Vegetative rescue of Paratecoma peroba adult trees: Adventitious rooting of epicormic sprouts from detached branches

Mangrove forests have declined worldwide and understanding the key drivers of regeneration at different perturbation levels can help manage and preserve these critical ecosystems. For example, the Ramsar site # 1602, located at the Tampamachoco lagoon, Veracruz, México, consists of a dense forest of medium-sized trees composed of three mangrove species. Due to several human activities, including the construction of a power plant around the 1990s, an area of approximately 2.3 km2 has suffered differential levels of perturbation: complete mortality, partial tree loss (divided into two sections: main and isolated patch), and apparently undisturbed sites. The number and size of trees, from seedlings to adults, were measured using transects and quadrats. With a matrix of the abundance of trees by size categories and species, an ordination (nMDS) showed three distinct groups corresponding to the degree of perturbation. Projection matrices based on the size structure of Avicennia germinans showed transition probabilities that varied according to perturbation levels. Lambda showed growing populations except on the zone that showed partial tree loss; a relatively high abundance of seedlings is not enough to ensure stable mangrove dynamics or start regeneration; and the survival of young trees and adult trees showed high sensitivity.

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Oil Pollution Affects the Central Metabolism of Keystone Vachellia (Acacia) Trees

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13126660 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 6660

Author(s):

Marco Ferrante ◽

Anuma Dangol ◽

Shoshana Didi-Cohen ◽

Gidon Winters ◽

Vered Tzin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oil Spills ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Keystone Species ◽

Desert Ecosystem ◽

Arid Environments ◽

Central Metabolism ◽

Adult Trees ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

One Year

Vachellia (formerly Acacia) trees are native to arid environments in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, where they often support the local animal and plant communities acting as keystone species. The aim of this study was to examine whether oil pollution affected the central metabolism of the native keystone trees Vachellia tortilis (Forssk.) and V. raddiana (Savi), as either adults or seedlings. The study was conducted in the Evrona Nature Reserve, a desert ecosystem in southern Israel where two major oil spills occurred in 1975 and in 2014. Leaf samples were collected to analyze the central metabolite profiles from oil-polluted and unpolluted adult trees and from Vachellia seedlings growing in oil-polluted and unpolluted soils in an outdoor setup. We found that oil pollution had a stronger effect on one-year-old seedlings than on adult trees, reducing the levels of amino acids, sugars, and organic acids. While adult trees are mildly affected by oil pollution, the effects on young seedlings can cause a long-term reduction in the population of these keystone desert trees, ultimately threatening this entire ecosystem.

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An HD‐ZIP transcription factor, MxHB13 , integrates auxin‐regulated and juvenility‐determined control of adventitious rooting in Malus xiaojinensis

The Plant Journal ◽

10.1111/tpj.15406 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xu Li ◽

Fei Shen ◽

Xiaozhao Xu ◽

Qingbo Zheng ◽

Yi Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Adventitious Rooting ◽

Malus Xiaojinensis

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Vegetative propagation, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of yerba mate genotypes

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262121000150 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Leandro Marcolino Vieira ◽

Renata de Almeida Maggioni ◽

Jéssica de Cássia Tomasi ◽

Erik Nunes Gomes ◽

Ivar Wendling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Vegetative Propagation ◽

Adventitious Rooting ◽

Ilex Paraguariensis ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Yerba Mate ◽

Total Phenolic Compounds ◽

Leaf Retention ◽

Correlated Components

Abstract Ilex paraguariensis, commonly known as yerba mate, is a tree species native to South America. Its commercial value is due to the manufacturing of teas, with potential also in the pharmacological and cosmetic industries. Vegetative propagation of yerba mate is considered an innovation to the traditional production systems based on sexual propagation. The present study aimed to evaluate the rhizogenic potential and chemical attributes of mini-cuttings from 15 yerba mate genotypes, as well as to verify the correlation between phytochemical and rooting-related variables. Mini-cuttings were collected from a pre-existing mini-clonal hedge and the experimental design was completely randomized, with 15 treatments (genotypes), four replications and 10 mini-cuttings per plot. After 120 days, mini-cuttings were assessed regarding rooting, mortality, callogenesis and leaf retention percentages, percentage of mini-cuttings with both calluses and roots, number of roots and average root length. At the time of collection, subsamples from each plot were used for phytochemical analyses including total phenolic compounds, protein, caffeine and theobromine contents and antioxidant activity. Rooting percentages ranged from 5 to 72.5%, with significant variation among genotypes. Adventitious rooting and phytochemical profile of yerba mate mini-cuttings are genotype-dependent. Leaf retention is a relevant factor in the rooting of yerba mate mini-cuttings and the levels of total phenolic compounds, antioxidants and theobromine present in mini-cuttings are negatively correlated components to Ilex paraguariensis adventitious rooting.

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WHITE SPRUCE ROOTING MODIFICATIONS ON THE FLUVIAL DEPOSITS OF THE LOWER PEACE RIVER

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc35305-4 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 305-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. W. Jeffrey

Keyword(s):

White Spruce ◽

Adventitious Rooting ◽

Fluvial Deposits ◽

Peace River

Distinctive rooting modifications of white spruce were noted on fluvial sites of the lower Peace River. Photographs of these modifications are given and a multi-layered form is suggested to have arisen through adventitious rooting stimulated by periodic inundation. Significance of the modifications in silviculture is briefly discussed.

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