Crossbreeding of Hair goats with Alpine and Saanen bucks: Production and reproduction traits of Native Hair goats in supplementary feeding in different physiological stage in natural pasture-based system

2021 ◽  
pp. 106494
Author(s):  
H. Erduran
Keyword(s):  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Physiological Stage ◽  
Reproduction Traits

scholarly journals FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF ZEBU CATTLE IN THE MALI SAHEL ZONE I. SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING IN ADDITION TO NATURAL PASTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
E. A. Adebowale ◽  
K. Dobel ◽  
S. Legel
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Dressing Percentage

Investigations into the performance of Peulh and Maure Zebu breeds of cattle to supplementary feeding of cotton seed and rice bran in addition to grazing natural pasture during the rainy and dry seasons were conducted in the Sahe one of Mali Republic. 96 steers made up of Peulh and Maure Zebu breed with age ranging between 30 and 55 months were grouped into five ._-­the control group grazed on natural pasture alone while four test groups were fed supple­mentary diets in addition to free grazing. Parameters based mainly on feed intake, rate of gain, feed conversion and carcass characteristics showed Maure gained weight significantly (P < - 0.05) faster (318.5g/d) than Peulh (2920) when a feeding trial which lasted 56 weeks was conducted. All steers on test diets performed better than the control except during the second rainy season when a 'compensatory growth' was recorded for the steers under the control. treatment. Younger animals (30 months old) gained weight (337.1g/d) significantly faster (P< 0.05) than the older (55 month-old) ones (273.40). While dressing percentage ranged between 48 and 56, test animals had significantly better dressing percentage of 55.4% (P < 0.05) than the control (48.2%). No diffe­rence was-recorded between the breed or age groups. Animals fed on pasture alone had 10.7% capacity of rumen content as perc­centag€ of carcass weight compared with 7.5% fir test diets.

Wool production, ground cover and botanical composition of pastures grazed by Merino wethers in central western New South Wales. 1. Natural pasture

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (64) ◽  
pp. 502 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Brownlee
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Annual Medics

A natural pasture consisting predominantly of Aristida, Stipa, Danthonia and Chloris was grazed by Merino wethers set-stocked at 2.04, 1.36 and 1.02 ha-1 at Condobolin in central western New South Wales. Throughout the four years 1965 to 1969, the pasture supported 1.36 wethers ha-1 without supplementary feeding. Wool production per ha increased with increase in stocking rate but wool production per head and liveweight decreased. Although there was a greater percentage of annual medics at the high compared with the low stocking rate, the high stocking rate reduced total ground cover and the density of Aristida.

Cloning and expression analysis of HoxA10, a candidate gene influencing reproduction traits in pigs

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Xiao-ning ZHOU ◽  
Mei-xia FANG ◽  
Xiao-mei HE ◽  
Qing-hua NIE ◽  
Xi-quan ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Reproduction Traits

Variation in the wheat intake of individual sheep measured by use of labelled grain: behavioural influences

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (111) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Juwarini ◽  
B Howard ◽  
BD Siebert ◽  
JJ Lynch ◽  
RL Elwin
Keyword(s):  
Dominance Hierarchy ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Accurate Calculation ◽  
Early Introduction

A preliminary experiment with sheep in pens demonstrated that wheat grain could be labelled with tritiated water so that when fed it could provide data that would allow accurate calculation of individual feed consumption. This techinque was used with two groups of sheep fed supplementary wheat grain in paddocks. Half of the animals had previous experience of grain feeding some eight months earlier and the others had not eaten grain. Individual diversity of intake could be estimated usefully by tritium labelling of wheat, which was fed to the sheep in a group. The experiment showed that there was a threefold difference in the amount of wheat eaten between the lowest and highest intakes. Further, animals with previous experience of grain feeding consumed the entire ration initially, but those without previous experience did not consume all of the ration until two weeks after wheat feeding began. Over the period of measurement the experienced sheep consumed about 13% more wheat than the non-experienced group. There were insufficient aggressive acts to establish a dominance hierarchy in either group, although the experienced sheep were more aggressive than the others. Aggressiveness by one sheep towards other sheep did not result in higher wheat intakes by the former compared with other sheep in the group. The results are discussed in terms of the variability in acceptance of such supplements by animals, and of the value, later in life, of early introduction of supplementary feeding.

