Bridging the academia-to-industry gap: organ-on-a-chip platforms for safety and toxicology assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Ching ◽  
Yi-Chin Toh ◽  
Michinao Hashimoto ◽  
Yu Shrike Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organ On A Chip ◽  
Toxicology Assessment

scholarly journals Microfluidic integration of regeneratable electrochemical affinity-based biosensors for continual monitoring of organ-on-a-chip devices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Aleman ◽  
Tugba Kilic ◽  
Luis S. Mille ◽  
Su Ryon Shin ◽  
Yu Shrike Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organ On A Chip

A well plate–based multiplexed platform for incorporation of organoids into an organ-on-a-chip system with a perfusable vasculature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Fook Lun Lai ◽  
Rick Xing Ze Lu ◽  
Locke Davenport Huyer ◽  
Sachiro Kakinoki ◽  
Joshua Yazbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ On A Chip

scholarly journals Mechanical Strain-Enabled Reconstitution of Dynamic Environment in Organ-on-a-Chip Platforms: A Review

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Qianbin Zhao ◽  
Tim Cole ◽  
Yuxin Zhang ◽  
Shi-Yang Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Organ On A Chip

Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) uses the microfluidic 3D cell culture principle to reproduce organ- or tissue-level functionality at a small scale instead of replicating the entire human organ. This provides an alternative to animal models for drug development and environmental toxicology screening. In addition to the biomimetic 3D microarchitecture and cell–cell interactions, it has been demonstrated that mechanical stimuli such as shear stress and mechanical strain significantly influence cell behavior and their response to pharmaceuticals. Microfluidics is capable of precisely manipulating the fluid of a microenvironment within a 3D cell culture platform. As a result, many OOC prototypes leverage microfluidic technology to reproduce the mechanically dynamic microenvironment on-chip and achieve enhanced in vitro functional organ models. Unlike shear stress that can be readily generated and precisely controlled using commercial pumping systems, dynamic systems for generating proper levels of mechanical strains are more complicated, and often require miniaturization and specialized designs. As such, this review proposes to summarize innovative microfluidic OOC platforms utilizing mechanical actuators that induce deflection of cultured cells/tissues for replicating the dynamic microenvironment of human organs.

scholarly journals Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE)–Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) Hybrid Devices for Active Pumping PDMS-Free Organ-on-a-Chip Systems

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Mathias Busek ◽  
Steffen Nøvik ◽  
Aleksandra Aizenshtadt ◽  
Mikel Amirola-Martinez ◽  
Thomas Combriat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Bonding Process ◽  
Cell Alignment ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bonding Parameters ◽  
Organ On A Chip ◽  
Hybrid Devices

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been used in microfluidic systems for years, as it can be easily structured and its flexibility makes it easy to integrate actuators including pneumatic pumps. In addition, the good optical properties of the material are well suited for analytical systems. In addition to its positive aspects, PDMS is well known to adsorb small molecules, which limits its usability when it comes to drug testing, e.g., in organ-on-a-chip (OoC) systems. Therefore, alternatives to PDMS are in high demand. In this study, we use thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) films thermally bonded to laser-cut poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sheets to build up multilayered microfluidic devices with integrated pneumatic micro-pumps. We present a low-cost manufacturing technology based on a conventional CO2 laser cutter for structuring, a spin-coating process for TPE film fabrication, and a thermal bonding process using a pneumatic hot-press. UV treatment with an Excimer lamp prior to bonding drastically improves the bonding process. Optimized bonding parameters were characterized by measuring the burst load upon applying pressure and via profilometer-based measurement of channel deformation. Next, flow and long-term stability of the chip layout were measured using microparticle Image Velocimetry (uPIV). Finally, human endothelial cells were seeded in the microchannels to check biocompatibility and flow-directed cell alignment. The presented device is compatible with a real-time live-cell analysis system.

Multi-compartment Organ-on-a-Chip Based on Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane as In Vitro Jaundice Disease Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Lei ◽  
Minhua Liang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Hanhao Huang ◽  
Haofei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Model ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
Organ On A Chip

Pharmacokinetic and toxicology assessment of INTERCEPT (S-59 and UVA treated) platelets

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 533-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Ciaravino ◽  
T McCullough ◽  
A D Dayan
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pathogen Inactivation ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Baxter Healthcare ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Toxicology Assessment

The pathogen inactivation process developed by Cerus and Baxter Healthcare Corporations uses the psoralen, S-59 (amotosalen) in an ex vivo photochemical treatment (PCT) process to inactivate viruses, bacteria, protozoans, and leukocytes in platelet concentrates and plasma. Studies were performed by intravenous infusion of S-59 PCT formulations-compound adsorption device (CAD) treatment and with non-UVA illuminated S-59, using doses that were multiples of potential clinical exposures. The studies comprised full pharmacokinetic, single and repeated-dose (up to 13 weeks duration) toxicity, safety pharmacology (CNS, renal, and cardiovascular), reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity testing in the p53- mouse, vein irritation, and phototoxicity. No specific target organ toxicity (clinical or histopathological), reproductive toxicity, or carcinogenicity was observed. S-59 and/or PCT formulations demonstrated CNS, ECG, and phototoxicity only at supraclinical doses. Based on the extremely large safety margins (>30,000 fold expected clinical exposures), the CNS and ECG observations are not considered to have any toxicological relevance. Additionally, after a complete assessment, mutagenicity and phototoxicity results are not considered relevant for the proposed use of INTERCEPT platelets. Thus, the results of an extensive series of in vitro and in vivo studies have not demonstrated any toxicologically relevant effects of platelet concentrates prepared by the INTERCEPT system.

scholarly journals Engineered Vasculature for Organ-on-a-Chip Systems

Engineering ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdellah Aazmi ◽  
Hongzhao Zhou ◽  
Yuting Li ◽  
Mengfei Yu ◽  
Xiaobin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ On A Chip

Oxidative removal of phenol by HRP-immobilized beads and its environmental toxicology assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 234-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Wang ◽  
He Fang ◽  
Xiaofeng Yi ◽  
Zhiqun Xu ◽  
Xiaodong Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Toxicology ◽  
Oxidative Removal ◽  
Immobilized Beads ◽  
Toxicology Assessment

Organ-on-a-Chip Systems for Women's Health Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1700550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Nawroth ◽  
Julia Rogal ◽  
Martin Weiss ◽  
Sara Y. Brucker ◽  
Peter Loskill
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Organ On A Chip ◽  
Health Applications
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