Denudation history of the continental margin of western peninsular India since the early Mesozoic – reconciling apatite fission-track data with geomorphology

2003 ◽  
Vol 215 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gunnell ◽  
K. Gallagher ◽  
A. Carter ◽  
M. Widdowson ◽  
A.J. Hurford
Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Evgeny V. Vetrov ◽  
Johan De Grave ◽  
Natalia I. Vetrova ◽  
Fedor I. Zhimulev ◽  
Simon Nachtergaele ◽  
...  

The West Siberian Basin (WSB) is one of the largest intracratonic Meso-Cenozoic basins in the world. Its evolution has been studied over the recent decades; however, some fundamental questions regarding the tectonic evolution of the WSB remain unresolved or unconfirmed by analytical data. A complete understanding of the evolution of the WSB during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras requires insights into the cooling history of the basement rocks as determined by low-temperature thermochronometry. We presented an apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology study on the exposed parts of the WSB basement in order to distinguish tectonic activation episodes in an absolute timeframe. AFT dating of thirteen basement samples mainly yielded Cretaceous cooling ages and mean track lengths varied between 12.8 and 14.5 μm. Thermal history modeling based on the AFT data demonstrates several Mesozoic and Cenozoic intracontinental tectonic reactivation episodes affected the WSB basement. We interpreted the episodes of tectonic activity accompanied by the WSB basement exhumation as a far-field effect from tectonic processes acting on the southern and eastern boundaries of Eurasia during the Mesozoic–Cenozoic eras.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Spalding ◽  
Jeremy Powell ◽  
David Schneider ◽  
Karen Fallas

<p>Resolving the thermal history of sedimentary basins through geological time is essential when evaluating the maturity of source rocks within petroleum systems. Traditional methods used to estimate maximum burial temperatures in prospective sedimentary basin such as and vitrinite reflectance (%Ro) are unable to constrain the timing and duration of thermal events. In comparison, low-temperature thermochronology methods, such as apatite fission track thermochronology (AFT), can resolve detailed thermal histories within a temperature range corresponding to oil and gas generation. In the Peel Plateau of the Northwest Territories, Canada, Phanerozoic sedimentary strata exhibit oil-stained outcrops, gas seeps, and bitumen occurrences. Presently, the timing of hydrocarbon maturation events are poorly constrained, as a regional unconformity at the base of Cretaceous foreland basin strata indicates that underlying Devonian source rocks may have undergone a burial and unroofing event prior to the Cretaceous. Published organic thermal maturity values from wells within the study area range from 1.59 and 2.46 %Ro for Devonian strata and 0.54 and 1.83 %Ro within Lower Cretaceous strata. Herein, we have resolved the thermal history of the Peel Plateau through multi-kinetic AFT thermochronology. Three samples from Upper Devonian, Lower Cretaceous and Upper Cretaceous strata have pooled AFT ages of 61.0 ± 5.1 Ma, 59.5 ± 5.2 and 101.6 ± 6.7 Ma, respectively, and corresponding U-Pb ages of 497.4 ± 17.5 Ma (MSWD: 7.4), 353.5 ± 13.5 Ma (MSWD: 3.1) and 261.2 ± 8.5 Ma (MSWD: 5.9). All AFT data fail the χ<sup>2</sup> test, suggesting AFT ages do not comprise a single statistically significant population, whereas U-Pb ages reflect the pre-depositional history of the samples and are likely from various provenances. Apatite chemistry is known to control the temperature and rates at which fission tracks undergo thermal annealing. The r<sub>mro</sub> parameter uses grain specific chemistry to predict apatite’s kinetic behaviour and is used to identify kinetic populations within samples. Grain chemistry was measured via electron microprobe analysis to derive r<sub>mro</sub> values and each sample was separated into two kinetic populations that pass the χ<sup>2</sup> test: a less retentive population with ages ranging from 49.3 ± 9.3 Ma to 36.4 ± 4.7 Ma, and a more retentive population with ages ranging from 157.7 ± 19 Ma to 103.3 ± 11.8 Ma, with r<sub>mr0</sub> benchmarks ranging from 0.79 and 0.82. Thermal history models reveal Devonian strata reached maximum burial temperatures (~165°C-185°C) prior to late Paleozoic to Mesozoic unroofing, and reheated to lower temperatures (~75°C-110°C) in the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene. Both Cretaceous samples record maximum burial temperatures (75°C-95°C) also during the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene. These new data indicate that Devonian source rocks matured prior to deposition of Cretaceous strata and that subsequent burial and heating during the Cretaceous to Paleogene was limited to the low-temperature threshold of the oil window. Integrating multi-kinetic AFT data with traditional methods in petroleum geosciences can help unravel complex thermal histories of sedimentary basins. Applying these methods elsewhere can improve the characterisation of petroleum systems.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Bagdasaryan ◽  
Roman Veselovskiy ◽  
Viktor Zaitsev ◽  
Anton Latyshev

