scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on household waste flows, diversion and reuse: The case of multi-residential buildings in Toronto, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 105111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ece Ikiz ◽  
Virginia W. Maclaren ◽  
Emily Alfred ◽  
Sayan Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Household Waste

scholarly journals Modelling and simulation of a waste sorting mechatronic system for multi-floor residential buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Liviu-Marian Ungureanu ◽  
Ileana Dugăeşescu ◽  
Elisabeta Niculae
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Mechatronic System ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Storage Model ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Sorting System ◽  
Selective Storage

The paper presents modelling and simulation of a mechatronic sorting system for residential buildings where the “wet” garbage can be used as fuel in an energy generation system. The proposed system can be used for the implementation of a selective storage model in the actual garbage chute system. The proposed system will have five different storage capacities that can be recycled: paper, glass, plastic packaging, metal boxes and organic household waste.

scholarly journals Modeling of fuel combustion in boilers of large and small capacity to reduce the toxicity of combustion products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
E. S. Zheltukhina ◽  
M. V. Pavlova ◽  
M. G. Ziganshin
Keyword(s):  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
The Individual

The issues related to the emission of atmospheric pollutants during the provision of energy supply services and the circulation of household waste in settlements are considered. The ways of air pollution of the residential area with toxic compounds, which are form by the existing methods of heat treatment of waste and during the operation of individual sources of heat supply for residential buildings, are analyzed. The issues of reducing the content of toxic emissions in combustion products are studied based on a numerical experiment using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Furnace processes in the energy boiler TP-14A (E 220/100) and the individual hot water boiler Vitocrossal 200 VIESSMANN are considered. The appropriate boundary conditions for the processes of aerodynamics, heat exchange and combustion of gas fuel have been defined. Numerical researches were carried out based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS), with the closure of the equations using the two-parameter k-ε model. The combustion process was modeled as the transport of reactants Species Transport. The combustion calculations were performed using the Eddy-dissipation model. The scheme of a one-stage oxidation reaction to the final products of CO2 and H2O, the initial gaseous fuel — methane for the VIESSMANN Vitocrossal 200 boiler, and the products of coal dust gasification for the TP-14A boiler was used. The temperature, velocity and concentration fields in the boiler fireboxes have been determined. Based on the results of the calculations performed, the formation of chemical underburning and nitrogen oxides is predicted. The possibilities of numerical modeling of such processes are shown based on new directions in Chemkin modeling technology and the application of the ISAT algorithm. It is noted that they are also promising for modeling the kinetics of combustion processes using household waste as a fuel, but in this area of research, their application is still strongly limited by the computing power of available processors.

scholarly journals Adaptations of the hooded crow (Corvus cornix Linnaeus, 1758) to urban environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Tatyana Borisovna Korotkova ◽  
Nadezhda Yakovlevna Poddubnaya
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Hooded Crow ◽  
Corvus Cornix ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
Hooded Crows

The crow birds are an inalienable component of anthropogenic ecosystems and the most successful species is the hooded crow. The success of a species depends on the conformity of a speed of adaptation process to the change rate in the environment. Organisms, adapting to the new environmental parameters in the city, demonstrate adaptive mechanisms, and can be a model for studying the evolutionary process. The process of urbanization of the hooded crow continues at present in many parts of its range, but the causes and mechanisms of these processes are not fully understood. The tasks of our research included finding out the directions and rates of the hooded crow adaptations to the changing urban environment. The research was conducted in 1997-2018. In Cherepovets, the hooded crow began to adapt to the urban environment in the late 1950s. The fastest rate of adaptations of the species was observed in the last decade. The main adaptive processes of the hooded crow in the urban system were the following: 1) territorial changes - occur at different rates, following changes in the urban development of residential buildings and in the age composition of trees, as well as changes in the culture of household waste collection service; 2) changes in the habitats of the hooded crow - are the increase in the tree species used for nesting and changes in the height of the nests, and occur during the last 15 years; 3) changes in seasonal life - in Cherepovets, hooded crows begin breeding 2 weeks earlier than in the vicinity; 4) changes in trophic links - increasing the proportion of anthropogenic feed in the diet of hooded crows as Cherepovets develops; 5) ethological changes - hooded crows became less careful at the end of the 1990s and have learned the skills of extracting food from different packages, cleaning contaminated food and dry food maceration.

scholarly journals Numerical modeling of combustion of gaseous and solid fuels in the furnaces of small and large boilers to reduce harmful emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 01074
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Zheltukhina ◽  
Marina Pavlova ◽  
Malik Ziganshin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
3D Design ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Specific Geometry ◽  
Solid Edge

The issues of the formation of toxic compounds that enter the air of the residential area during the circulation of household waste and the provision of energy supply services, in particular, during the decentralization of heat supply to residential buildings, are considered. The problems of finding the optimal ways to reduce toxic emissions are solved using a numerical experiment based on computational fluid dynamics. The results of numerical modeling of the corresponding combustion device are compared with the geometry created using the Gambit software and in the Solid Edge 3D design environment. The influence of the pressure in the furnace on the characteristics of fuel combustion during operation in the pressurization mode of the recently widespread condensing boilers is given. Acceptable simplifications for the application of the normative method in the calculations of modern combustion devices with a specific geometry are proposed.

scholarly journals On the problems of separate collection and disposal of MSW

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Rykov ◽  
Dinya Mamin ◽  
Rostislav Rykov
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Basic Point ◽  
Bar Code ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Process Waste ◽  
New Generation

World consumption of natural resources is already commensurate with mineral reserves: created by nature over geological epochs, has been consumed by man for several decades. In the home and in the production process, waste and garbage are generated. Separate collection of garbage, especially solid household waste (MSW) is needed, but what is the criterion of «separateness»? In residential buildings, waste and garbage (MSW) are extremely diverse. And even with the most careful sorting, for processing (recycling) it is required to apply special, most often special technologies designed to neutralize hazardous substances and to prevent environmental pollution. The basic point is the industrial technology of sorting MSW. There is information about the appearance of a new generation of bar code (radio frequency, RFID chip tag), which is readable without contact, at a distance of up to 2 meters. This cardinally removes the problem of identifying and sorting 100 % (ideally!) Of waste from their industrial processing. A genuine disaster for the environment (environmental ecology) has become plastic packaging, primarily PET bottles. With the simplest and most economically efficient burning, it emits a large amount of harmful substances into the atmosphere and forms toxic (for the soil) ash. Gas emissions can be cleaned, but this is additional equipment, material and energy costs. And most importantly, toxic sludge is formed, for which special landfills are needed. We get the result: the amount of waste decreases quite significantly (especially in terms of volume!), But this is not crucial anyway, they are and only the timeframe for filling the waste landfill (already special!) is increasing. We show the role and value of a new generation of barcode: radio frequency chips (RFID chip).

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