Postnatal neural crest stem cells from hair follicle interact with nerve tissue in vitro and in vivo

How the considerable diversity of neural crest (NC)-derived cell types arises in the vertebrate embryo has long been a key question in developmental biology. The pluripotency and plasticity of differentiation of the NC cell population has been fully documented and it is well-established that environmental cues play an important role in patterning the NC derivatives throughout the body. Over the past decade, in vivo and in vitro cellular approaches have unravelled the differentiation potentialities of single NC cells and led to the discovery of NC stem cells. Although it is clear that the final fate of individual cells is in agreement with their final position within the embryo, it has to be stressed that the NC cells that reach target sites are pluripotent and further restrictions occur only late in development. It is therefore a heterogenous collection of cells that is submitted to local environmental signals in the various NC-derived structures. Several factors were thus identified which favor the development of subsets of NC-derived cells in vitro. Moreover, the strategy of gene targeting in mouse has led at identifying new molecules able to control one or several aspects of NC cell differentiation in vivo. Endothelin peptides (and endothelin receptors) are among those. The conjunction of recent data obtained in mouse and avian embryos and reviewed here contributes to a better understanding of the action of the endothelin signaling pathway in the emergence and stability of NC-derived cell phenotypes.

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The effects of NB-UVB on the hair follicle-derived neural crest stem cells differentiating into melanocyte lineage in vitro

Journal of Dermatological Science ◽

10.1016/j.jdermsci.2012.01.012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 20-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Dake Dong ◽

Min Jiang ◽

Xiaowei Xu ◽

Ming Guan ◽

Jiaqiang Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Neural Crest ◽

Hair Follicle ◽

Neural Crest Stem Cells

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Neural crest stem cells from human epidermis of aged donors maintain their multipotency in vitro and in vivo

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-46140-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Samaneh Moghadasi Boroujeni ◽

Alison Koontz ◽

Georgios Tseropoulos ◽

Laura Kerosuo ◽

Pihu Mehrotra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Neural Crest ◽

Human Epidermis ◽

Neural Crest Stem Cells

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Correction: In Vivo Tumorigenesis Was Observed after Injection of In Vitro Expanded Neural Crest Stem Cells Isolated from Adult Bone Marrow

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256477 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0256477

Author(s):

Sabine Wislet-Gendebien ◽

Christophe Poulet ◽

Virginie Neirinckx ◽

Benoit Hennuy ◽

James T. Swingland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Neural Crest ◽

Neural Crest Stem Cells ◽

Adult Bone Marrow ◽

Adult Bone

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In Vivo Tumorigenesis Was Observed after Injection of In Vitro Expanded Neural Crest Stem Cells Isolated from Adult Bone Marrow

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0046425 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. e46425 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Sabine Wislet-Gendebien ◽

Christophe Poulet ◽

Virginie Neirinckx ◽

Benoit Hennuy ◽

James T. Swingland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Neural Crest ◽

Neural Crest Stem Cells ◽

Adult Bone Marrow ◽

Adult Bone

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Regulation of sarcomagenesis by the empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2

Cell Death and Disease ◽

10.1038/s41419-021-03801-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Manuel Pedro Jimenez-García ◽

Antonio Lucena-Cacace ◽

Daniel Otero-Albiol ◽

Amancio Carnero

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Neural Crest ◽

Tumor Suppressors ◽

Homeobox Genes ◽

Neuronal Cell ◽

Cell Gene Expression

AbstractThe EMX (Empty Spiracles Homeobox) genes EMX1 and EMX2 are two homeodomain gene members of the EMX family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, during brain development and neural crest migration. They play a role in the specification of positional identity, the proliferation of neural stem cells, and the differentiation of certain neuronal cell phenotypes. In general, they act as transcription factors in early embryogenesis and neuroembryogenesis from metazoans to higher vertebrates. The EMX1 and EMX2’s potential as tumor suppressor genes has been suggested in some cancers. Our work showed that EMX1/EMX2 act as tumor suppressors in sarcomas by repressing the activity of stem cell regulatory genes (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, MYC, NANOG, NES, and PROM1). EMX protein downregulation, therefore, induced the malignance and stemness of cells both in vitro and in vivo. In murine knockout (KO) models lacking Emx genes, 3MC-induced sarcomas were more aggressive and infiltrative, had a greater capacity for tumor self-renewal, and had higher stem cell gene expression and nestin expression than those in wild-type models. These results showing that EMX genes acted as stemness regulators were reproduced in different subtypes of sarcoma. Therefore, it is possible that the EMX genes could have a generalized behavior regulating proliferation of neural crest-derived progenitors. Together, these results indicate that the EMX1 and EMX2 genes negatively regulate these tumor-altering populations or cancer stem cells, acting as tumor suppressors in sarcoma.

