Prediction of viscosity of biodiesel blends using various artificial model and comparison with empirical correlations

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 1296-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanzhou Zheng ◽  
Mostafa Safdari Shadloo ◽  
Hossein Nasiri ◽  
Akbar Maleki ◽  
Arash Karimipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Artificial Model

scholarly journals Development of empirical correlations for density and viscosity estimation of ternary biodiesel blends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Mujtaba ◽  
M.A. Kalam ◽  
H.H. Masjuki ◽  
Luqman Razzaq ◽  
Haris Mehmood Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Biodiesel Blends

Engine Performance with Diesel-Biodiesel Blends Fuel and Emission Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5A) ◽  
pp. 779-788
Author(s):  
Marwa N. Kareem ◽  
Adel M. Salih
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Hc Emissions

In this study, the sunflowers oil was utilized as for producing biodiesel via a chemical operation, which is called trans-esterification reaction. Iraqi diesel fuel suffers from high sulfur content, which makes it one of the worst fuels in the world. This study is an attempt to improve the fuel specifications by reducing the sulfur content of the addition of biodiesel fuel to diesel where this fuel is free of sulfur and has a thermal energy that approaches to diesel.20%, 30% and 50% of Biodiesel fuel were added to the conventional diesel. Performance tests and pollutants of a four-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine were performed. The results indicated that the brake thermal efficiency a decreased by (4%, 16%, and 22%) for the B20, B30 and B50, respectively. The increase in specific fuel consumption was (60%, 33%, and 11%) for the B50, B30, and B20 fuels, respectively for the used fuel blends compared to neat diesel fuel. The engine exhaust gas emissions measures manifested a decreased of CO and HC were CO decreased by (13%), (39%) and (52%), and the HC emissions were lower by (6.3%), (32%), and (46%) for B20, B30 and B50 respectively, compared to diesel fuel. The reduction of exhaust gas temperature was (7%), (14%), and (32%) for B20, B30 and B50 respectively. The NOx emission increased with the increase in biodiesel blends ratio. For B50, the raise was (29.5%) in comparison with diesel fuel while for B30 and B20, the raise in the emissions of NOx was (18%) and...

Effects of Sonication Time on the Stability and Viscosity of Functionalized MWCNT-Based Nanolubricants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-654
Author(s):  
Ahmet Selim Dalkilic ◽  
Bedri Onur Küçükyıldırım ◽  
Ayşegül Akdoğan Eker ◽  
Faruk Yıldız ◽  
Altuğ Akpinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Viscosity ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Sonication Time ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Rotary Viscometer ◽  
Functionalized Mwcnts ◽  
Measured Viscosity

Background: Active scholars in the nanofluid field have continuously attempted to remove the associated challenge of the stability of nanofluids via various approaches, such as functionalization and adding a surfactant. After preparing a stable nanofluid, one must measure the properties, as this is vital in the design of thermal systems. Objective: Authors aimed to investigate the stability and viscosity of refrigeration lubrication oilbased nanofluids containing functionalized MWCNTs. The effects of concentration and temperature on viscosity were studied. Furthermore, the present study focused on the effect of sonication time on the stability and viscosity of the prepared samples. Methods: After the preparation of chemically functionalized MWCNTs, solutions were dispersed with an ultrasonic homogenizer for 2, 4 and 8 hours sonication at maximum power. Viscosity measurements for all samples were made 10 minutes after sonication by adjusting the proper spinning velocity using a digital rotary viscometer. Results: The first part deals with the stability of the nanofluid as a nanolubricant, and the second one investigates the viscosity of the nanofluid and the effects of various parameters on it. The last one is related to the validation of the measured viscosity values by means of well-known empirical correlations. The measured data are given for validation issues. Conclusion: The samples will have higher stability by increasing the time of sonication. The viscosity of a nanofluid does not change with the increase of sonication time to two hours and higher. Up to mass concentration of 0.1%, the effective viscosity increases with adding nanotubes linearly.

On the automodel properties of the counter-current regurlarly stacked trickle bed columns

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gierczycki ◽  
Vladimír Staněk ◽  
Petr Vychodil ◽  
Vladimír Jiřičný ◽  
Jerzy Pikoń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
German Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Liquid Velocity ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Hydrodynamic Behaviour ◽  
Trickle Bed ◽  
Counter Current

An approach utilizing the automodel properties in describing the hydrodynamic behaviour of counter-current columns has been extended to regularly stacked beds. Two new kinds of the packing have been investigated: The so-called K-packing, developed in the German Democratic Republic and the Cellular packing, developed in Poland. The results of experiments have been presented in the form of plots of the normalized liquid hold-up, hp, versus the normalized liquid velocity, Ql, and two empirical correlations. A comparison with previous results with randomly packed counter-current trickle bed columns has also been made.

Vibrational spectra of aquadioxotetra; peroxodivanadates(V) M2[V2O2(O2)4(H2O)]·xH2O (M = N(CH3)4, Cs)

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1485-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Schwendt ◽  
Milan Sýkora
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Vibrational Spectra ◽  
Normal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Force Constants ◽  
Infrared And Raman Spectra ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Normal Coordinate ◽  
Bond Lengths ◽  
Stretching Vibrations

The infrared and Raman spectra of M2[V2O2(O2)4(H2O)]·xH2O and M2[V2O2(O2)4(D2O)]·xD2O (M = N(CH3)4, Cs) were measured. In the region of the vanadium-oxygen stretching vibrations, the spectra were interpreted based on normal coordinate analysis, employing empirical correlations between the bond lengths and force constants.

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