scholarly journals Five years later: Recovery from post traumatic stress and psychological distress among low-income mothers affected by Hurricane Katrina

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Paxson ◽  
Elizabeth Fussell ◽  
Jean Rhodes ◽  
Mary Waters
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Low Income Mothers

scholarly journals Healthcare staff well-being and use of support services during COVID-19: a UK perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. e100458
Author(s):  
Anika R Petrella ◽  
Luke Hughes ◽  
Lorna A Fern ◽  
Lisa Monaghan ◽  
Benjamin Hannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rapid Evaluation ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has drastically increased demands on healthcare workers (HCWs) leaving them vulnerable to acute psychological distress, burnout and post-traumatic stress. In response, supportive services in a central London hospital mobilised mental health support specifically for HCWs.AimsThis rapid evaluation assessed HCW psychological welfare during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and their use of supportive services made available.MethodsDuring the acute phase of COVID-19 (April to May 2020) all staff working for the hospital were invited to complete an online survey assessing well-being (self-rated health, moral distress exposure, symptoms of burnout and psychological distress) and use of available supportive services (awareness of, use and perceived helpfulness). Associations among personal characteristics and psychological well-being were explored using correlations and linear regression.ResultsA total of 1127 staff participated in the rapid evaluation. On average, psychological distress was high (mean (SD): 22 (7.57)) regardless of role, with 84% of this sample scoring above the general population mean (14.5). Nearly half of the sample reported feeling emotionally drained and a profile emerged displaying higher levels of psychological distress and burnout in those who were younger and exposed to morally distressing situations, with this group also exhibiting greater support service use. Greater levels of burnout were associated with increased psychological distress when controlling for personal factors. During this acute phase of the pandemic, majority of staff used at least one service and rated it as helpful.ConclusionHCWs experienced high levels of psychological distress requiring continued support as the COVID-19 pandemic evolved. Although HCWs were aware of supportive services, uptake varied. In order to mitigate the risk of burnout and post-traumatic stress, long-term, effective strategies that facilitate staff accessing support are urgently required.

Childhood adversity and co-occurring post-traumatic stress and externalizing symptoms among a predominantly low-income, African American sample of early adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Erin L. Thompson ◽  
Kelly E. O’Connor ◽  
Albert D. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Although there is strong evidence supporting the association between childhood adversity and symptomatology during adolescence, the extent to which adolescents present with distinct patterns of co-occurring post-traumatic stress (PTS) and externalizing symptoms remains unclear. Additionally, prior research suggests that experiencing nonviolent, negative life events may be more salient risk factors for developing some forms of psychopathology than exposure to violence. The current study used latent profile analysis to identify subgroups of early adolescents with distinct patterns of PTS, physical aggression, delinquency, and substance use, and examined subgroup differences in exposure to three forms of violent and nonviolent childhood adversity. Participants were a predominantly low-income, African American sample of 2,722 urban middle school students (M age = 12.9, 51% female). We identified four symptom profiles: low symptoms (83%), some externalizing (8%), high PTS (6%), and co-occurring PTS and externalizing symptoms (3%). A higher frequency of witnessing violence was associated with increased odds of membership in subgroups with externalizing symptoms, whereas a higher frequency of nonviolent, negative life events was associated with increased odds of membership in subgroups with PTS symptoms. Interventions aimed to address childhood adversity may be most effective when modules addressing both PTS and externalizing symptoms are incorporated.

