scholarly journals The impact of religion and culture on Medically Assisted Reproduction in the Middle East and Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.I. Serour ◽  
A.G. Serour
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Medically Assisted Reproduction ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Cancer Risk in Children and Young Adults (Offspring) Born after Medically Assisted Reproduction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

J ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-448
Author(s):  
Manuela Chiavarini ◽  
Andrea Ostorero ◽  
Giulia Naldini ◽  
Roberto Fabiani
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Medically Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

Many studies have investigated the relationship between medically assisted reproduction (MAR) and health outcomes, particularly cancer, in the offspring. This meta-analysis investigated the association between MAR and childhood cancer. Data sources were PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up until June 2018. From the selected studies, we extracted the cancer risk estimates of the exposure of interest (MAR, assisted reproductive technology—ART, and in fitro fertilization—IVF). We conducted the meta-analysis using a random effects model. The outcomes of interest were childhood cancers, classified according to the international classification of childhood cancer (ICCC-3). In our meta-analysis (18 cohort and 15 case-control studies) the overall cancer risk was significantly increased in children conceived by MAR, ART, or IVF. MAR and ART significantly increased the risk for hematological tumors, hepatic tumors, and sarcomas (odds ratio (OR) 1.54; 95% CI 1.18–2.02 and OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.34–2.74, respectively). MAR increased acute myeloid leukemia risk (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.02–1.95) and ART increased neural cancer risk (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.01–1.46). Our results suggest an increased risk of cancer in children conceived by MAR. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of fertility treatments, parental subfertility status, and their association on health outcomes in the offspring.

Stress and the impact on the outcome of medically assisted reproduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Geisler ◽  
Sarah Meaney ◽  
John Waterstone ◽  
Keelin O’Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Medically Assisted Reproduction ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Well-being of children born after medically assisted reproduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Goisis ◽  
Mikko Myrskylä
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Single Embryo Transfer ◽  
Medically Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The increasing number and proportion of children born after medically assisted reproduction (MAR) has raised concerns and motivated research about the impact of MAR on the well-being and development of children. Objective We summarize existing studies on the well-being and development of children conceived through MAR. Materials and methods Review of existing studies. Results Children conceived through MAR are at increased risk of adverse birth outcomes such as low birthweight and preterm delivery compared to naturally conceived children. The higher rates of multiple births amongst MAR-conceived children continue to represent an important driving factor behind these disparities. Reassuringly, elective single embryo transfer (eSET)—which is associated with more favourable pregnancy outcomes among MAR-conceived children—is becoming more common. Despite the early life health disadvantages, the evidence on later life outcomes such as physical, cognitive and psychosocial development is generally reassuring. On average, MAR-conceived children show similar or better outcomes than naturally conceived children. The selected and advantaged socioeconomic characteristics of parents who conceive through MAR are likely to play an important role in explaining why, on average, MAR-conceived children perform better than naturally conceived children—particularly in terms of cognitive outcomes. In contrast, there is some evidence pointing to potentially increased risks of mental health problems among MAR-conceived children. Conclusion There is need for continued monitoring and longer follow-up studies on the well-being of these children in order to better understand whether their outcomes are similar to or different from those of naturally conceived children, and, if so, why.

scholarly journals Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infected pregancies after medically assisted reproduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Baris Ata ◽  
Luca Gianaroli ◽  
Kersti Lundin ◽  
Saria Mcheik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Current Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Selective Reporting ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Medically Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Data Registry ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Study question What is the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the outcome of a pregnancy after medically assisted reproduction? Summary answer Our results suggest that medically assisted reproduction (MAR) pregnancies are not differentially affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to spontaneous pregnancies. What is known already Information on the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy after MAR is scarce when women get infected during MAR or early pregnancy, even though such information is vital for informing women seeking pregnancy. Study design, size, duration Data from SARS-CoV-2 affected MAR pregnancies were collected between May 2020 and June 2021 through a voluntary data collection, organised by the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). Participants/materials, setting, methods All ESHRE members were invited to participate to an online data collection for SARS-CoV-2-infected MAR pregnancies. Main results and the role of chance The dataset includes 80 cases from 32 countries, including 67 live births, 10 miscarriages, 2 stillbirths and 1 maternal death. An additional 25pregnancies were ongoing at the time of writing. Limitations, reasons for caution An international data registry based on voluntary contribution can be subject to selective reporting with possible risks of over- or under-estimation. Wider implications of the findings The current data can be used to guide clinical decisions in the care of women pregnant after MAR, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Study funding/competing interest(s) The authors acknowledge the support of ESHRE for the data registry and meetings. JT reports grants or contracts from Sigrid Juselius Foundation, EU and Helsinki University Hospital Funds, outside the scope of the current work. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

The Impact Of Financial Sector Development On Economic Growth In The Middle East And North Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
محمد سعيد محمود بللور ◽  
عامر عبدالفتاح زكريا باكير
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Financial Sector Development ◽  
The Impact

THE DEVELOPMENT OF TAXATION IN THE BIBLE: IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTING, MEASUREMENT, AND COMPUTATION IN THE ANCIENT MIDDLE EAST

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel L. Jose ◽  
Charles K. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Income Taxes ◽  
Property Taxes ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Indirect Taxes ◽  
Special Assessment ◽  
The Impact

This paper traces the development of five taxation types in the Bible — income taxes, property taxes, special assessment taxes, poll taxes (all direct taxes), and indirect taxes. The development of these taxes is discussed within the context of Israel's historical development. The impact of counting, measurement, and computation on the development of taxation is also considered.

The Middle East and Peaceful Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie M. Kacowicz ◽  
Galia Press-Barnathan
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
War Zone ◽  
Arab League ◽  
Arab Israeli Conflict ◽  
Kurdish Question ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Of Analysis

The Middle East is often considered a war zone, and it rarely comes to mind as a region that includes cases of peaceful change. Yet several examples of peaceful change can be identified at different levels of analysis: international, regional, interactive, and domestic. This chapter first critically examines the impact of the broader global/systemic level of analysis on the prospects for peaceful change. It then moves to examine the regional level of analysis, exploring the Kurdish question and the Arab-Israeli conflict as a central axis of change, the role of the Arab League, and the case of the Gulf Cooperation Council. The chapter then examines the interactive, bilateral level of analysis, exploring peaceful territorial change in the context of the Arab-Israeli conflict, with reference to the successful Israeli-Egyptian negotiations of 1977–1979 and the stalled Israeli-Palestinian peace process since 1993. Next, it explores the domestic level of analysis, focusing on domestic politics, the nature of ruling coalitions, and the implications of the domestic turmoil of the Arab Spring. The last section draws conclusions from each level of analysis, with implications about the prospects for peaceful change in the region.

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