Mismatch negativity amplitude in first-degree relatives of individuals with psychotic disorders: Links with cognition and schizotypy

2021 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
Kayla R. Donaldson ◽  
Emmett M. Larsen ◽  
Katherine Jonas ◽  
Sara Tramazzo ◽  
Greg Perlman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
First Degree Relatives

scholarly journals MMN amplitude in first-degree relatives of psychotic disorders: Links with cognition and schizotypy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla R. Donaldson ◽  
Emmett M. Larsen ◽  
Katherine Jonas ◽  
Sara Tramazzo ◽  
Greg Perlman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Schizotypal Symptoms

Background: Mismatch negativity (MMN) amplitude is reliably reduced in psychotic disorders. While several studies have examined this effect in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia, few have sought to quantify deficits in relatives of individuals with other psychotic disorders. While some studies conclude that, compared to healthy subjects, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia show reduced MMN, others contradict this finding, a discrepancy which extends to two recent meta-analyses. Furthermore, though MMN is often shown to be associated with cognitive impairments and clinical symptoms in psychotic disorders, to our knowledge no studies have sought to examine these relationships in studies of first-degree relatives. Method: The present study sought to clarify the extent of MMN amplitude reductions in a large sample of siblings of individuals with diverse psychotic disorders (n=65), compared to cases with psychosis (n=220) and never psychotic comparison subjects (n=252). We further examined associations of MMN amplitude with cognition and schizotypal symptoms across these groups. Results: We found that MMN amplitude was intact in siblings compared to cases with psychosis. MMN amplitude was associated with cognition and schizotypal symptoms dimensionally across levels of familial risk. Conclusions: The present results imply that MMN amplitude reductions emerge as a result of, or in conjunction with, clinical features associated with psychosis. Such findings carry important implications for the utility of MMN amplitude as an indicator of inherited risk, and suggest that this component may be best conceptualized as a marker for clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments, rather than risk for psychosis per se.

scholarly journals Associations of mismatch negativity with psychotic symptoms and functioning transdiagnostically across psychotic disorders.

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 570-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla R. Donaldson ◽  
Keisha D. Novak ◽  
Dan Foti ◽  
Maya Marder ◽  
Greg Perlman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms

Intact striatal dopaminergic modulation of reward learning and daily-life reward-oriented behavior in first-degree relatives of individuals with psychotic disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1909-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Kasanova ◽  
Jenny Ceccarini ◽  
Michael J. Frank ◽  
Thérèse van Amelsvoort ◽  
Jan Booij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Reward Learning ◽  
Familial Predisposition ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Dopaminergic Modulation ◽  
Da Release

BackgroundAbnormalities in reward learning in psychotic disorders have been proposed to be linked to dysregulated subcortical dopaminergic (DA) neurotransmission, which in turn is a suspected mechanism for predisposition to psychosis. We therefore explored the striatal dopaminergic modulation of reward processing and its behavioral correlates in individuals at familial risk for psychosis.MethodsWe performed a DA D2/3 receptor [18F]fallypride positron emission tomography scan during a probabilistic reinforcement learning task in 16 healthy first-degree relatives of patients with psychosis and 16 healthy volunteers, followed by a 6-day ecological momentary assessment study capturing reward-oriented behavior in the everyday life.ResultsWe detected significant reward-induced DA release in bilateral caudate, putamen and ventral striatum of both groups, with no group differences in its magnitude nor spatial extent. In both groups alike, greater extent of reward-induced DA release in all regions of interest was associated with better performance in the task, as well as in greater tendency to be engaged in reward-oriented behavior in the daily life.ConclusionsThese findings suggest intact striatal dopaminergic modulation of reinforcement learning and reward-oriented behavior in individuals with familial predisposition to psychosis. Furthermore, this study points towards a key link between striatal reward-related DA release and pursuit of ecologically relevant rewards.

scholarly journals Local Gyrification Index in Probands with Psychotic Disorders and Their First-Degree Relatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Nanda ◽  
Neeraj Tandon ◽  
Ian T. Mathew ◽  
Christoforos I. Giakoumatos ◽  
Hulegar A. Abhishekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Gyrification Index ◽  
Local Gyrification Index

scholarly journals Forecasting prognostic trajectories with mismatch negativity in early psychosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Minah Kim ◽  
Taekwan Kim ◽  
Wu Jeong Hwang ◽  
Silvia Kyungjin Lho ◽  
Sun-Young Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Prognostic Biomarkers ◽  
First Episode

Abstract Background Prognostic heterogeneity in early psychosis patients yields significant difficulties in determining the degree and duration of early intervention; this heterogeneity highlights the need for prognostic biomarkers. Although mismatch negativity (MMN) has been widely studied across early phases of psychotic disorders, its potential as a common prognostic biomarker in early periods, such as clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and first-episode psychosis (FEP), has not been fully studied. Methods A total of 104 FEP patients, 102 CHR individuals, and 107 healthy controls (HCs) participated in baseline MMN recording. Clinical outcomes were assessed; 17 FEP patients were treatment resistant, 73 FEP patients were nonresistant, 56 CHR individuals were nonremitters (15 transitioned to a psychotic disorder), and 22 CHR subjects were remitters. Baseline MMN amplitudes were compared across clinical outcome groups and tested for utility prognostic biomarkers using binary logistic regression. Results MMN amplitudes were greatest in HCs, intermediate in CHR subjects, and smallest in FEP patients. In the clinical outcome groups, MMN amplitudes were reduced from the baseline in both FEP and CHR patients with poor prognostic trajectories. Reduced baseline MMN amplitudes were a significant predictor of later treatment resistance in FEP patients [Exp(β) = 2.100, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.104–3.993, p = 0.024] and nonremission in CHR individuals [Exp(β) = 1.898, 95% CI 1.065–3.374, p = 0.030]. Conclusions These findings suggest that MMN could be used as a common prognostic biomarker across early psychosis periods, which will aid clinical decisions for early intervention.

scholarly journals Self-reported childhood trauma correlates with schizotypal measures in schizophrenia but not bipolar pedigrees

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Schürhoff ◽  
A. Laguerre ◽  
H. Fisher ◽  
B. Etain ◽  
A. Méary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Psychotic Features ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trauma Scores

BackgroundStrong evidence supports the association between childhood trauma and psychotic disorders. In two different high-risk populations, we looked for a correlation between the magnitude of schizotypal dimensions and the importance of self-reported childhood trauma.MethodA sample of 138 unaffected first-degree relatives was recruited (67 relatives of schizophrenic probands and 71 relatives of bipolar probands). The relationship between schizotypal dimensions and childhood trauma scores was analyzed by partial correlations.ResultsA positive correlation was found between childhood trauma scores and total schizotypal scores in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic subjects but not in first-degree relatives of bipolar probands. This correlation was primarily due to a strong association with the positive dimension of schizotypy.ConclusionsThe significant correlation between childhood trauma and schizotypal dimensions in subjects at high genetic risk for schizophrenia suggests that susceptibility genes for schizophrenia may interact with childhood trauma to induce the emergence of schizotypal dimensions, mainly positive psychotic features.

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