety and efficacy of this approach in models relevant to clinical radiation therapy.DesignIntestinal radioprotection was modelled in vitro with cell lines and enteroids as well as in vivo by assaying clinical outcomes and crypt survival. Fractionated abdominal and single dose radiation were used along with syngeneic CT26 colon tumour grafts to assess tumour radioprotection.ResultsLGG with a mutation in the processing of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a TLR2 agonist, was not radioprotective, while LTA agonist and native LGG were. An agonist of CXCR4 blocked LGG-induced MSC migration and LGG-induced radioprotection. LGG given by gavage induced expression of CXCL12, a CXCR4 agonist, in pericryptal macrophages and depletion of macrophages by clodronate liposomes blocked LGG-induced MSC migration and radioprotection. LTA effectively protected the normal intestinal crypt, but not tumours in fractionated radiation regimens.ConclusionsLGG acts as a ‘time-release capsule’ releasing radioprotective LTA. LTA then primes the epithelial stem cell niche to protect epithelial stem cells by triggering a multicellular, adaptive immune signalling cascade involving macrophages and PGE2 secreting MSCs.Trial registration numberNCT01790035; Pre-results.

scholarly journals Hairless is a nuclear receptor corepressor essential for skin function

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. nrs.07010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Skin Function

The activity of nuclear receptors is modulated by numerous coregulatory factors. Corepressors can either mediate the ability of nuclear receptors to repress transcription, or can inhibit transactivation by nuclear receptors. As we learn more about the mechanisms of transcriptional repression, the importance of repression by nuclear receptors in development and disease has become clear. The protein encoded by the mammalian Hairless (Hr) gene was shown to be a corepressor by virtue of its functional similarity to the well-established corepressors N-CoR and SMRT. Mutation of the Hr gene results in congenital hair loss in both mice and men. Investigation of Hairless function both in vitro and in mouse models in vivo has revealed a critical role in maintaining skin and hair by regulating the differentiation of epithelial stem cells, as well as a putative role in regulating gene expression via chromatin remodeling.

In Vitro and In Vivo Differentiation of Progenitor Stem Cells Obtained After Mechanical Digestion of Human Dental Pulp

2016 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Monti ◽  
Antonio Graziano ◽  
Silvana Rizzo ◽  
Cesare Perotti ◽  
Claudia Del Fante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Human Dental Pulp ◽  
In Vivo Differentiation

scholarly journals Isolation, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo differentiation of putative thecal stem cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (30) ◽  
pp. 12389-12394 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Honda ◽  
M. Hirose ◽  
K. Hara ◽  
S. Matoba ◽  
K. Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Differentiation

scholarly journals Bacterial infection drives trained immunity through epigenetic remodeling of epithelial stem cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Hultgren ◽  
Seongmi Russell ◽  
Hyung Joo Lee ◽  
Benjamin Olson ◽  
Jonathan Livny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Caspase 1

Abstract Recurrent bacterial infections are a major health burden worldwide, yet the mechanisms dictating host susceptibility to recurrence are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that an initial bacterial infection of the urinary bladder with uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) can induce sustained epigenetic changes in the bladder epithelial (urothelial) stem cells that reprogram the differentiated urothelium. We established urothelial stem cell (USC) lines from isogenic mice with different urinary tract infection histories (naïve, chronic or self-resolving). Differentiation of the USC lines in Transwell culture resulted in polarized urothelial cultures that recapitulated distinct remodeling morphologies seen in vivo. In addition, we discovered differences in chromatin accessibility that segregated by disease history, resulting in differences in gene expression upon differentiation of the USC lines in vitro, based on ATAC-seq analysis of the USC lines. Differential basal expression of Caspase-1 led to divergent susceptibilities to inflammatory cell death upon UPEC infection. In mice with a history of chronic infection, enhanced caspase 1-mediated inflammatory cell death was found to be a protective response that enhanced bacterial clearance upon challenge infection. Thus, UPEC infection reshapes the epigenome leading to epithelial-intrinsic remodeling that trains the mucosal immune response to subsequent infection. These findings may have broad implications for the prevention of chronic/recurrent bacterial infections.

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