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Intracellular signaling molecules of nerve tissue progenitors as pharmacological targets for treatment of ethanol-induced neurodegeneration

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Gleb Nikolaevich Zyuz’kov ◽

Larisa Arkad`evna Miroshnichenko ◽

Elena Vladislavovna Simanina ◽

Larisa Alexandrovna Stavrova ◽

Tatyana Yur`evna Polykova

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Alcohol Abuse ◽

Intracellular Signaling ◽

Signaling Molecules ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Nerve Tissue ◽

Intracellular Signaling Molecules

Abstract Objectives The development of approaches to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases caused by alcohol abuse by targeted pharmacological regulation of intracellular signaling transduction of progenitor cells of nerve tissue is promising. We studied peculiarities of participation of NF-кB-, сАМР/РКА-, JAKs/STAT3-, ERK1/2-, p38-pathways in the regulation of neural stem cells (NSC) and neuronal-committed progenitors (NCP) in the simulation of ethanol-induced neurodegeneration in vitro and in vivo. Methods In vitro, the role of signaling molecules (NF-кB, сАМР, РКА, JAKs, STAT3, ERK1/2, p38) in realizing the growth potential of neural stem cells (NSC) and neuronal-committed progenitors (NCP) in ethanol-induced neurodegeneration modeled in vitro and in vivo was studied. To do this, the method of the pharmacological blockade with the use of selective inhibitors of individual signaling molecules was used. Results Several of fundamental differences in the role of certain intracellular signaling molecules (SM) in proliferation and specialization of NSC and NCP have been revealed. It has been shown that the effect of ethanol on progenitors is accompanied by the formation of a qualitatively new pattern of signaling pathways. Data have been obtained on the possibility of stimulation of nerve tissue regeneration in ethanol-induced neurodegeneration by NF-кB and STAT3 inhibitors. It has been found that the blockage of these SM stimulates NSC and NCP in conditions of ethanol intoxication and does not have a «negative» effect on the realization of the growth potential of intact progenitors (which will appear de novo during therapy). Conclusions The results may serve as a basis for the development of fundamentally new drugs to the treatment of alcoholic encephalopathy and other diseases of the central nervous system associated with alcohol abuse.

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Lineage-specific requirements of β-catenin in neural crest development

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.200209039 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 159 (5) ◽

pp. 867-880 ◽

Cited By ~ 207

Author(s):

Lisette Hari ◽

Véronique Brault ◽

Maurice Kléber ◽

Hye-Youn Lee ◽

Fabian Ille ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Neural Crest ◽

Neural Crest Cells ◽

Neural Crest Stem Cells ◽

Downstream Signaling ◽

Neural Crest Development ◽

Sensory Neurogenesis

β-Catenin plays a pivotal role in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. Moreover, it is a downstream signaling component of Wnt that controls multiple developmental processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and fate decisions. To study the role of β-catenin in neural crest development, we used the Cre/loxP system to ablate β-catenin specifically in neural crest stem cells. Although several neural crest–derived structures develop normally, mutant animals lack melanocytes and dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In vivo and in vitro analyses revealed that mutant neural crest cells emigrate but fail to generate an early wave of sensory neurogenesis that is normally marked by the transcription factor neurogenin (ngn) 2. This indicates a role of β-catenin in premigratory or early migratory neural crest and points to heterogeneity of neural crest cells at the earliest stages of crest development. In addition, migratory neural crest cells lateral to the neural tube do not aggregate to form DRG and are unable to produce a later wave of sensory neurogenesis usually marked by the transcription factor ngn1. We propose that the requirement of β-catenin for the specification of melanocytes and sensory neuronal lineages reflects roles of β-catenin both in Wnt signaling and in mediating cell–cell interactions.

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