scholarly journals A predictive model for elemental carbon, organic carbon and total carbon based on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy measurements of filter-collected diesel particulate matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 105871
Author(s):  
R.P. McLaughlin ◽  
D.A. Parks ◽  
A.I. Grubb ◽  
G.S. Mason ◽  
A.L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Diesel Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Characterisation of Minor Chemical Elements in Diesel Particulate Matter by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Richard Viskup ◽  
Christoph Wolf ◽  
Werner Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Diesel Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

In this research, we investigate the minor chemical elements contained in the diesel particulate matter (DPM) exhaust emissions, generated by in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles. For this purpose, we apply a high-resolution optical emission spectroscopy technique, for precise spectrochemical analysis of diesel particulate matter. By means of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analytical method, we qualitatively and quantitatively characterise detected minor chemical elements in DPM. Particulate matter samples were obtained from in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles of diverse types and models from major brand car producers in Europe. We analysed particulate matter, extracted from the exhaust manifold part, from vehicles, which are used in daily life environment. The LIBS technique has revealed the presence of minor chemical elements in DPM -silicon, nickel, titan, potassium, strontium, and molybdenum with diverse concentrations.

EXPRESS: Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Combined with Temporal Plasma Analysis of C2 Molecular Emission for Carbon Analysis in Coal

2021 ◽  
pp. 000370282110123
Author(s):  
Hemalaxmi Rajavelu ◽  
Nilesh J Vasa ◽  
Satyanarayanan Seshadri
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Persistence Time ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Spectral Intensities

A benchtop Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is demonstrated to determine the elemental carbon content present in raw coal used for combustion in power plants. The spectral intensities of molecular CN and C2 emission are measured together with the atomic carbon (C) and other inorganic elements (Si, Fe, Mg, Al, Ca, Na, and K) in the LIBS spectrum of coal. The emission persistence time of C2 molecule emission is measured from the coal plasma generated by a nanosecond laser ablation with a wavelength of 266 nm in the Ar atmosphere. The emission persistence time of molecular C2 emission along with the spectral intensities of major ash elements (Fe, Si, Al, and Ca) and carbon emissions (atomic C, molecular CN, and C2) shows a better relationship with the carbon wt% of different coal samples. The calibration model to measure elemental carbon (wt%) is developed by combining the spectral characteristics (Spectral intensity) and the temporal characteristics (Emission persistence time of C2 molecule emission). The temporal characteristic studies combined with the spectroscopic data in the PLSR (Partial Least Square Regression) model has resulted in an improvement in the root mean square error of validation (RMSEV), and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is reduced from 10.86% to 4.12% and from 11.32% to 6.04%, respectively.

Analysis of the heavy metals in atmospheric particulate matter using dual-pulsed laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1005006
Author(s):  
李业秋 Li Yeqiu ◽  
孙成林 Sun Chenglin ◽  
李 倩 Li Qian ◽  
岱 钦 Dai Qin ◽  
乌日娜 Wu Rina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Characterization and Quantification of Ultrafine Particles and Carbonaceous Components from Occupational Exposures to Diesel Particulate Matter in Selected Workplaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan da Silveira Fleck ◽  
Cyril Catto ◽  
Gilles L’Espérance ◽  
Jean-Philippe Masse ◽  
Brigitte Roberge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Geometric Standard Deviation ◽  
Diesel Particulate Matter ◽  
Subway Tunnel ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Exposure Levels

Abstract Questions still exist regarding which indicator better estimates worker’s exposure to diesel particulate matter (DPM) and, especially for ultrafine particles (UFP), how exposure levels and the characteristics of the particles vary in workplaces with different exposure conditions. This study aimed to quantify and characterize DPM exposures in three workplaces with different exposure levels: an underground mine, a subway tunnel, and a truck repair workshop. The same sampling strategy was used and included measurements of the particle number concentration (PNC), mass concentration, size distribution, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the characterization of carbonaceous fractions. The highest geometric means (GMs) of PNC and elemental carbon (EC) were measured in the mine [134 000 (geometric standard deviation, GSD = 1.5) particles cm−3 and 125 (GSD = 2.1) µg m−3], followed by the tunnel [32 800 (GSD = 1.7) particles cm−3 and 24.7 (GSD = 2.4) µg m−3], and the truck workshop [22 700 (GSD = 1.3) particles cm−3 and 2.7 (GSD = 2.4) µg m−3]. This gradient of exposure was also observed for total carbon (TC) and particulate matter. The TC/EC ratio was 1.4 in the mine, 2.5 in the tunnel and 8.7 in the workshop, indicating important organic carbon interference in the non-mining workplaces. EC and PNC were strongly correlated in the tunnel (r = 0.85; P < 0.01) and the workshop (r = 0.91; P < 0.001), but a moderate correlation was observed in the mine (r = 0.57; P < 0.05). Results from TEM showed individual carbon spheres between 10 and 56.5 nm organized in agglomerates, while results from the size distribution profiles showed bimodal distributions with a larger accumulation mode in the mine (93 nm) compared with the tunnel (39 nm) and the truck workshop (34 nm). In conclusion, the composition of the carbonaceous fraction varies according to the workplace, and can interfere with DPM estimation when TC is used as indicator. Also, the dominance of particles <100 nm in all workplaces, the high levels of PNC measured and the good correlation with EC suggest that UFP exposures should receive more attention on occupational routine measurements and regulations.

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