Arsenic-contaminated cold-spring water in mountainous areas of Hui County, Northwest China: A new source of arsenic exposure

2011 ◽  
Vol 409 (24) ◽  
pp. 5513-5516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Quanmei Zheng ◽  
Guifan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Cold Spring

scholarly journals Estimating Regional Soil Moisture Distribution Based on NDVI and Land Surface Temperature Time Series Data in the Upstream of the Heihe River Watershed, Northwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2414
Author(s):  
Xiao Bai ◽  
Lanhui Zhang ◽  
Chansheng He ◽  
Yi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture has an important impact on hydrological processes in mountainous areas. Understanding such variability requires soil moisture datasets at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Remote sensing is a very effective method to obtain surface (~5 cm depth) soil moisture at the regional scale but cannot directly measure soil moisture at deep soil layers (>5 cm depth) currently. This study chose the upstream of the Heihe River Watershed in the Qilian Mountain Ranges in Northwest China as the study area to estimate the profile soil moisture (0–70 cm depth) at the regional scale using satellite Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) products. The study area was divided into 31 zones according to the combination of altitude, vegetation and soil type. Long-term in situ soil moisture observation stations were set up at each of the zones. Soil moisture probe, ECH2O, was used to collect soil moisture at five layers (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–50 and 50–70 cm) continuously. Multiple linear regression equations of time series MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) NDVI, LST and soil moisture were developed for each of the five soil layers at the 31 zones to estimate the soil moisture (0–70 cm) on a regional scale with a spatial resolution of 1 km2 and a temporal resolution of 16-d from October, 2013 to September, 2016. The correlation coefficient R of the regression equations was between 0.47 and 0.94, the RMSE was 0.03, indicating that the estimation method based on the MODIS NDVI and LST data was suitable and could be applied to alpine mountainous areas with complex topography, soil and vegetation types. The overall pattern of soil moisture spatial distribution indicated that soil moisture was higher in the eastern region than in the western region, and the soil moisture content in the whole study area was 14.5%. The algorithm and results provide novel applications of remote sensing to support soil moisture data acquisition and hydrological research in mountainous areas.

scholarly journals XXVI. Experiments on the peruvian bark

1767 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cold Spring

Experiment I. An ounce of bark coarsely powdered was divided into two equal parts, one of which was infused forty-eight hours in cold spring water; the other was boiled over a slow fire forty minutes, until about a third part of the water was evaporated.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal and Cold Spring Water and Primary Productivity Effects on Magnesium Isotopes: Lake Myvatn, Iceland

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann ◽  
Kevin W. Burton ◽  
Sophie Opfergelt ◽  
Eydís S. Eiríksdóttir ◽  
Melissa J. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Magnesium Isotopes ◽  
Cold Spring ◽  
Lake Mývatn

Genetic structure of the endangered, relict shrub Amygdalus mongolica (Rosaceae) in arid northwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Mei Ma ◽  
Ying Bin Nie ◽  
Xiao Long Jiang ◽  
Zhe Xu ◽  
Wan Quan Ji
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Hexi Corridor ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Genetic Patterns ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arid Northwest China

In the present study we selected the endangered species Amygdalus mongolica to investigate the influence of climatic fluctuations on the spatial genetic patterns and evolutionary history of organisms in arid northwest China. The intraspecific genetic variation and demographic history of A. mongolica were investigated using two cpDNA sequences (psbK-psbI and trnL-trnF) from 174 individuals in 15 populations across most of its covered range. Significant genetic differentiation among populations was identified, which resulted from fragmented populations coupled with the enhanced aridification and desertification of the Pleistocene. Twelve haplotypes clustered into two clades, corresponding to the Western region (northernmost Gansu, Hexi Corridor and Alxa Left Banner) and the Eastern region (Urad Houqi, Yinshan Mountains, Urad Zhongqi and Daqing Mountains) respectively. Five independent Pleistocene refugia in different mountainous areas were identified. Amygdalus mongolica has likely experienced westward shifts from refugia along the margins of the Ulanbuhe and Tengger deserts, and also postglacial re-colonisation northward along the Hexi Corridor.

scholarly journals A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Yuewen Zhao ◽  
Xiuyan Wang ◽  
Juan Yang ◽  
Changli Liu ◽  
Shuaiwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Food Chain ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Slow Sand Filtration ◽  
Microbial Nitrogen ◽  
Filtration System

Abstract Epikarst springs are commonly used for drinking water in karst mountainous areas, but they tend to bring health risks to residents because of their vulnerability. In this work, a modified slow sand filtration system (M-SSF) was established as a case study to purify and conserve the epikarst spring water. The outcomes indicate that the purification of M-SSF relies mainly on the adsorption and ion exchange of the filter medium (mixtures of heat-treated red clay and crushed limestone, MHRCCL) during the schmutzdecke juvenility, and on the schmutzdecke-formed food chain of pollutants → bacteria → protozoa after the schmutzdecke maturity. The closed water cellar lined with ceramic tiles could reduce the deterioration of epikarst spring water during storage. Via 16S rRNA sequencing, it was found that the high abundance of TM6_Dependentiae in purified epikarst spring water (PESW) suggested that the M-SSF system relies on the formation of a closed food chain to achieve effective water purification. The decrease of Pseudarcicella abundance in PESW indicated that M-SSF could effectively prevent the water quality from external influences represented by leeches. Besides, the 16S function prediction was used to qualitatively characterize microbial nitrogen metabolism, as well as organic matter degradation in water purification.

scholarly journals Detecting Snowfall Events over Mountainous Areas Using Optical Imagery

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1514
Author(s):  
Jiangeng Wang ◽  
Yonghong Zhang ◽  
Yinyi Cheng ◽  
Xueliang Zhang ◽  
Xuezhi Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Cycle ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Moderate Resolution ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Time Series Images ◽  
Radiance Data

Snowfall over mountainous areas not only has important implications on the water cycle and the Earth’s radiation balance, but also causes potentially hazardous weather. However, snowfall detection remains one of the most difficult problems in modern hydrometeorology. We present a method for detecting snowfall events from optical satellite data for seasonal snow in mountainous areas. The proposed methodology is based on identifying expanded snow cover or suddenly declined snow grain size using time series images, from which it is possible to detect the location and time of snowfall events. The methodology was tested with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily radiance data for an entire hydrologic year from July 2014 to June 2015 in the mountainous area of the Manas River Basin, Northwest China. The study evaluated the recordings of precipitation events at eighteen meteorological stations in the study area prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, showing that there was more liquid precipitation in the second and third quarter, and more solid precipitation in the first and fourth quarter.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document