Cuticular wax of mandarin fruit promotes conidial germination and germ tube elongation, and impairs colony expansion of the green mold pathogen, Penicillium digitatum

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 111296
Author(s):  
Mo Zhu ◽  
Jie Ji ◽  
Menglei Wang ◽  
Miao Zhao ◽  
Ying Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Tube ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Cuticular Wax ◽  
Green Mold ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

scholarly journals Saprophytic microorganisms with potential for biological control of Botrytis cinerea on Geraldton waxflower flowers

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Beasley ◽  
D. C. Joyce ◽  
L. M. Coates ◽  
A. H. Wearing
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Flower Abscission ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

Saprophytic bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi were isolated from Geraldton waxflower flowers and screened to identify potential antagonism towards Botrytis cinerea. Isolates from other sources (e.g. avocado) were also tested. Isolates were initially screened in vitro for inhibition of B. cinerea conidial germination, germ tube elongation and mycelial growth. The most antagonistic bacteria, yeasts and fungi were selected for further testing on detached waxflower flowers. Conidia of the pathogen were mixed with conidia or cells of the selected antagonists, co-inoculated onto waxflower flowers, and the flowers were sealed in glass jars and incubated at 20˚C. The number of days required for the pathogen to cause flower abscission was determined. The most antagonistic bacterial isolate, Pseudomonas sp. 677, significantly reduced conidial germination and retarded germ tube elongation of B. cinerea. None of the yeast or fungal isolates tested was found to significantly reduce conidial germination or retard germ tube elongation, but several significantly inhibited growth of B. cinerea. Fusarium sp., Epicoccum sp. and Trichoderma spp. were the most antagonistic of these isolates. Of the isolates tested on waxflower, Pseudomonas sp. 677 was highly antagonistic towards B. cinerea and delayed waxflower abscission by about 3 days. Trichoderma harzianum also significantly delayed flower abscission. However, as with most of the fungal antagonists used, inoculation of waxflower flowers with this isolate resulted in unsightly mycelial growth.

scholarly journals Bacillus cereusHS24 Suppresses Conidia Germination ofMagnaporthe oryzaeby Inhibiting the Ca2+Signaling Pathway

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Huang ◽  
Xingyu Liu ◽  
Xiaosi Zhou ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Phenotypic Change ◽  
Conidia Germination ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

AbstractRice yield is greatly reduced due to rice blast, a worldwide multi-cycle fungal disease caused by the ascomyceteMagnaporthe oryzae.Previously,Bacillus cereusHS24 was isolated from rice growing area, which showed a strong bio-control effect onM. oryzae.In order to better exploit it as a bio-control agent, HS24 has been studied for its mechanism of controlling rice blast. Our results showed that conidial germination ofM. oryzaewas significantly inhibited by HS24 suspension,nand the inhibition rate reached to 97.83% at the concentration of 10 CFU/ml. The transcriptional level ofCAMKII, PMC1andCCH1,which are key genes involved in Ca2+signaling pathway, were significantly decreased in HS24-treated conidia. The treatment ofM. oryzaewith Ca2+signaling pathway inhibitors KN-93, Verapamil, and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) significantly reduced conidial germination rate and inhibited germ tube elongation. This inhibition effect was found to be concentration-dependent, similar to the HS24 treatment. By quantifying free Ca2+inM. oryzaeconidia, a significant reduction of intracellular free Ca2+concentration in HS24-treated conidia in comparison to sterile water-treated conidia was found. The addition of exogenous Ca2+did not abolish the inhibitory effect of HS24 on the reduction of intracellular free Ca2+concentration and conidial germination. In conclusion,B. cereusHS24 can inhibit conidial germination by suppressing Ca2+signaling inM. oryzae,and thus offers a great potential as a bio-control agent in rice blast management.ImportanceIn the bio-control of rice blast, most of researches focused on the inhibitory effect of bio-control agents on development ofM. oryzae, including inhibition of conidia germination, germ tube deformity, mycelium growth inhibition, etc, while little work has elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the various phenotypic change inM. oryzae.In order to better exploit HS24 as a potential bio-control agent, we studied the molecular mechanisms underlying the suppression ofB. cereusHS24 onM. oryzaeGuy11, and draw the conclusion that HS24 may inhibit conidia germination and germ tube elongation through inhibiting the Ca2+signaling pathway. In this study, we characterized the morphological and physiological changes ofM. oryzaewhen interacting withB. cereusHS24, and further investgated the responses ofM. oryzaeCa2+signallig pathway to HS24 treatment. Thus we have provided one more piece for theB. cereus/M. oryzaesupression puzzle at the molecular level.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of fungicides and biocontrol agents for efficacy against Neofusicoccum spp that cause dieback of blueberries

