We provide information about two species, <em>Pilosella bauhinii</em> and <em>P. cymosa</em> subsp. <em>vaillantii</em> (Asteraceae), from new localities in north-central Poland (ATPOL DC18). All individuals of both species grew on a railway embankment in Górzno-Lidzbark Landscape Park. The ecological preferences for <em>P. cymosa</em> and <em>P. bauhinii</em> estimated according to average Ellenberg values nearly coincided with the original description of Ellenberg. We also sequenced the barcode marker, plastid <em>trnH-psbA</em> intergenic spacer, for two individuals of <em>P. bauhinii</em>, three specimens of <em>P. cymosa</em> subsp. <em>vaillantii</em>, and additionally two individuals of <em>P. officinarum</em> L. and one <em>H. murorum</em> L. growing in close proximity. A pairwise comparison of <em>trnH-psbA</em> sequences showed that each species has a unique haplotype. Taking into account their morphological coherence, it is possible that both <em>P. bauhinii</em> and <em>P. cymosa</em> have not hybridized yet, at least locally, with the more abundant species (e.g., <em>P. officinarum</em>). A search for reference sequences did not provide additional information because of the low quality of the reference database for this group in GenBank. Only 14 sequences of <em>trnH-psbA</em> were available with some apparently being misidentified or of low quality. None were identical to sequences of <em>P. cymosa</em> subsp. <em>vaillantii</em> and <em>P. bauhinii</em> found in this study.