scholarly journals Genetic bottlenecks during systemic movement of Cucumber mosaic virus vary in different host plants

Virology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 404 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Marilyn J. Roossinck
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Systemic Movement ◽  
Genetic Bottlenecks

scholarly journals Analysis of Genetic Bottlenecks during Horizontal Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (17) ◽  
pp. 8345-8350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Hongye Li ◽  
William L. Schneider ◽  
Diana J. Sherman ◽  
Stewart Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Viral Population ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Systemic Movement ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Genetic Bottlenecks

ABSTRACT Genetic bottlenecks may occur in virus populations when only a few individuals are transferred horizontally from one host to another, or when a viral population moves systemically from the infection site. Genetic bottlenecks during the systemic movement of an RNA plant virus population were reported previously (H. Li and M. J. Roossinck, J. Virol. 78:10582-10587, 2004). In this study we mechanically inoculated an artificial population consisting of 12 restriction enzyme marker mutants of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) onto young leaves of squash plants and used two aphid species, Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae, to transmit the virus populations from infected source plants to healthy squash plants. Horizontal transmission by aphids constituted a significant bottleneck, as the population in the aphid-inoculated plants contained far fewer mutants than the original inoculum source. Additional experiments demonstrated that genetic variation in the artificial population of CMV is not reduced during the acquisition of the virus but is significantly reduced during the inoculation period.

scholarly journals Heterologous Movement Protein Strongly Modifies the Infection Phenotype of Cucumber Mosaic Virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 3554-3557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emese Huppert ◽  
Dénes Szilassy ◽  
Katalin Salánki ◽  
Zoltán Divéki ◽  
Ervin Balázs
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Movement Protein ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Cucumovirus ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
Symptom Phenotype

ABSTRACT A hybrid virus (CMVcymMP) constructed by replacing the movement protein (MP) of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) with that of cymbidium ringspot tombusvirus (CymRSV) was viable and could efficiently spread both cell to cell and long distance in host plants. The hybrid virus was able to move cell to cell in the absence of functional CP, whereas CP-deficient CMV was restricted to single inoculated cells. In several Chenopodium and Nicotiana species, the symptom phenotype of the hybrid virus infection was clearly determined by the foreign MP gene. In Nicotiana debneyi and Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi, the hybrid virus could move systemically, contrary to CymRSV.

Effectiveness of coat protein and defective replicase gene-mediated resistance against Australian isolates of cucumber mosaic virus

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Singh ◽  
M. G. K. Jones ◽  
R. A. C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Systemic Movement ◽  
Cp Gene ◽  
Subgroup Ii

Summary. Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants of (i) cv. Samsun NN containing the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S constitutive promoter linked to a defective replicase (DR) gene derived from cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) subgroup I isolate Fny, and (ii) cv. Xanthi containing the CaMV 35S promoter linked to the coat protein (CP) gene of CMV subgroup I isolate C were tested for resistance to various Australian isolates of CMV. The tobacco plants were challenged with 3 CMV subgroup 1 isolates (BNRR, BMR and B6) using sap inoculation. When used to challenge non-transgenic tobacco plants with 5 subgroup II CMV isolates from lupins (LY, LCH, LAcc, LGu and LD), this inoculation method did not result in systemic infection so graft inoculation was used instead to challenge transgenic plants with these 5 isolates. When plants of the line with the DR gene were challenged with the 3 subgroup I isolates, extreme resistance was revealed as none showed symptoms and CMV was not detectable by ELISA. When the same 3 isolates were inoculated to the 3 lines with the CP gene, resistance was characterised by fewer plants becoming virus infected, delayed systemic movement and, in the plants that were infected, partial remission of symptoms plus somewhat decreased virus concentration. Challenge of transgenic plants with DR or CP with the 5 subgroup II isolates resulted in fewer plants becoming infected. Actual numbers of plants infected varied with line and subgroup II isolate and the DR gene was as effective as the CP gene at decreasing infection. With subgroup II isolate LY, infection was associated with remission of symptoms and with the other 4 isolates with delayed systemic movement. Thus the DR gene approach was more effective than the CP approach in obtaining extreme resistance against Australian subgroup I isolates of CMV. These results suggest that introducing a similar DR gene construct made from a subgroup II isolate from lupins into commercial lupin cultivars may be a suitable strategy for obtaining extreme resistance to subgroup II isolates from lupins.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of the Cucumber mosaic virus 2b protein: pathogenicity and nuclear localization

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 3135-3147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzeng Wang ◽  
Tzvi Tzfira ◽  
Victor Gaba ◽  
Vitaly Citovsky ◽  
Peter Palukaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Nuclear Localization ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Silencing Suppressor ◽  
Nuclear Localization Signals ◽  
Systemic Movement ◽  
2B Protein ◽  
Function Expression

The 2b protein encoded by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has been shown to be a silencing suppressor and pathogenicity determinant in solanaceous hosts, but a movement determinant in cucumber. In addition, synergistic interactions between CMV and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) have been described in several cucurbit species. Here, it was shown that deletion of the 2b gene from CMV prevented extensive systemic movement of the virus in zucchini squash, which could not be complemented by co-infection with ZYMV. Thus, ZYMV expressing a silencing suppressor with a different target could not complement the CMV 2b-specific movement function. Expression of the 2b protein from an attenuated ZYMV vector resulted in a synergistic response, largely restoring infection symptoms of wild-type ZYMV in several cucurbit species. Deletion or alteration of either of two nuclear localization signals (NLSs) did not affect nuclear localization in two assays, but did affect pathogenicity in several cucurbit species, whilst deletion of both NLSs led to loss of nuclear localization. The 2b protein interacted with an Arabidopsis thaliana karyopherin α protein (AtKAPα) in the yeast two-hybrid system, as did each of the two single NLS-deletion mutants. However, 2b protein containing a deletion of both NLSs was unable to interact with AtKAPα. These data suggest that the 2b protein localizes to the nucleus by using the karyopherin α-mediated system, but demonstrate that nuclear localization was insufficient for enhancement of the 2b-mediated pathogenic response in cucurbit hosts. Thus, the sequences corresponding to the two NLSs must have another role leading to pathogenicity enhancement.

scholarly journals Systemic movement of a movement-deficient strain of Cucumber mosaic virus in zucchini squash is facilitated by a cucurbit-infecting potyvirus

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 3173-3178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Kook Choi ◽  
Ju Yeon Yoon ◽  
Ki Hyun Ryu ◽  
Jang Kyung Choi ◽  
Peter Palukaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Systemic Movement ◽  
Tissue Print ◽  
Long Distance Movement

Zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo) is a systemic host for most strains of the cucumovirus Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), although the long-distance movement of the M strain of CMV (M-CMV) is inhibited in some cultivars. However, co-infection of zucchini plants with M-CMV and the potyvirus Zucchini yellow mosaic virus strain A (ZYMV-A) allowed M-CMV to move systemically, as demonstrated by tissue-print analysis. These doubly infected plants exhibited severe synergism in pathology. Infection of zucchini squash by M-CMV and an attenuated strain of ZYMV (ZYMV-AG) showed a milder synergy in pathology, in which ZYMV-AG also facilitated the long-distance movement of M-CMV similar to that promoted by ZYMV-A. Variation in the extent of synergy in pathology by the two strains of ZYMV did not correlate with differences in levels of accumulation of either virus. Thus, the extent of synergy in pathology is at least in part independent of the resistance-neutralizing function of the potyvirus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document