Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge-Tunnel project immersed tunnel and artificial islands – From an Owners’ perspective

Hong Kong-Zhu hai-Macao Bridge, connecting world famous tri-cities in China, will consists of three different construction elements: a man made peninsula, a world’s longest and widest immersed tunnel and a cross-sea bridge. The key point of this megastructure is the construction of the immersed tube tunnel construction. The accuracy of tunnel element positioning directly determines the quality of tunnel construction. In order to study the behavior of elements during its lowering to the sea bed, the scaled model test has carried out in the Key Laboratory of High-speed Ship Engineering of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China. Experiment was carried out to investigate the motion responses of the tunnel element in the immersion under wave and current actions and the tensions acting on the controlling cables of its immersing system. A concise description of the model wave-current test is carried out, and the variation of motion responses of the tunnel element and cable tensions against wave, current and immersing depth were obtained, which could be a guidance to the construction of the immersed tunnel of Hong Kong-Zhu hai-Macao Bridge.

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Challenges and strategies involved in designing and constructing a 6 km immersed tunnel: A case study of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology ◽

10.1016/j.tust.2015.07.011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 171-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Zhi-nan Hu ◽

Yong-li Xie ◽

Jun Wang

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Immersed Tunnel ◽

Challenges And Strategies

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Advantages and potential challenges of applying semi-rigid elements in an immersed tunnel: A case study of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology ◽

10.1016/j.tust.2018.05.004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 79 ◽

pp. 143-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhinan Hu ◽

Yongli Xie ◽

Guoping Xu ◽

Shenglin Bin ◽

Hongzhou Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Immersed Tunnel

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Seismic Analysis of Immersed Tube Tunnel for Hong Kong-Zhu Hai-Macao Bridge Project

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1723 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 250-253 ◽

pp. 1723-1727 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiao Yong Hu ◽

Xiao Xu Zhang ◽

Yu Liang Qiu ◽

Wei Hua Dong ◽

Bao Wen Kou

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Seismic Analysis ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

Calculation Model ◽

Spring Stiffness ◽

Design Strength ◽

Flexible Joint ◽

Joint Force ◽

Deformation Control ◽

Immersed Tunnel

A simplified seismic calculation model of immersed tunnel is built up, which is applied to the seismic analysis of Hong Kong-Zhu Hai-Macao Bridge Project’s immersed tube tunnel. According to different spring stiffness of foundation and different spring stiffness of joint, the tunnel and joint’s force and deformation conditions are compared. The results show that: the influence of foundation spring stiffness is significant, for engineering design, the foundations of a more flexible approach should be preferred; contrary to joint force, the joint opening increases with the increase of joint stiffness, thus, flexible joint is better for project; the connection parts of floor and wall, the connection parts of roof and wall are the most disadvantageous position during the earthquake, so, these parts’ design strength should be strengthened and deformation control should be taken.

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Control survey for a 6.7 km immersed tunnel in Chinese Lingding ocean

Journal of Applied Geodesy ◽

10.1515/jag-2018-0023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 257-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Guanqing Li ◽

Shengxiang Huang

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

River Estuary ◽

Pearl River Estuary ◽

Pearl River ◽

The West ◽

Control Networks ◽

Surface Control ◽

Immersed Tunnel ◽

Control Survey ◽

The Pearl River

AbstractThe immersed tunnel which is composed of elements has drawn more attention nowadays because of new advancements and developments. The elements are prefabricated somewhere else and floated to the tunnel site to be sunk into the prepared trench. Each element must line up exactly for the watertight gaskets to seal properly. The HZM immersed tunnel, a key part of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) that crosses the Pearl River Estuary and links Hong Kong to the east, and Zhuhai and Macao to the west, is 6.7 km long, one of the longest immersed tunnel ever realized in the world. For the construction of such a mega immersed tunnel, particular care should be taken in the perspective of geodetic control. This paper described the design and implementation of the geodetic basis and hierarchical surface control networks. And to decrease the influence of lateral refraction and to improve the configuration strength and increase the number of redundant observation compared with traverse, the design of underground surveying network named duo-linear joint chain and the results of gyro checks are presented. In the end HZM immersed tunnel surveying data is analyzed and the performance of the control networks is demonstrated.

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