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 323-323
Author(s):  
K.M.S. Tennakoon ◽  
H.J. Ridgway ◽  
E.E. Jones ◽  
M.V. Jaspers
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Dual Plate ◽  
Twig Blight ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

Several botryosphaeriaceous species have been reported to cause stem canker twig blight and dieback of blueberries with different Botryosphaeria species reported in different parts of the world This research evaluated nine fungicides for their ability to reduce mycelial growth conidial germination and germ tube elongation of four common and pathogenic botryosphaeriaceous species recovered from New Zealand blueberries Furthermore two biocontrol agents were tested against the same species using dual plate assays Fludioxonil carbendazim flusilazole and tebuconazole were the most effective for inhibition of mycelial growth of three isolates each of Neofusicoccum australe N luteum N parvum and N ribis EC50 values for these fungicides were less than 01 mg ai/litre Carbendazim and iprodione (both EC50 004 mg/litre) were the most effective for reduction of conidial germination of all four species In addition these two fungicides were effective for inhibition of germ tube elongation with mean EC50 values of 004 and 01 mg/litre respectively The biocontrol agents Trichoderma atroviride and Bacillus subtilis reduced mycelial growth of all species tested with a range of macroscopic interactions This study has indicated the most promising fungicides and biocontrol agents for further investigations to protect pruning wounds in blueberries

scholarly journals Pseudomonas Isolates as Potential Biofungicides of Green Mold (Penicillium Digitatum) on Orange Fruit

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
Redouan Qessaoui ◽  
Mariem Zanzan ◽  
Abdelhadi Ajerrar ◽  
Hind Lahmyed ◽  
Ahmed Boumair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Green Mold ◽  
Orange Fruit

scholarly journals Antifungal Efficacy of Plant Oils Containing Thymol and Carvacrol in Controlling Botrytis cinerea, the Causal Agent of Grape (Vitis vinifera) GrayMould

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Zaker M ◽  
Zaker L
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Antifungal Efficacy ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

The efficacy of a large number of plant extracts and essential oils in controlling plant diseases has been proven worldwide. Botrytis cinerea has attacked a wide host range causing severe loss in the field and at storage. In this study the antifungal efficacy of essential oils of three medicinal plants namely wild marjoram (Zataria multifolia), wild savory (perennial) (Satureja mutica) and savory (annual) (Satureja hortensis) possessing these compounds at three concentrations: 50, 100 and 200 ppm were evaluated in controlling the mycelial growth, spore germination and germ tube elongation of B. cinerea. All treatments except savory (annual) essential oil at 50 ppm showed significant differences with the control in inhibiting the mycelial growth as well as spore germination and germ tube elongation of B. cinerea (p=0.01). It was also noted that wild marjoram at 100 ppm and wild savory (perennial) essential oils at 200 ppm could completely (100%) inhibit the growth of the fungus. Essential oils from wild marjoram and wild savory had higher antifungal activity than annual savory. Their suitable formulations could be prepared and used as safe alternatives for controlling moulds of horticultural products during storage. The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 15-24

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