Enhanced resistance to fungal pathogens in forest trees by genetic transformation of black spruce and hybrid poplar with a Trichoderma harzianum endochitinase gene

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrée Noël ◽  
Caroline Levasseur ◽  
Van Quy Le ◽  
Armand Séguin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Endochitinase Gene

scholarly journals Mutations in Wheat Exhibiting Growth-Stage-Specific Resistance to Biotrophic Fungal Pathogens

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1242-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil H. Smith ◽  
John A. Howie ◽  
Anthony J. Worland ◽  
Rebecca Stratford ◽  
Lesley A. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Dominant Mutation ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
The Third ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Seedling Leaf

Two mutants were isolated in wheat that showed enhanced resistance towards Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the fungal causal agent of yellow rust. The altered phenotype of I3-48 is due to a minimum of two mutation events, each showing a partial, additive effect, with one mutation segregating with a deletion on the long arm of chromosome 4D. In the case of I3-54, the enhanced resistance is due to a single, dominant mutation. In both mutants, the expression of the enhanced resistance is growth-stage specific. With I3-54, the full resistance phenotype is apparent from the third seedling leaf onwards, while with I3-48, a full resistance phenotype is only seen on the tenth and subsequent leaves. In addition to the enhanced resistance towards yellow rust, I3-48 also shows enhanced resistance towards brown rust, and I3-54 shows enhanced resistance to powdery mildew.

scholarly journals Genetic transformation: a short review of methods and their applications, results and perspectives for forest trees

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Jouanin ◽  
ACM Brasileiro ◽  
JC Leplé ◽  
G Pilate ◽  
D Cornu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Forest Trees

scholarly journals Advances and Perspectives of Transgenic Technology and Biotechnological Application in Forest Trees

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyi Yin ◽  
Chun Wang ◽  
Dandan Xiao ◽  
Yanting Liang ◽  
Yanwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Transgenic Technology ◽  
Forest Tree Breeding ◽  
Exogenous Dna ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Gm Trees

Transgenic technology is increasingly used in forest-tree breeding to overcome the disadvantages of traditional breeding methods, such as a long breeding cycle, complex cultivation environment, and complicated procedures. By introducing exogenous DNA, genes tightly related or contributed to ideal traits—including insect, disease, and herbicide resistance—were transferred into diverse forest trees, and genetically modified (GM) trees including poplars were cultivated. It is beneficial to develop new varieties of GM trees of high quality and promote the genetic improvement of forests. However, the low transformation efficiency has hampered the cultivation of GM trees and the identification of the molecular genetic mechanism in forest trees compared to annual herbaceous plants such as Oryza sativa. In this study, we reviewed advances in transgenic technology of forest trees, including the principles, advantages and disadvantages of diverse genetic transformation methods, and their application for trait improvement. The review provides insight into the establishment and improvement of genetic transformation systems for forest tree species. Challenges and perspectives pertaining to the genetic transformation of forest trees are also discussed.

scholarly journals Expression of the Membrane-Associated Resistance Protein RPW8 Enhances Basal Defense Against Biotrophic Pathogens

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 966-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenming Wang ◽  
Alessandra Devoto ◽  
John G. Turner ◽  
Shunyuan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Small Proteins ◽  
Enhanced Resistance

The powdery mildew resistance genes RPW8.1 and RPW8.2 from Arabidopsis differ from the other isolated plant resistance (R) genes in their predicted protein domains and their resistance spectrum. The two homologous RPW8 genes encode small proteins featuring a predicted amino-terminal transmembrane anchor domain and a coiled-coil domain and confer resistance to a broad spectrum of powdery mildews. Here, we show that Arabidopsis plants expressing the RPW8 genes have enhanced resistance to another biotrophic pathogen, Hyaloperonospora parasitica, raising the possibility that the RPW8 genes may function to enhance salicylic-acid-dependent basal defenses, rather than as powdery-mildew-specific R genes. When overexpressed from their native promoters, the RPW8 genes confer enhanced resistance to the Cauliflower mosaic virus, but render plants more susceptible to the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Alternaria and Botrytis spp. Furthermore, we show that the RPW8 proteins appear to be localized to the endomembrane system, overlapping with the endoplasmic reticulum–associated small GTPase SAR1, and accumulate to higher levels in response to application of exogenous salicylic acid, one of the signaling molecules of plant defense.

scholarly journals Genetic Transformation of Forest Trees

10.5772/24354 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo A. ◽  
Araceli Rodriguez-Sahagun ◽  
Gustavo J. ◽  
Luis R.
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Forest Trees

scholarly journals Effects of Water Stress on Colonization of Poplar Stems and Excised Leaf Disks by Septoria musiva

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Maxwell ◽  
E. L. Kruger ◽  
G. R. Stanosz
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Host Condition ◽  
Septoria Musiva ◽  
Canker Development ◽  
Sterile Control ◽  
Leaf Disks

Septoria musiva causes leaf spot and canker diseases of trees in the genus Populus, and is one of the most damaging fungal pathogens of hybrid poplar in eastern North America. The effect of host water stress on Septoria canker development was studied in two separate greenhouse experiments. Hybrid poplar clones NM6, NC11396, and NE308 were stressed by withholding water until predawn water potential fell below −1.0 MPa. Stems were treated by removing a leaf and applying agar plugs that were either colonized by S. musiva (inoculated) or sterile (control) to the wound. Cankers on inoculated water-stressed trees were significantly larger than those on nonstressed trees. A leaf disk assay also was conducted three times with the NM6 and NE308 trees. We cut two disks from each of 120 stressed and 120 well-watered trees, placing them on water agar in 24-well tissue culture plates. A conidial suspension was applied to one disk in each pair and sterile water to the other. Inoculated disks from water-stressed trees developed less necrosis than those from well-watered trees. These results demonstrate that environmental influences on host condition must be considered in evaluating resistance of clones proposed for widespread culture of hybrid poplar.

Genetic Transformation in Forest Trees

1985 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thomas Ledig
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Forest Trees
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