scholarly journals Exploring the Role of Cortical Reorganization in Postamputation Phantom Phenomena, Including Phantom Limb Pain in Lower Limb Amputees: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Patterns of Referral of Sensations into the Phantom

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cliff Richardson ◽  
Nicola Olleveant ◽  
Kath Crawford ◽  
Jai Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Limb Amputees

scholarly journals Characterisation of Phantom Limb Pain in Traumatic Lower-Limb Amputees

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
André Tadeu Sugawara ◽  
Marcel Simis ◽  
Felipe Fregni ◽  
Linamara Rizzo Battistella
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Pain Descriptors ◽  
Lower Limb Amputees

Introduction. There is no diagnosis for phantom limb pain (PLP), and its investigation is based on anamnesis, which is subject to several biases. Therefore, it is important to describe and standardize the diagnostic methodology for PLP. Objective. To characterise PLP and, secondarily, to determine predictors for its diagnosis. Methodology. This is a cross-sectional study involving patients with unilateral traumatic lower-limb amputation aged over 18 years. Those with clinical decompensation or evidence of disease, trauma, or surgery in the central or peripheral nervous system were excluded. Sociodemographic and rehabilitative data were collected; PLP was characterised using the visual analogue scale (VAS), pain descriptors, and weekly frequency. Results. A total of 55 eligible patients participated in the study; most were male, young, above-knee amputees in the preprosthetic phase of the rehabilitation. The median PLP VAS was 60 (50–79.3) mm characterised by 13 (6–20) different descriptors in the same patient, which coexist, alternate, and add up to a frequency of 3.94 (2.5–4.38) times per week. The most frequent descriptor was movement of the phantom limb (70.91%). Tingling, numbness, flushing, itchiness, spasm, tremor, and throbbing are statistically significant PLP descriptor numbers per patient predicted by above-knee amputation, prosthetic phase, higher education level, and greater PLP intensity by VAS ( p < 0.05 ). Conclusion. PLP is not a single symptom, but a set with different sensations and perceptions that need directed and guided anamnesis for proper diagnosis.

scholarly journals Efferent retargeting in above-knee amputees is positively related to phantom limb pain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda S. Therrien ◽  
Cortney Howard ◽  
Laurel J. Buxbaum
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Phantom Pain ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Lower Limb Amputees

AbstractMany individuals who undergo limb amputation experience persistent phantom limb pain (PLP). The underlying mechanism of PLP is unknown, but the phenomenon has been associated with reorganization in sensorimotor cortex following amputation. The traditional view is that cortical reorganization degrades the missing limb’s representation. However, recent work suggests that an amputated limb’s cortical representation remains intact and that reorganization reflects a retargeting of efferent projections to residual muscles proximal to the amputation site. Evidence of retargeting has only been shown in individuals with upper limb amputations, and the relationship of retargeting to PLP is controversial. This study assessed retargeting and its relationship to PLP in 10 individuals with lower limb amputations. We recorded electromyographic (EMG) activity in a residual thigh muscle (vastus lateralis, VL) in patients with above-knee amputations during cyclical movements of the foot. VL activity on the amputated side was compared to that recorded on patients’ intact side while they moved their phantom and intact feet, respectively. VL activity in the patient group was also compared to VL activity from a sample of 9 control participants with no amputation. We show that phantom foot movement is associated with greater VL activity in the amputated leg than that seen in the intact leg as well as that exhibited by controls. The magnitude of residual VL activity was also positively related to ratings of PLP. These results provide the first support for retargeting in lower limb amputees and suggest that retargeting is related to the experience of phantom pain.New and NoteworthyPrevious work has only examined retargeting in upper limb amputees. This study provides evidence for retargeting in lower limb amputees and suggests that retargeting is related to phantom limb pain.

