Estimating unit production cost, carbon intensity, and carbon abatement cost of electricity generation from bioenergy feedstocks in Georgia, United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 109514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Farhad Hossain Masum ◽  
Puneet Dwivedi ◽  
William F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Carbon Abatement ◽  
Unit Production Cost ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Bioenergy Feedstocks

scholarly journals How to Allocate Carbon Emission Permits Among China’s Industrial Sectors Under the Constraint of Carbon Intensity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Zhou ◽  
Yushuo Li ◽  
Xuejing Huo ◽  
Xiaolei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
Emission Permits ◽  
Carbon Abatement ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Ferrous Metals

With the official launch of China’s national unified carbon trading system (ETS) in 2017, it has played an increasingly important role in controlling the growth of carbon dioxide emissions. One of the core issues in carbon trading is the allocation of initial carbon emissions permits. Since the industry emits the largest amount of carbon dioxide in China, a study on the allocation of carbon emission permits among China’s industrial sectors is necessary to promote industry carbon abatement efficiency. In this study, industrial carbon emissions permits are allocated to 37 sub-sectors of China to reach the emission reduction target of 2030 considering the carbon marginal abatement cost, carbon abatement responsibility, carbon abatement potential, and carbon abatement capacity. A hybrid approach that integrates data envelop analysis (DEA), the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed to allocate carbon emission permits. The results of this study are as follows: First, under the constraint of carbon intensity, the carbon emission permits of the total industry in 2030 will be 8792 Mt with an average growth rate of 3.27%, which is 1.57 times higher than that in 2016. Second, the results of the carbon marginal abatement costs show that light industrial sectors and high-tech industrial sectors have a higher abatement cost, while energy-intensive heavy chemical industries have a lower abatement cost. Third, based on the allocation results, there are six industrial sub-sectors that have obtained major carbon emission permits, including the smelting and pressing of ferrous metals (S24), manufacturing of raw chemical materials and chemical products (S18), manufacturing of non-metallic mineral products (S23), smelting and pressing of non-ferrous metals (S25), production and supply of electric power and heat power (S35), and the processing of petroleum, coking, and processing of nuclear fuel (S19), accounting for 69.23% of the total carbon emissions permits. Furthermore, the study also classifies 37 industrial sectors to explore the emission reduction paths, and proposes corresponding policy recommendations for different categories.

A Method of Calculating the Social Cost of “Clean” Electricity

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Nissim Ben-Aderet ◽  
David Soloveitchik
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Clean Technologies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost

This article presents a methodology and estimation of the social benefit of using “clean” technologies of electricity generation. The methodology is based on the margin production cost of electricity and on the avoided pollution cost. The results obtained from our study enable us to estimate the payment to the “clean” electricity producers using the avoided cost methodology. The results show that the social cost for 1 kWh produced by “clean” technologies is higher by 5% than the cost of 1 kwh produced by the mix of the conventional technologies for electricity generation of the same demand level.

scholarly journals Marginal abatement cost of electricity generation from renewable energy in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 767-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phitsinee Muangjai ◽  
Wongkot Wongsapai ◽  
Rongphet Bunchuaidee ◽  
Neeracha Tridech ◽  
Det Damrongsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Marginal Abatement Cost ◽  
Cost Of Electricity

scholarly journals The Moderate Operation Scales of Apples Based on Output, Profit, and Unit Production Costs in the Shaanxi Province of China

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Congying Zhang ◽  
Qian Chang ◽  
Liqun Shao ◽  
Xuexi Huo
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Profit Model ◽  
Unit Production Cost ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Moderate Scale

In the Shaanxi province, small and scattered plots impede an increase in the efficiency of apple production. Developing a moderate operation scale is a proper tool to solve inefficiencies in apple production, as it enables improving the factor allocation efficiency, resulting in higher yields, higher profit, or lower production costs. However, the moderate operation scales, based on output, profit, and production costs, may be different. This paper aimed to evaluate the moderate operation scale of apples from three perspectives of increasing yields and profits and reducing unit production cost. The study was based on survey data collected from 661 randomly selected apple farmers in eight counties of the Shaanxi province, China. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively by the input-output model, the net profit model, and unit production cost model. The findings show that: (1) The moderate operation scale oriented to increasing apple yields in the Shaanxi province should be 0.87–1.53 ha. (2) The moderate operation scale oriented to increasing the net profit of farmers in the Shaanxi province should be over 1.53 ha. (3) The moderate operation scale oriented to reducing the unit cost of apple production in the Shaanxi province should be 0.20–0.53 ha. The study provides evidence that policymakers should grasp the balance point and find the intersection of the operation scale based on output, profit, and unit production cost when guiding apple growers to carry out the moderate scale. We propose that 0.87–1.53 ha may be a suitable operation scale for apple production in the Shaanxi province at the current stage.

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