Effect of expandable graphite on polyester resin-based intumescent flame retardant coating

The intumescent flame retardant ethylene–propylene–diene rubber (EPDM) was prepared using intumescent flame retardant (IFR), including ammonium polyphosphate (APP) /pentaerythrotol (PER) and expandable graphite (EG), as the flame retardant agent. The effects of IFR and EG on the flame retardancy, fire behavior, and thermal stability of the EPDM were investigated. The results show that IFR and EG have excellent synergistic flame retardant effects. When the mass ratio of IFR to EG is 3:1 and the total addition content is 40 phr, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the EPDM material (EPDM/IFR/EG) can reach 30.4%, and it can pass a V-0 rating in the vertical combustion (UL-94) test. Meanwhile, during the cone calorimetry test, the heat release rate and total heat release of EPDM/IFR/EG are 69.0% and 33.3% lower than that of the pure EPDM, respectively, and the smoke release of the material also decreases significantly, suggesting that the sample shows good fire safety. In addition, the flame retardant mechanism of IFR and EG is systematically investigated by thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG-IR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results indicate that IFR and EG have only physical interaction. Moreover, the reason why IFR exhibits a poor flame retardant effect in EPDM materials is explained.

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A mussel-inspired intumescent flame-retardant unsaturated polyester resin system

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry ◽

10.1007/s10973-019-08246-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 138 (2) ◽

pp. 1097-1106 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ming Gao ◽

Yuxin Wang ◽

Xuexi Chen ◽

Hao Wang

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Polyester Resin ◽

Unsaturated Polyester ◽

Unsaturated Polyester Resin ◽

Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽

Resin System

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The Synergistic Effect of Ionic Liquid-Modified Expandable Graphite and Intumescent Flame-Retardant on Flame-Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13143095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 3095 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yongjun Chen ◽

Yuanfang Luo ◽

Xiaohui Guo ◽

Lijuan Chen ◽

Demin Jia

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Ionic Liquid ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Polyurethane Foams ◽

Molecular Structures ◽

Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽

Expandable Graphite ◽

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism ◽

Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽

Synergistic Flame Retardant

In this study, a nitrogen–phosphorus intumescent flame-retardant 3-(N-diphenyl phosphate) amino propyl triethoxy silane (DPES), the ionic liquid (IL) of 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazole phosphate, and a phosphorous-containing ionic liquid-modified expandable graphite (IL-EG), were synthesized, and their molecular structures were characterized. The flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were compounded with synergistic flame-retardant IL-EG/DPES to study the effects of the combination IL-EG and DPES on the pore structure, mechanical properties, thermal decomposition behavior and thermal decomposition mechanism of RPUF. The results showed that IL-EG/DPES had good thermal stability, and an excellent expansibility and char yield. The flame-retardant RPUF, modified with IL-EG and DPES at the ratio of 1:1, had a relatively uniform pore size, the highest compressive strength, and an excellent flame-retardant performance due to the form interwoven hydrogen bonds between IL-EG and DPES, as well as the new synergistic flame-retardant coating on the RPUF surface to restrict the transfer of gas or heat into the PU matrix.

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