Optimisation of oil palm ash as reinforcement in natural rubber vulcanisation: A comparison between silica and carbon black fillers

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Xian Ooi ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Azhar Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Ash

Utilization of oil palm ash as an reinforcing filler in natural rubber biocomposites

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutarat Malawet ◽  
Methakarn Jarnthong ◽  
Punyanich Intharapat ◽  
Lusheng Liao ◽  
Fuquan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Ash ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Compounds with Oil palm boiler ash and Carbon Black as a Filler

2020 ◽  
Vol 1428 ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
N. Bukit ◽  
E.M. Ginting ◽  
E. Sidebang ◽  
E. Frida ◽  
B.F. Bukit
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Boiler Ash

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Ultra-Fine Oil Palm Ash Powder by Ultrasonication and Alkaline Treatment for Its Evaluation as Reinforcing Filler in Natural Rubber

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Methakarn Jarnthong ◽  
Chutarat Malawet ◽  
Lusheng Liao ◽  
Puwang Li ◽  
Zheng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Oil Palm Ash

Ultra-fine oil palm ash (OPA) particles were successfully prepared using ultrasonication along with optimal chemical deagglomeration. The influence of chemical treatment by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution on the OPA particles was found to be an important factor in enhancing deagglomeration efficiency. The average particle size of the original OPA (41.651 μm) decreased remarkably more than 130 times (0.318 μm) with an obvious increase of Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) surface area after treating the OPA with 3M NaOH, followed by ultrasonication for 30 min. The changes in particle size and surface morphology were investigated using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the chemical functional groups of the untreated and treated OPA showed different patterns of infrared spectra by the presence of sodium carbonate species owing to the effect of NaOH treatment. The incorporation of both untreated and treated OPA in natural rubber by increasing their loading can improve cure characteristics (i.e., reducing optimum cure time and increasing torques) and cure kinetic parameters (i.e., increasing the rate of cure and reducing activation energy). Nevertheless, the strength, degree of reinforcement, and thermal stability of treated OPA as well as wettability between treated OPA particles and NR were greater than that resulting from the untreated OPA.

Characterization of oil palm ash (OPA) and thermal properties of OPA-filled natural rubber compounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Xian Ooi ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Azhar Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Oil Palm Ash

Chemically modified oil palm ash-filled natural rubber composites and its properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-697
Author(s):  
Zhong Xian Ooi ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Azhar Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Natural Rubber Composites ◽  
Oil Palm Ash

Synergistic effect of oil palm ash filled natural rubber compound at low filler loading

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Xian Ooi ◽  
H. Ismail ◽  
A. Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Oil Palm Ash
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