Stress transmission coefficient is a reliable and robust parameter for quantifying powder plasticity

Summary Background Circulating serum sclerostin levels are supposed to give a good estimation of the levels of this negative regulator of bone mass within bone. Most studies evaluating total serum sclerostin found different levels in males compared to females and in older compared to younger subjects. Besides an ELISA detecting total sclerostin an ELISA determining bioactive sclerostin has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate serum levels of bioactive sclerostin in an Austrian population-based cohort. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in 235 healthy subjects. Using the bioactive ELISA assay (Biomedica) bioactive sclerostin levels were evaluated. Results Serum levels of bioactive sclerostin were higher in men than in women (24%). The levels correlated positively with age (r = 0.47). A positive correlation could also be detected with body mass index and bone mineral density. Conclusion Using the ELISA detecting bioactive sclerostin our results are consistent with data in the literature obtained by different sclerostin assays. The determination of sclerostin concentrations in peripheral blood thus appears to be a robust parameter of bone metabolism.

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Representative Transmission Coefficient for Evaluating the Wave Attenuation Performance of 3D Floating Breakwaters in Regular and Irregular Waves

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse9040388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 388

Author(s):

Huu Phu Nguyen ◽

Jeong Cheol Park ◽

Mengmeng Han ◽

Chien Ming Wang ◽

Nagi Abdussamie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transmission Coefficient ◽

Wave Height ◽

Wave Attenuation ◽

Transmitted Wave ◽

Irregular Waves ◽

Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽

Evaluation Approach ◽

Floating Breakwater ◽

Floating Breakwaters ◽

Evaluation Approaches

Wave attenuation performance is the prime consideration when designing any floating breakwater. For a 2D hydrodynamic analysis of a floating breakwater, the wave attenuation performance is evaluated by the transmission coefficient, which is defined as the ratio between the transmitted wave height and the incident wave height. For a 3D breakwater, some researchers still adopted this evaluation approach with the transmitted wave height taken at a surface point, while others used the mean transmission coefficient within a surface area. This paper aims to first examine the rationality of these two evaluation approaches via verified numerical simulations of 3D heave-only floating breakwaters in regular and irregular waves. A new index—a representative transmission coefficient—is then presented for one to easily compare the wave attenuation performances of different 3D floating breakwater designs.

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Robust Parameter Tuning of Antenna Structures by Means of Design Specification Adaptation

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation ◽

10.1109/tap.2021.3083792 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Slawomir Koziel ◽

Anna Pietrenko-Dabrowska

Keyword(s):

Parameter Tuning ◽

Design Specification ◽

Robust Parameter

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Estimation methods to extract complex permittivity from transmission coefficient in the terahertz band

Optical and Quantum Electronics ◽

10.1007/s11082-021-03087-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Chuang Yang ◽

Jian Wang ◽

Cheng Yang

Keyword(s):

Transmission Coefficient ◽

Iterative Algorithm ◽

Complex Permittivity ◽

Free Space ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Extraction Technique ◽

Initial Value ◽

Terahertz Band ◽

Terahertz Frequencies

AbstractIn this paper, the characteristics of the transmission coefficient (S$$_{21}$$ 21 ) measured in free-space at terahertz frequencies are analyzed. The analysis results are used to estimate the permittivity of the material under test, and the estimated permittivity is adopted as an initial-value for the iterative algorithm to extract the complex permittivity of the material from the S$$_{21}$$ 21 . The iterative extraction technique based on the estimation is efficient, while the iterative extraction technique without the estimation is inefficient. Various known materials in the literature are used to validate the technique in the terahertz band.

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