Light and scanning electron microscopy studies on the infection process of melon leaves by Colletotrichum lagenarium

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghong Ge ◽  
David I. Guest
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Colletotrichum Lagenarium ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Infection Process of Fusarium solani f. sp. passiflorae in Seedlings of Passionfruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (159) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Jacobo Robledo-Buriticá ◽  
Carolina Ángel-García ◽  
Jairo Castaño-Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Se realizó microscopía electrónica de barrido ambiental (ESEM) en plántulas de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) inoculadas con Fusarium solani f. sp. passiflorae (teleomorfo: Haematonectria haematococca) agente causal de la secadera. Las inoculaciones se realizaron cada 24 h hasta el séptimo día y hasta el día quince el intervalo fue de 72 h. El aislamiento en medio de papa (PDA) se colocó sobre el cuello de la raíz mediante la metodología de cribado en tubos de ensayo modificada. La superficie del cuello, tallo, hojas y secciones longitudinales del cuello y tallo fueron observadas. Después de 24 h de la inoculación, se observaron conidios y micelio denso septado sobre la epidermis del tallo y el cuello e hipertrofia y degradación de la pared celular de los tejidos vasculares. Al quinto día se formaron macroconidios a partir de monofiálides en el micelio aéreo en el tallo. Diez días después, las células del xilema y médula del cuello fueron colonizadas por hifas, esporodoquios maduros e inclusiones. La colonización de las estomas por las hifas comenzó seis días después de la inoculación y trece días después de la inoculación se observaron monofiálides con microconidios in situ sobre la superficie foliar. Basados en la evidencia y estudios previos, la colonización interna por hifas de F. solani f. sp. passiflorae se concentra en el área del cuello y los daños de las células indican una actividad enzimática extracelular del hongo. El periodo de incubación y latencia de F. solani f. sp. passiflorae fue de 1,4 y 4 días, respectivamente. © 2017. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.

scholarly journals Characterization of the infection process by Peronospora belbahrii on basil by scanning electron microscopy

Heliyon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e01117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guirong Zhang ◽  
Arthur Thompson ◽  
David Schisler ◽  
Eric T. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

Transmission and scanning electron microscope observations on the trapping of nematodes by Dactylaria Candida

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (23) ◽  
pp. 2963-2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Dowsett ◽  
J. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Aphelenchus Avenae ◽  
Dactylaria Candida ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

The host–predator relationship of the myceliophagous nematode Aphelenchus avenae Bastian and the predaceous hyphomycete Dactylaria Candida (Nees) Sacc. was investigated using scanning electron microscopy of whole-mount preparations and transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin resin (Spurr) sections. Trapping knobs and knobs with associated hyphae were found to be effective nematode-trapping agents. The ultrastructure of the trapping apparatus and of the nematodes and hyphae during the infection process is reported herein, as is the phenomenon of postinfection 'breakout.' Nonconstricting rings were not observed during this study.

A combined cryo-scanning electron microscopy/cryoplaning approach to study the infection of Meloidogyne incognita eggs by Pochonia chlamydosporia

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1059-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa H. Manzanilla-López ◽  
Jean Devonshire ◽  
Elaine Ward ◽  
Penny R. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Minimal Processing ◽  
Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽  
Temperature Scanning ◽  
Scanning Electron

The fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia is a saprophytic soil-dwelling fungus and is also a parasite of the eggs of the root-knot plant-parasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Studies on its molecular characterisation, diversity, tritrophic interactions and ecology have been carried out. However, to elucidate the role in soil and rhizosphere ecology of this and other nematophagous fungi used in biological control, and to enhance their exploitation, it is necessary to improve the understanding of the biology and fungus-nematode infection process using different approaches, including microscopy. Low-temperature Scanning Electron Microscopy (cryo-SEM) techniques allow the examination of frozen, fully hydrated samples that can reveal important ultrastructural features occurring through fungus-nematode interactions. A method that combined cryo-SEM with cryoplaning was developed to examine samples of eggs, gelatinous matrix and females of Meloidogyne incognita colonised by P. chlamydosporia. The fungal samples were produced in potato dextrose agar to which different nematode stages were added and processed for cryo-SEM and cryoplaning within a period of 0-72 h post inoculation. The method was found to be rapid and economical, provided clear and detailed external images of the infection process and allowed viewing of sections through structures with minimal processing in comparison to other cryo-SEM techniques and it could be adapted to study other fungus-nematode interactions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the infection process by Lecanicillium fungicola in Agaricus bisporus by scanning electron microscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaira Santana Nunes ◽  
Manuela Rocha de Brito ◽  
Diego Cunha Zied ◽  
Eloisa Aparecida das Graças Leite ◽  
Eustáquio Souza Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals Morphological analyses of Pseudoidium anacardii infecting brazilian cashew plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olienaide Ribeiro de Oliveira Pinto ◽  
Celli Rodrigues Muniz ◽  
José Emilson Cardoso ◽  
Francisca Samara Assunção de Oliveira ◽  
Joilson Silva Lima
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Entire Surface ◽  
Plant Organs ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT Pseudoidium anacardii has emerged as a serious threat to cashew crops in Brazil, where a considerable decrease in production has been attributed to this fungus. This work describes the morphology of the fungus involved in the infection process of Brazilian cashew cultivars to establish differences related to the severity of the disease. Symptomatic and asymptomatic plants of six different cashew cultivars had their leaves or flowers collected and processed for scanning electron microscopy. For the flowers, massive aggregates of erect conidiophores were observed growing side by side on the petals or inserted among the sepal hairs for all cultivars, except cultivar ‘BRS 253’. For the leaves, mycelia covered their entire surface, and appressoria were well developed, multilobed, opposite in pairs or single, and deeply penetrated the epidermis. The asymptomatic leaves of the cultivar ‘BRS 189’ were fully covered by mycelium and conidiophores. These findings provide important information for the early detection of a fungal disease epidemic, which is important for monitoring its spread. The cultivars ‘CCP 76’ and ‘BRS 189’ presented infected flowers and leaves, but only the inflorescences were attacked in other genotypes. We suggest that variability in the anatomy of the cashew plant organs may be involved in plant mechanisms of defence, and this information can be employed in a cashew breeding programme.

Effects of fungal parasites on cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) from naturally infested soil—a scanning electron microscopy study

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Lopez-Llorca ◽  
G. H. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Fungal Parasites ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of fungal endoparasites, attacking the eggs of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae, and details of the infection process were studied by low-temperature scanning electron microscopy. Some female nematodes, even young ones containing no eggs, were colonized by fungi. Spores and hyphae similar to those of Nematophthora gynophila were found in infected specimens. Fungi colonized both roots and nematodes. In early stages of infection, fungi developed within the female nematode between the organs, presumably using the female's body as a food source. In some immature females, the fungi appeared to have destroyed the uterus. In old females, appressoria of Verticillium spp., including V. chlamydosporium, penetrated the eggs they contained and progressively destroyed their contents until the egg shell was filled with hyphae and spores. Only rarely were second-stage juveniles within eggs infected by these fungi. Fungal infection of eggs, which arrests their development at an early stage, therefore occurs predominantly in females rather than in newly formed cysts. Key words: Heterodero avenae, fungal parasites, naturally infested soil, scanning electron microscopy.

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