A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF HUMAN FACTORS IN SHIPS DESIGN

Research shows that more than 80% of accidents at sea were caused by human related factors. Some experts implied that less than adequate design is one significant element that may lead to human errors. There are several ways to discover whether a design has considered human factors, i.e., to refer to the design specification, to consult the designers, to conduct a direct observation through a site visit or through a model, to interview the users, or to look into the system that regulates the design. This paper applied a content analysis methodology to explore how human factors have been covered in the design of marine systems. Various documents such as rules, regulations, design guidelines, standards and other texts have been analysed. The results indicate that there are extensive references that cover human factors in designing ships. They are published with different degrees of enforcement, some are prescriptive and some are obligatory but still optional. The topic is developing very rapidly. A more assertive measure is required from the regulators to endorse human factors into implementation.

Visualization and Sound Measurements of Vibration Plate in a Boiling Bubble Resonator

We developed a boiling bubble resonator (BBR) as a new heat transfer enhancement method aided by boiling bubbles. The BBR is a passive device that operates under its own bubble pressure and therefore does not require an electrical source. In the present study, high-speed visualization of the flow motion of the microbubbles spouted from a vibration plate and the plate motion in the BBR was carried out using high-speed LED lighting and high-speed cameras; the sounds in the boiling chamber were simultaneously captured using a hydrophone. The peak point in the spectrum of the motion of the vibration plate and the peak point in the spectrum of the boiling sound were found to be matched near a critical heat-flux state. Therefore, we found that it is important to match the BBR vibration frequency to the condensation cycle of the boiling bubble as its own design specification for the BBR.

Design Specification for Network Fault Diagnosis System

As the network becomes more and more complex and heterogeneous, the problem of network management becomes more and more prominent. The research and application of network management is of great significance for ensuring the normal operation of network and improving the reliability and availability of network system. The main problems of network management are network configuration, failure, performance, security, planning and scaling, etc. On the basis of in-depth research and discussion on network management and fault management, this paper designs the system requirements of network fault diagnosis system.

Analysis on Mechanical Behavior of Typical Asphalt Pavement Structure based on the Tire Load Effect

Further development of modern science and technology has made more science and technology technologies used in the modern social and life practice, and much more is this with the road construction. National development cannot be separate from the convenient traffic facilities, and in the current stage, the asphalt pavement design specification in China requires the road construction by simulating the force of the vehicle on the pavement structure with the round uniformly distributed load under the supposition of continuous interlayer pavement structure. However, as time goes on, the disadvantages of such design specification have gradually exposed, in which different materials, construction schedule and weather conditions will result in the significant difference in the asphalt pavement construction, thus resulting in weak interlayer viscous structure of the pavement, and finally causing the road subsidence and cracking. For this reason, this article has analyzed the mechanical behavior of typical asphalt pavement structure on the basis of explaining the influencing factors of the tire on typical asphalt pavement pressure under the tire load effect, with the expectation that there will be more professional construction of the asphalt pavement.

Design and Prototyping Single-Phase Inverter with Arduino Nano

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">Across the year, the needs of Indonesians in the use of electronic equipment are increasing, which results in higher electricity usage. Because most of the electricity load uses AC power, in the application of a DC power source such as solar cells, an inverter that converts DC to AC power is needed. Therefore, the inverter is one of the tools that are widely developed in power electronics. The output voltage from simulation and real hardware is a sine wave with some distortion due to lack of filter; therefore, there occurs a harmonic. The voltage and frequency were also measured with a multimeter. The result shows that both voltage and frequency are closed to the design specification which is 220V 50Hz with the voltage and frequency difference of 1.09% and 0.4%, respectively.</span></p>

Developing the Chemistry of Colloidal Cu Nanocrystals to Advance the CO2 Electrochemical Reduction

The ability to tailor make materials with atomic scale precision is crucial for understanding the sensitivities of their performance parameters and for achieving the design specification corresponding to optimal device operation. Herein, this topic is discussed in the context of catalysis. The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) holds the promise to close the carbon cycle by storing renewable energies in chemical feedstocks, yet it suffers from the lack of efficient and selective catalysts. This article highlights how colloidal chemistry can contribute to tackle this compelling issue by designing shape-controlled nanocatalysts. In particular, two case studies relative to copper nanocrystals are discussed.