Effect of water deficit and rewatering on leaf gas exchange and transpiration decline of excised leaves of four grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars

Recent climatic trends of higher average temperatures and erratic precipitation patterns are resulting in decreased soil moisture availability and, consequently, periods of water stress. We studied the effects of seasonal water stress on grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling grafted onto 101–14 (Vitis riparia Michx.×Vitis rupestris Scheele) rootstock) shoot growth, leaf gas exchange, xylem morphology and hydraulic performance in the cool-climate Finger Lakes region of New York. A plastic rain exclusion tarp was installed on the vineyard floor to create a soil moisture deficit and consequently induce vine water stress. Weekly measurements of predawn leaf and midday stem water potentials (Ψmd) were made, and two contrasting shoot length classes, long (length >2.0m) and short (length <1.0m), were monitored. Growth of both long and short shoots was positively correlated with Ψmd but no difference in water status was found between the two. Compared with rain-fed vines, water-stressed vines had lower photosynthesis and stomatal conductance later in the season when Ψmd dropped below –1.2MPa. Long shoots had three-fold higher xylem-specific hydraulic conductivity values than short shoots. Long shoots experiencing water stress were less vulnerable to xylem cavitation than shorter shoots even though they had more large-diameter vessels. The lower vulnerability to cavitation of long shoots may be attributed to less xylem intervessel pitting being found in long shoots, consistent with the air-seeding hypothesis, and suggests that a hydraulic advantage enables them to maintain superior growth and productivity under water stress.

Download Full-text

Effect of water deficit on photosynthetic and other physiological responses in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling) plants

Photosynthetica ◽

10.1007/s11099-005-0173-0 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 151-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

M. Bertamini ◽

L. Zulini ◽

K. Muthuchelian ◽

N. Nedunchezhian

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Effect Of Water

Download Full-text

Growth and physiology of four Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo clones under future warming and water deficit regimes

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research ◽

10.1111/ajgw.12494 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M. Arrizabalaga‐Arriazu ◽

F. Morales ◽

J.J. Irigoyen ◽

G. Hilbert ◽

I. Pascual

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Future Warming

Download Full-text

Drought tolerance in cowpea species is driven by less sensitivity of leaf gas exchange to water deficit and rapid recovery of photosynthesis after rehydration

South African Journal of Botany ◽

10.1016/j.sajb.2015.08.008 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 103 ◽

pp. 101-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

R. Rivas ◽

H.M. Falcão ◽

R.V. Ribeiro ◽

E.C. Machado ◽

C. Pimentel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

Rapid Recovery

Download Full-text

Effect of irrigation on leaf gas exchange and yield of cashew in northern Australia

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9960861 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 36 (7) ◽

pp. 861 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

H Schaper ◽

EK Chacko ◽

SJ Blaikie

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

Water Status ◽

Northern Australia ◽

Wet Season ◽

Leaf Water Status ◽

Continuous Irrigation ◽

Tropical Regions

Gas exchange, leaf water status, soil water use and nut yield of cashew trees were monitored during the reproductive phase in 2 consecutive years (1988 and 1989). Treatment 1 comprised continuous irrigation from the end of the wet season in April until harvest in October; T2, irrigation between flowering (mid June) and harvest; and T3, no irrigation. Irrigation was applied by under-tree sprinkler at 43 mm/week in 1988 and 64 mm/week in 1989. Measurement of leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content and nut production showed that trees in T2 were as productive as those in T1 (>1.3 kg kernel/tree). In T3, water deficit caused a 4-fold reduction in leaf photosynthesis and reduced leaf chlorophyll content from about 600 to 400 mg/m2 during fruit development. There was no effect on the number of hermaphrodite flowers produced (both ranging from 0 to 15 hermaphrodite flowers/panicle) but the water deficit was associated with a lower kernel yield (1.16 kg kernel/tree). Commercial yields (kg kernel/tree) in irrigated treatments were 20% greater than in the non-irrigated treatment and the kernels from irrigated trees were of a higher grade (kernel recovery >32% in T1 and T2 compared with 27.4% in T3). These results suggest that irrigation of established cashew plantations in the tropical regions of northern Australia can be restricted to the period between flowering and harvest without reducing yield.

Download Full-text