Post Traumatic Stress, Context, and the Lingering Effects of the Hurricane Katrina Disaster among Ethnic Minority Youth

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl F. Weems ◽  
Leslie K. Taylor ◽  
Melinda F. Cannon ◽  
Reshelle C. Marino ◽  
Dawn M. Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Ethnic Minority Youth ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Exploring the Complex Pathways between the Fear of COVID-19 and Preventive Health Behavior among Nigerians: Mediation and Moderation Analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusola Ayandele ◽  
Cristian A. Ramos-Vera ◽  
Steven K. Iorfa ◽  
Catherine O. Chovwen ◽  
Peter O. Olapegba
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Preventive Health Behavior ◽  
Post Traumatic

Since COVID-19 currently has no proven cure but high morbidity and mortality; many people are living in fear of the virus along with other mental health challenges induced by the lockdowns and social distancing. Hence, this study aims to provide evidence on the co-occurrence and inter-relations between the fear of COVID-19, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and psychological distress in adherence to preventive health behavior among Nigerians. It also seeks to determine whether this process differs for men and women. The sample comprised 1,172 consenting young adults (mean age = 22.9 ± 6.6 years, 54.5% females) selected using a snowball sampling technique. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the mediation model of post-traumatic stress symptoms and psychological distress as parallel and serial mediators of the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and preventive health behavior. The indirect effect of the fear of COVID-19 on preventive health behavior across gender was tested using moderation analysis. Results showed that post-traumatic stress symptoms and psychological distress serially and fully, in causal order, mediated the association between the fear of COVID-19 and preventive health behavior, and gender moderated the mediation effects. The research provides evidence that the fear of COVID-19 could trigger preventive health behavior through post-traumatic stress symptoms but reduces it through psychological distress, whereas the fear of COVID-19 has a slightly more positive impact on preventive health behavior among men.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life and well-being in parents of infants and toddlers with cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janelle Monique Morhun ◽  
N.M. Racine ◽  
G.M.T. Guilcher ◽  
L.M. Tomfohr-Madsen ◽  
F.S.M. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Active Cancer

Background: The unique psychosocial needs of parents and caregivers of young children with cancer are poorly understood.  The aims of this study were to examine: 1) the health-related quality of life (HRQL), stress, and psychological distress in parents of young children (0-4 years) diagnosed with cancer, and 2) the associations between parent psychosocial functioning and child treatment characteristics. Methods: Parents (N= 35) with a child (19 males, 54.3%) aged 0-48 months (M= 31.06 months) who were on active cancer therapy were recruited. Parents completed questionnaires related to demographics, parent HRQL, parenting stress, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and parent psychological distress. Results: Parents reported clinically elevated parenting stress (5.88%), post-traumatic stress symptoms (18.18%), and psychological distress (21.87%). Compared to population norms, parents reported lower HRQL in the vitality (t= 5.37, p< .001), mental health (t= 4.02, p< .001), role limitation/emotional (t= 3.52, p< .001), and general health (t= 2.25, p= .025) domains. Number of days since diagnosis (β= -.35, p= .030), child surgery (β= .360, p= .023), and parent social functioning (β= -.40, p= .009) predicted parent psychological distress F(3,24)= 9.11, p< .001, R2 =.53. Conclusions: A subset of parents of young children on active cancer treatment experience clinically-elevated psychosocial symptoms. Having a child who undergoes surgery and having poor social connections put parents at risk of experiencing higher psychological distress. Supports that focus on preventing the emergence of clinically significant distress should focus on parents of young children with cancer who are most at risk of poor outcomes.

scholarly journals Early cognitive–behavioural therapy for post-traumatic stress symptoms after physical injury

2004 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan I. Bisson ◽  
Jonathan P. Shepherd ◽  
Deborah Joy ◽  
Rachel Probert ◽  
Robert G. Newcombe
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundEarly single-session psychological interventions, including psychological debriefing following trauma, have not been shown to reduce psychological distress. Longer early psychological interventions have shown some promise.AimsTo examine the efficacy of a four-session cognitive–behavioural intervention following physical injury.MethodA total of 152 patients attending an accident and emergency department displaying psychological distress following physical injury were randomised 1–3 weeks post-injury to a four-session cognitive–behavioural intervention that started 5–10 weeks after the injury or to no intervention and then followed up for 13 months.ResultsAt 13 months, the total Impact of Event Scale score was significantly more reduced in the intervention group (adjusted mean difference=8.4, 95% CI 2.4–14.36). Other differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionsAbrief cognitive–behavioural intervention reduces symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in individuals with physical injury who display initial distress.

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