Background:
Host, vector, and culture conditions (including cultivation media) are considered among
the three main elements contributing to a successful production of recombinant proteins. Accordingly, one of the
most common hosts to produce recombinant therapeutic proteins is Escherichia coli.
Methodology:
A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify important factors affecting production
of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli.
Results:
Escherichia coli is taken into account as the easiest, quickest, and cheapest host with a fully known
genome. Thus, numerous modifications have been carried out on Escherichia coli to optimize it as a good candidate
for protein expression and; as a result, several engineered strains of Escherichia coli have been designed. In
general; host strain, vector, and cultivation parameters are recognized as crucial ones determining success of
recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli. In this review, the role of host, vector, and culture conditions
along with current pros and cons of different types of these factors leading to success of recombinant protein
expression in Escherichia coli were discussed.
Conclusion:
Successful protein expression in Escherichia coli necessitates a broad knowledge about physicochemical
properties of recombinant proteins, selection among common strains of Escherichia coli and vectors, as
well as factors related to media including time, temperature, and inducer.
Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli: advances and challenges