scholarly journals Structural variations in papaya genomes

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyang Liao ◽  
Xunxiao Zhang ◽  
Shengcheng Zhang ◽  
Zhicong Lin ◽  
Xingtan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Copy Number Variant ◽  
Functional Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Environmental Adaptability ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Structural variations (SVs) are a type of mutations that have not been widely detected in plant genomes and studies in animals have shown their role in the process of domestication. An in-depth study of SVs will help us to further understand the impact of SVs on the phenotype and environmental adaptability during papaya domestication and provide genomic resources for the development of molecular markers. Results We detected a total of 8083 SVs, including 5260 deletions, 552 tandem duplications and 2271 insertions with deletion being the predominant, indicating the universality of deletion in the evolution of papaya genome. The distribution of these SVs is non-random in each chromosome. A total of 1794 genes overlaps with SV, of which 1350 genes are expressed in at least one tissue. The weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) of these expressed genes reveals co-expression relationship between SVs-genes and different tissues, and functional enrichment analysis shows their role in biological growth and environmental responses. We also identified some domesticated SVs genes related to environmental adaptability, sexual reproduction, and important agronomic traits during the domestication of papaya. Analysis of artificially selected copy number variant genes (CNV-genes) also revealed genes associated with plant growth and environmental stress. Conclusions SVs played an indispensable role in the process of papaya domestication, especially in the reproduction traits of hermaphrodite plants. The detection of genome-wide SVs and CNV-genes between cultivated gynodioecious populations and wild dioecious populations provides a reference for further understanding of the evolution process from male to hermaphrodite in papaya.

scholarly journals Recent genetic advances on boar taint reduction as an alternative to castration: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlene Ana Souza Duarte ◽  
Martine Schroyen ◽  
Rodrigo Reis Mota ◽  
Sylvie Vanderick ◽  
Nicolas Gengler
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Unpleasant Odor ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Pig Meat ◽  
Or Genes ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

AbstractBoar taint is an unpleasant odor in male pig meat, mainly caused by androstenone, skatole, and indole, which are deposited in the fat tissue. Piglet castration is the most common practice to prevent boar taint. However, castration is likely to be banished in a few years due to animal welfare concerns. Alternatives to castration, such as genetic selection, have been assessed. Androstenone and skatole have moderate to high heritability, which makes it feasible to select against these compounds. This review presents the latest results obtained on genetic selection against boar taint, on correlation with other traits, on differences in breeds, and on candidate genes related to boar taint. QTLs for androstenone and skatole have been reported mainly on chromosomes 6, 7, and 14. These chromosomes were reported to contain genes responsible for synthesis and degradation of androstenone and skatole. A myriad of work has been done to find markers or genes that can be used to select animals with lower boar taint. The selection against boar taint could decrease performance of some reproduction traits. However, a favorable response on production traits has been observed by selecting against boar taint. Selection results have shown that it is possible to reduce boar taint in few generations. In addition, modifications in diet and environment conditions could be associated with genetic selection to reduce boar taint. Nevertheless, costs to measure and select against boar taint should be rewarded with incentives from the market; otherwise, it would be difficult to implement genetic selection.

Seasonal dynamics in the exploitation of natural carcasses and supplementary feeding stations by a top avian scavenger

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volen Arkumarev ◽  
Dobromir Dobrev ◽  
Anton Stamenov ◽  
Nikolay Terziev ◽  
Atanas Delchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Supplementary Feeding

Genetic importance of fat and eye muscle depth in Merino breeding programs

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 690 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Brown ◽  
A. A. Swan
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Economic Index ◽  
Parasite Resistance ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Reproduction Traits

Australian Merino breeders have traditionally selected animals for breeding predominately on the basis of wool characteristics. Over recent decades, an increasing proportion of Merino breeders are interested in producing a ewe that can be used for prime-lamb production, but that also performs well for wool characteristics. Correlations between ultrasound carcass traits and other traits such as wool, internal parasite resistance and reproduction traits, are not very well known. The aims of this study were three-fold: (1) to estimate the genetic relationships between ultrasound carcass traits and wool, internal parasite resistance and reproduction traits, (2) to determine the value of recording ultrasound carcass traits in Merino breeding programs, and (3) to evaluate the impact of improving ewe genetic merit for fatness on their reproduction performance. Ultrasound fat and eye muscle depth had small to moderate genetic correlations with most traits, with positive correlations observed for bodyweight, fibre diameter, fibre curvature and reproduction, and negative correlations observed for fleece weight, fibre diameter coefficient of variation, worm egg count and breech wrinkle. As expected on the basis of these genetic correlations, estimated breeding values for fat depth of ewes had a positive association with their observed reproduction performance, but the effect explained only minimal variation in reproductive performance, and was extremely variable among flocks and years. A range of measurement scenarios was investigated for three standard MERINOSELECT indexes. Measuring fat and eye muscle depth resulted in 3%, 4% and 21% additional economic index gain for the fine, medium and dual purpose indexes, respectively, whereas measuring reproduction traits directly resulted in 17%, 27% and 45% additional gain in the economic index. Dual purpose index gains benefited more from measuring ultrasound carcass traits as it is the only index with a direct economic value placed on carcass traits. Measuring fat and eye muscle depth also resulted in a greater reduction in worm egg count. The results indicated that desirable genetic progress can be made in wool, ultrasound carcass, internal parasite resistance and number of lambs born and weaned simultaneously using multiple trait selection to account for the mix of favourable and unfavourable correlations between these traits. These results also demonstrated that the best method to maximise economic gain is to measure as many traits (or closely correlated traits) in the breeding objective as possible.

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