Characterization of deltamethrin, cypermethrin, coumaphos and ivermectin resistance in populations of Rhipicephalus microplus in India and efficacy of an antitick natural formulation prepared from Ageratum conyzoides

2021 ◽  
pp. 101818
Author(s):  
Sachin Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Sharma ◽  
Bhanu Kumar ◽  
Mukesh Shakya ◽  
Jeemi A. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Natural Formulation

scholarly journals Identification of Susceptible Weed Hosts of Phytophthora spp. in Cocoa Trees in the Nawa Region, South-West of Côte d'Ivoire

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Daniel Kouamé Kra ◽  
Yapi Richmond Baka ◽  
David Coulibaly N’golo ◽  
Ipou Joseph Ipou
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Weed Hosts

The cocoa tree, the mainexport crop in Côte d'Ivoire is frequently attacked by a disease: brown pod rot, caused by Phytophthora spp. which causes a considerable drop in production. This soil-borne pathogen attacks on so-called weeds when environmental conditions are favourable. The presence of these susceptible weed hosts can amplify this scourge of brown rot by transmitting the pathogen to the crop plant. In order to improve the yield of this crop, a study was conducted in the Nawa region to identify the weed hosts through the characterization of the pathogen. This study consisted first in the inventory of susceptible host weeds of Phytophthora spp. and second in the morphological characterization of the pathogen. Concerning the host weeds inventory we procceeded determining all symptomatic weeds located within 3 m of the cocoa plants affected by brown rot. We identified 48 susceptible host species, divided into 41 genera and 22 families and we observed brown spots on the leaves of Oplismenus burmannii and Laportea aestuans; on the leaves of Clerodendrum splendens and Xanthosoma mafaffa, brown necroses surrounded by a yellow halo were noticed. Oily brown spots were examined on the leaves of Ageratum conyzoides. On the proximal, lateral and distal parts of the pods symptoms of brown spots covered with whitish mycelia were observed. Phytophthora strains obtained from the pods and weeds on PDA culture medium were characterized by matted, white mycelial colonies with a cottony appearance. Microscopic features revealed the presence of sporocysts, oospores and chlamydospores of different shapes.

Epidemiology of ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus in cattle population in North-Western Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-343
Author(s):  
Jehan Zeb ◽  
Sumaira Shams ◽  
Sultan Ayaz ◽  
Israr Ud Din ◽  
Adil Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of Ethanolic Extracts ofAgeratum conyzoidesandArtemisia absinthiumagainst Cattle Tick,Rhipicephalus microplus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Parveen ◽  
R. Godara ◽  
R. Katoch ◽  
A. Yadav ◽  
P. K. Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immersion Test ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

In vitro efficacy of ethanolic extracts obtained from the aerial parts ofAgeratum conyzoidesandArtemisia absinthiumwas assessed onRhipicephalus microplususing adult immersion test (AIT). Five concentrations of the extract (1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) with three replications for each concentration were used in the bioassay. In AIT, the maximum mortality was recorded as 40% and 66.7% at 20% concentration forA. conyzoidesandA. absinthium, respectively. Acaricidal activity was found to be higher in the extract ofA. absinthiumwith LC50and LC95values of 11.2% and 61.7%, respectively. Egg mass weight of the live ticks treated with different concentrations of the extracts was significantly(P<0.05)lower than that of control ticks; consequently, the reproductive index and oviposition values of the treated ticks were reduced significantly(P<0.05). TheA. conyzoidesinhibited 90% hatching of eggs at the 20% concentration, whereasA. absinthiumshowed 100% inhibition at 5%, 10%, and 20% concentrations. The results show thatA. absinthiumhas better acaricidal properties thanA. conyzoidesand could be useful in controllingR. microplus.

Characterization of a strain of Serratia sp. with ixodicide activity against the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Castro-Saines ◽  
Ruben Hernandez-Ortiz ◽  
Rodolfo Lagunes-Quintanilla ◽  
Guadalupe Peña-Chora
Keyword(s):  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick

Characterization of a glycine-rich protein from Rhipicephalus microplus: tissue expression, gene silencing and immune recognition

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (7) ◽  
pp. 927-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Leal ◽  
M. F. Alzugaray ◽  
A. Seixas ◽  
I. Da Silva Vaz ◽  
C. A. S. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Potential Candidate

AbstractSalivary molecules, as glycine-rich proteins (GRPs), are essential to tick attachment and feeding on the host and are suggested to be involved in the host's immune system evasion, therefore representing natural candidates in the search for protective vaccine antigens. This work shows the molecular characterization of a GRP from Rhipicephalus microplus (RmGRP). The cDNA and putative amino acid sequences were analysed, as well as the transcription level in tick tissues/developmental stages, showing the highest levels of gene expression in 1-day-old larvae and salivary glands of fully engorged females. RmGRP gene silencing resulted in a lower hatching rate of larvae from treated females. In addition, recombinant RmGRP (rRmGRP) was recognized by sera from naturally and experimentally infested bovines, displaying considerable differences among the individuals tested. rRmGRP was recognized by anti-saliva and anti-salivary glands sera, while anti-rRmGRP serum recognized RmGRP in saliva and salivary glands, indicating its secretion into the host. The data collected indicate that RmGRP may present roles other than in the tick–host relationship, especially in embryo development. In addition, the high expression in adult females, antigenicity and presence of shared characteristics with other tick protective GRPs turns RmGRP a potential candidate to compose an anti-tick vaccine cocktail.

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