Late Quaternary lake-level fluctuations in the Mababe Depression: Middle Kalahari palaeolakes and the role of Zambezi inflows

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (03) ◽  
pp. 388-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Burrough ◽  
D.S.G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Okavango Delta ◽  
Beach Ridge ◽  
Optical Dating ◽  
The North ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
Multiple Episodes ◽  
Mababe Depression

A systematic drilling and optical dating programme on Middle Kalahari beach ridge (relict shoreline) sediments has enabled the identification of multiple episodes of lake high stands of an extensive palaeolake system at the terminus of the Okavango Delta, northern Botswana. This paper presents 23 ages from the Mababe Depression and establishes four shoreline construction phases in the late Quaternary coeval with other sub-basin lake high stands (Lake Ngami). These synchronous lake phases result from a coalescence of the sub-basins into a unified palaeolake, Lake Thamalakane, covering an area of ∼ 32,000 km2. Six additional ages are also presented from the Chobe enclave to the north of the basin where shoreline ridges were emplaced at the same time as Lake Thamalakane phases. This suggests that increased flow in the Chobe and Zambezi system significantly contributed to the Middle Kalahari lake phases in both the post-glacial and Holocene periods. The integration of these new data and their compatibility with other regional and tropical palaeo-archives is discussed in the light of understanding Quaternary climate drivers within the Kalahari.

scholarly journals Late Quaternary climate change in the north-eastern highlands of Ethiopia: A high resolution 15,600 year diatom and pigment record from Lake Hayk

2018 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 166-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie L. Loakes ◽  
David B. Ryves ◽  
Henry F. Lamb ◽  
Frank Schäbitz ◽  
Michael Dee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
The North ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Highlands

Late Quaternary climate-induced lake level variations in Lake Petén Itzá, Guatemala, inferred from seismic stratigraphic analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 230 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 52-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.S. Anselmetti ◽  
D. Ariztegui ◽  
D.A. Hodell ◽  
M.B. Hillesheim ◽  
M. Brenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Stratigraphic Analysis ◽  
Quaternary Climate

scholarly journals TECTONO-SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURE AND LATE QUATERNARY EVOLUTION OF THE NORTH EVIA GULF BASIN, CENTRAL GREECE: PRELIMINARY RESULTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sakellariou ◽  
G. Rousakis ◽  
H. Kaberi ◽  
V. Kapsimalis ◽  
P. Georgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
The North ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Last Glacial

Systematic single channel seismic and 3.5 kHz profiling, gravity and box coring and Pb downcore analyses shed light to the structure and the Late Quaternary evolution of the North Evia Gulf graben. The latter is segmented along its axis in three distinct basins. The shallow, E-W striking western basin displays southward asymmetry. The NW-SE striking, deep central basin and the shallow southeastern one show NE-ward asymmetry and are controlled by the Aidipsos, Telethrion and Kandili fault zones. Sequence stratigraphie data and aragonite crystals in mud layers underlying Holocene deposits verifies that North Evia Gulf was a lake during the last glacial maximum with lake level at about 90m below the present sea level.

scholarly journals Periglacial sediment variations controlled by late Quaternary climate and lake level change at Elgygytgyn Crater, Arctic Siberia

Boreas ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORG SCHWAMBORN ◽  
GRIGORY FEDOROV ◽  
LUTZ SCHIRRMEISTER ◽  
HANNO MEYER ◽  
HANS-W. HUBBERTEN
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Lake Level Change ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
Arctic Siberia

The Late Quaternary Climate of Coastal California: Evidence for an Ice Age Refugium

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Lee Johnson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Precipitation Pattern ◽  
The North ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
Precipitation Record ◽  
The North Pacific

The present Mediterranean climate of coastal California is unique in North America and reflects the interaction of several important synoptic controls, principally the North Pacific semipermanent anticyclone, and to a lesser extent the Aleutian low-pressure system and the cool California oceanic current. These synoptic climatic controls, key parts of the global air-sea circulation, were probably operative throughout late Quaternary time as shown by paleoecologic evidence. The thick accumulations of sediments in basins of offshore California indicate that while variable sedimentation regimes reflect changing climatic and oceanographic conditions, the Quaternary climate was probably semiarid as now, even during glacial maxima. Late Quaternary coastal dunes preserve former wind directions and show that prevailing late Quaternary winds were directionally equivalent to modern winds, which are controlled by the North Pacific anticyclone and by interactions between the North Pacific high and the interior basin low. These sand dunes contain buried, datable, carbonate-rich soils. Precipitation then, like the present rainfall regime, was not enough to leach the carbonates from the soils. Charcoal in buried dunes and soils shows that fire was environmentally important throughout the Quaternary, just as it is today. Fossil plants indicate that sclerophyllous vegetation and forest stands of conifers, adapted to a Mediterranean climate, were widely distributed during late Quaternary time. Fossil pollen in the Sierra Nevada indicates the influence of the North Pacific high. The historical precipitation record overlaps a late Holocene tree-ring record permitting extrapolation of the precipitation curve back nearly 600 years. Well-defined wet and dry trends in the precipitation pattern characterized this time span, and provide a possible analog to the earlier Holocene and Pleistocene precipitation regime. The paleoecologic record shows that the late Quaternary climate of coastal California was characterized by regimes similar to those prevailing today. The persistence of a Mediterranean climate in California during the last glaciation contrasts with dramatic climatic changes experienced in glaciated parts of North America. California thus was an Ice Age refugium for animals and cold-sensitive plants.

The late Quaternary limnological history of Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), Israel

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hazan ◽  
M. Stein ◽  
A. Agnon ◽  
S. Marco ◽  
D. Nadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Lake Kinneret ◽  
Climate History ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Dead

The freshwater Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee) and the hypersaline Dead Sea are remnant lakes, evolved from ancient water bodies that filled the tectonic depressions along the Dead Sea Transform (DST) during the Neogene–Quartenary periods. We reconstructed the limnological history (level and composition) of Lake Kinneret during the past ∼40,000 years and compared it with the history of the contemporaneous Lake Lisan from the aspect of the regional and global climate history. The lake level reconstruction was achieved through a chronological and sedimentological investigation of exposed sedimentary sections in the Kinnarot basin trenches and cores drilled at the Ohalo II archeological site. Shoreline chronology was established by radiocarbon dating of organic remains and of Melanopsis shells.The major changes in Lake Kinneret level were synchronous with those of the southern Lake Lisan. Both lakes dropped significantly ∼42,000, ∼30,000, 23,800, and 13,000 yr ago and rose ∼39,000, 26,000, 5000, and 1600 yr ago. Between 26,000 and 24,000 yr ago, the lakes merged into a unified water body and lake level achieved its maximum stand of ∼170 m below mean sea level (m bsl). Nevertheless, the fresh and saline water properties of Lake Kinneret and Lake Lisan, respectively, have been preserved throughout the 40,000 years studied. Calcium carbonate was always deposited as calcite in Lake Kinneret and as aragonite in Lake Lisan–Dead Sea, indicating that the Dead Sea brine (which supports aragonite production) never reached or affected Lake Kinneret, even during the period of lake high stand and convergence. The synchronous level fluctuation of lakes Kinneret, Lisan, and the Holocene Dead Sea is consistent with the dominance of the Atlantic–Mediterranean rain system on the catchment of the basin and the regional hydrology. The major drops in Lake Kinneret–Lisan levels coincide with the timing of cold spells in the North Atlantic that caused a shut down of rains in the East Mediterranean and the lakes drainage area.

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