Energy Expenditure and Walking Speed in Lower Limb Amputees: a Cross Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teuta Vllasolli ◽  
Beti Zafirova ◽  
Nikola Orovcanec ◽  
Anastasika Poposka ◽  
Ardiana Murtezani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Limb Amputees

Evaluation of disabilities and activities of daily living of war-related bilateral lower extremity amputees

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad H Ebrahimzadeh ◽  
Ali Moradi ◽  
Shahram Bozorgnia ◽  
Mohammad Hallaj-Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bilateral Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Amputees

Background:Long-term consequences and the activities of daily living of bilateral lower limb amputation are not well documented.Objectives:The aims of our study were to identify the long-term effects of bilateral lower extremity amputations on daily activities and understand how these amputees cope with their mobility assistive devices.Study design:Cross-sectional study.Methods:A total of 291 veterans with war bilateral lower limb amputations accepted to participate in a cross-sectional study.Results:The average of follow-up was 25.4 years. A total of 152 amputees (54%) were involved in sports averagely 6.7 h per week. Bilateral amputees walk 10 m by the average of 15 ± 33 s, and they could walk continuously with their prosthesis 315 ± 295 m. They wore their prosthesis 6.8 ± 1.7 days per week and 7.9 ± 8.1 h per day. Of these, 6.7% of bilateral lower limb amputees needed help to wear their prosthesis; 88.3% of amputees used assistant device for walking. According to this survey, 73 (42%) prostheses in right limb were appropriate, 95 (54.6%) needed to be replaced, and 6 (3.4) needed to be fixed. On the left side, it was 76 (42%), 92 (52.0%), and 9 (5.1%), respectively. A total of 203 (74.9%) amputees reported limitations in at least one domain of the activities of daily living. The most common single item that affected the patients was ascending and descending stairs by the score of 66% of normal population.Conclusion:Veterans with bilateral lower limb amputations suffering from vast categories of daily problems.Clinical relevanceThis study and its results confirm that bilateral lower limb amputees have major progressive disabilities in daily activities and their social performance. This should attract the attention of amputees’ administrative organizations, social workers, health-care providers and caregiver providers.

Quality of Life in Lower-Limb Amputees 10 Years After the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Qian Wang ◽  
Caiyun Chen ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Yimin Tang ◽  
Hongxia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sichuan Earthquake ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Demographic Risk Factors ◽  
Lower Limb Amputees

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcome of quality of life (QOL) in the lower-limb amputees 10 years after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. Methods: In the cross-sectional study, 66 lower-limb amputees were recruited. The prosthetics-related QOL was assessed using the Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) in terms of the scales of utility, appearance, sounds, residual limb health, perceived response, frustration, social burden, ambulation, and well-being. The score of each PEQ subscale was calculated and compared among the cohorts with different demographic characteristics. Results: The PEQ scores showed that the scales of sounds, residual limb health, and frustration were still low in the lower-limb amputees 10 years after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. The comparison of PEQ scales among cohorts with different demographic characteristics indicated that the potential demographic risk factors, namely, age, marital status, educational level, living independence, and comorbidity, were associated with prosthesis-related QOL. Conclusions: The prosthesis-related QOL of the lower-limb amputees 10 years after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake has been partly documented in this study. The potential demographic risk factors associated with QOL of amputees were also identified. These findings could enhance the understanding of prosthesis-related QOL of lower-limb amputees sustained in an earthquake and facilitate the optimization of post-disaster rehabilitation strategies.

Phantom Limb: A Phenomenological Study

1982 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Shukla ◽  
S. C. Sahu ◽  
R. P. Tripathi ◽  
D. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Phantom Limb Pain ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lower Limb Amputees

SummaryPhantom limb phenomena during the post-operative period were studied in 72 amputees. All were right handed. Phantom limb was present in 86.1 per cent of the cases, significantly more commonly following amputation of the right arm. Nearly half of the phantoms developed within the first 24 hours and another quarter in the next 24 hours, appearing earlier in lower limb amputees. Movements in the phantom were felt by three-quarters of the cases, an incidence unaffected by site or side of amputation. Telescopy was present in nearly two-thirds and phantom limb pain in over two-thirds, significantly more commonly in the upper limb amputees but uninfluenced by the side of amputation. Thirty-one of the patients dreamed that their limbs were intact.

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