The role of public biological resource centers in providing a basic infrastructure for microbial research

2010 ◽  
Vol 161 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Janssens ◽  
David R. Arahal ◽  
Chantal Bizet ◽  
Esperanza Garay
2011 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Mayo Fuster Morell

In order for online communities to assemble and grow, some basic infrastructure is necessary that makes possible the aggregation of the collective action. There is a very intimate and complex relationship between the technological infrastructure and the social character of the community which uses it. Today, most infrastructure is provided by corporations and the contrast between community and corporate dynamics is becoming increasingly pronounced. But rather than address the issues, the corporations are actively obfuscating it. Wikiwashing refers to a strategy of corporate infrastructure providers where practices associated to their role of profit seeking corporations (such as abusive terms of use, privacy violation, censorship, and use of voluntary work for profit purposes, among others) that would be seen as unethical by the communities they enable are concealed by promoting a misleading image of themselves associated with the general values of wikis and Wikipedia (such as sharing and collaboration, openness and transparency). The empirical analysis is based on case studies (Facebook , Yahoo! and Google) and triangulation of several methods.


Author(s):  
M. Vasilenko ◽  
O. Stupar ◽  
G. Kochkina ◽  
S. Ozerskaya

A scheme of organizing the integration of information flows about microbial genetic resources supported by the European Biological Resource Centers (MBRC) with biological databases of the Life Science system is presented.


BioScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufeng Wang ◽  
Timothy G. Lilburn

Subject The role of cities in global economic growth. Significance Cities, defined as metropolitan areas with over 500,000 inhabitants, are powering global economic growth. However, by 2014 the results were uneven, as the cities with the highest growth lie in developing countries, mainly in China, while many North American and European cities remain trapped in recession. Current urbanisation models are unsustainable in the long term, posing threats to future economic prosperity. Impacts Most large cities' economies are growing faster than their respective countries and will continue doing so. The less wealthy developing urban areas will converge economically with their more developed peers. The existing patterns of urban sprawl in many cities will lead to an increasing funding gap in basic infrastructure. This funding gap could cause the failure of many cities to deliver basic services such as transport.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Wai-Hang Yee ◽  
Hui Li

The study looks into how governance qualities of decentralized governments mediate the impacts of decentralization on development. Based on a set-oriented approach, the study analyzed data from a nation-wide survey conducted with business managers from all provinces in Indonesia, and found evidence that, despite the country’s uniform decentralization reform, individual provinces exhibited great variation in the qualities of their various physical and institutional infrastructures. Notably, these qualities assumed nested relations, with order and security as well as accountability and rule of law seemingly being the preconditions of basic infrastructure provision as well as local governments’ coordination. Moreover, business investment decisions (measured as staff expansion and product innovation) were found to vary with some specific combinations of these infrastructural conditions. The result provides evidence supporting the argument that both physical and institutional infrastructures are instrumental to realize the supposed benefits of decentralization and supports the recent call of the literature to look into the political-institutional complex in the process of decentralization reform.


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