H7N9 Influenza Virus-Like Particle based on BEVS Protects Chickens from Lethal Challenge with Highly Pathogenic H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus

2021 ◽  
pp. 109106
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Rumeng Li ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Peipei Peng ◽  
Xiaoquan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Lethal Challenge ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
H7n9 Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
H7n9 Influenza

scholarly journals Comparative Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of the H7N9 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus and the H7N9 Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Chickens

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yu ◽  
Kunpeng Zhang ◽  
Xumeng Ye ◽  
Wenqing Wang ◽  
Wenbo Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Protein Cleavage ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
H7n9 Influenza Virus ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H7n9 Influenza

There were five outbreaks of H7N9 influenza virus in humans in China since it emerged in 2013, infecting >1000 people. The H7N9 low pathogenic influenza virus was inserted into four amino acids in the HA protein cleavage site to mutate into the H7N9 highly pathogenic virus. This emerging virus caused 15 outbreaks in chickens from the end of 2016 to date. Two H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV) strains, A/chicken/Guangdong/A46/2013 (LPAIV) and A/chicken/Guangdong/Q29/2017 (HPAIV), were selected to compare the pathogenicity and transmissibility between H7N9 LPAIVs and HPAIVs in chickens. We inoculated 3- to 4-week-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens with 6 log10EID50/0.1 mL viruses via the ocular-nasal route and co-housed four chickens in each group. The inoculated chicken mortality rate in the A46 and Q29 groups was 1/5 and 5/5, respectively. Q29 virus replication was more efficient compared to the A46 virus in inoculated chickens. Infected chickens initiated viral shedding to naïve contact chickens through respiratory and digestive routes. Both viruses transmitted between chickens by naïve contact, but the Q29 virus had a higher pathogenicity in contact chickens than the A46 virus. Compared with early H7N9 LPAIVs, the pathogenicity and transmissibility of the emerging H7N9 HPAIV was stronger in chickens, indicating that H7N9 influenza virus may continue to threaten human and poultry health.

scholarly journals Immunization with Plant-Expressed Hemagglutinin Protects Chickens from Lethal Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 Challenge Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (22) ◽  
pp. 12002-12010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donata Kalthoff ◽  
Anatoli Giritch ◽  
Katharina Geisler ◽  
Ulrike Bettmann ◽  
Victor Klimyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Lethal Challenge ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza

ABSTRACT Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a striking disease in susceptible poultry, which leads to severe economic losses. Inactivated vaccines are the most widely used vaccines in avian influenza virus (AIV) vaccination programs. However, these vaccines interfere with the serological detection of wild-type AIV infections in immunized populations. The use of vaccines that allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA strategy) would stop current stamping-out policies. Therefore, novel vaccination strategies are needed to allow improved protection of animals and humans against HPAI virus (HPAIV) infection. The presented study analyzed for the first time the immunogenic capacity of plant-expressed full-length hemagglutinin (rHA0) of HPAIV H5N1 in several vaccine formulations within the highly relevant host species chicken. We were able to express plant-expressed rHA0 at high levels and could show that, when administered with potent adjuvants, it is highly immunogenic and can fully protect chicken against lethal challenge infection. Real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and serological tests demonstrated only marginally increased virus replication in animals vaccinated with plant-derived rHA0 compared to animals immunized with an inactivated reference vaccine. In addition, the use of plant-expressed rHA0 also allowed an easy serological differentiation of vaccinated from AIV-infected animals based on antibodies against the influenza virus NP protein.

scholarly journals Assessment of Antiviral Properties of Peramivir against H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus in an Experimental Mouse Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 7255-7264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Farooqui ◽  
Linxi Huang ◽  
Suwu Wu ◽  
Yingmu Cai ◽  
Min Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
H7n9 Influenza Virus ◽  
H7n9 Influenza

ABSTRACTThe H7N9 influenza virus causes a severe form of disease in humans. Neuraminidase inhibitors, including oral oseltamivir and injectable peramivir, are the first choices of antiviral treatment for such cases; however, the clinical efficacy of these drugs is questionable. Animal experimental models are essential for understanding the viral replication kinetics under the selective pressure of antiviral agents. This study demonstrates the antiviral activity of peramivir in a mouse model of H7N9 avian influenza virus infection. The data show that repeated administration of peramivir at 30 mg/kg of body weight successfully eradicated the virus from the respiratory tract and extrapulmonary tissues during the acute response, prevented clinical signs of the disease, including neuropathy, and eventually protected mice against lethal H7N9 influenza virus infection. Early treatment with peramivir was found to be associated with better disease outcomes.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus Based on a Novel Mathematical Descriptor

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yusheng Bai ◽  
Tingting Ma ◽  
Yuhua Yao ◽  
Qi Dai ◽  
Ping-an He
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
H7n9 Influenza Virus ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
H7n9 Influenza ◽  
3D Graphical Representation

A new mathematical descriptor was proposed based on 3D graphical representation. Using the method, we construct the phylogenetic trees of nine proteins of H7N9 influenza virus to analyze the originated source of H7N9. The results show that the evolution route of H7N9 avian influenza is from America through Europe to Asia. Furthermore, two samples collected from environment in Nanjing and Zhejiang and one sample collected from chicken are the sources of H7N9 influenza virus that infected human in China.

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