<p>The largest continental igneous province, the Siberian Traps, was formed within the Siberian platform at the Paleozoic-Mesozoic boundary, ca. 252 million years ago. Despite the continuous and extensive investigation of the duration and rate of trap magmatism on the Siberian platform, these questions are still debated. Moreover, the post-Paleozoic thermal history of the Siberian platform is almost unknown. This study aims to reconstruct the thermal history of the Siberian platform during the last 250 Myr using the low-temperature thermochronometry. We have studied intrusive complexes from different parts of the Siberian platform, such as the Kotuy dike, the Odikhincha, Magan and Essey ultrabasic alkaline massifs, the Norilsk-1 and Kontayskaya intrusions, and the Padunsky sill. We use apatite fission-track (AFT) thermochronology to assess the time since the rocks were cooled below 110℃. Obtained AFT ages (207-173 Ma) are much younger than available U-Pb and Ar/Ar ages of the traps. This pattern might be interpreted as a long cooling of the studied rocks after their emplacement ca. 250 Ma, but this looks quite unlikely because contradicts to the geological observations. Most likely, the rocks were buried under a thick volcanic-sedimentary cover and then exhumed and cooled below 110℃ ca. 207-173 Ma. Considering the increased geothermal gradient up to 50℃/km at that times, we can estimate the thickness of the removed overlying volcanic-sedimentary cover up to 207-173 Ma as about 2-3 km.</p><p>The research was carried out with the support of RFBR (grants 20-35-90066, 18-35-20058, 18-05-00590 and 18-05-70094) and the Program of development of Lomonosov Moscow State University.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. jgs2020-102
Author(s):  
Josué J. Jautzy ◽  
Martine M. Savard ◽  
Denis Lavoie ◽  
Omid H. Ardakani ◽  
Ryan S. Dhillon ◽  
...  

The Hudson Bay sedimentary basin was overlooked geologically until two decades ago. Recent efforts to understand the palaeogeothermal history of this basin have led to the evaluation of fluid inclusion microthermometry, apatite fission track, organic matter reflectance and Rock–Eval analyses. Although apatite fission track and organic maturity indicators tend to show relatively low maximum burial temperatures (60–80°C), evidence of potential oil slicks on the sea surface and oil and gas shows in offshore wells have been reported across Hudson Bay. Fluid inclusion microthermometry in a carbonate mound sequence suggests homogenization temperatures of 118 ± 25 and 93 ± 10°C for recrystallized synsedimentary marine calcite and late pore-filling burial calcite, respectively. This sequence provides an interesting geological framework to test the application of clumped isotope thermometry against independent geothermometers. Here, we present clumped isotope data acquired on the late calcite cements and diagenetically altered early marine phases. The integration of clumped isotopic data with other thermal indicators allows the reconstruction and refinement of the thermal–diagenetic history of these carbonates by confirming an episode of heating, probably of hydrothermal origin and prior to normal burial diagenesis, that reset both fluid inclusions and the clumped isotope indicators without recrystallization.


2016 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Li ◽  
Marc Jolivet ◽  
Zhicheng Zhang ◽  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Wenhao Tang

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