Music training and mental imagery ability

The present article describes a demonstration experiment used in a large introductory psychology class pertaining to mental imagery ability. The experiment is effective in providing a concrete instance of mental imagery as well as an effective discussion regarding individual differences and gender differences in imagery ability.

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Correlation Between Age of Stroke Patients and Mental Imagery to Improve Hand Function

Pakistan Journal of Physical Therapy (PJPT) ◽

10.52229/pjpt.v3i4.993 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 28-31

Author(s):

Iqra Muveen ◽

Waqar Afzal

Keyword(s):

Older Adult ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Mirror Neurons ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Hand Function ◽

Imagery Ability ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Physical Task

Mental imagery is the rehearsal of a physical task mentally, without execution of any physical task. The technique triggers the similar neurons (mirror neurons) of brain as are triggered by physical performance of the task. Objective: To find correlation between age of stroke patients and mental imagery to improve hand function.Methodology: A sample of 50 patients was selected from DHQ hospital Jhelum. The inclusion criteria were as follows; age 55-75, gender (male and female), and stroke duration more than 12 months. Patients of age below 55 and above 75, patients with parietal stroke were excluded from study. Patients were treated with mental imagery technique for 10 weeks, P<0.05.Results: Both male and females were included in study. Sample consisted of 67% females and 33% male. Mean age of participants was 56.42 + 1.36. WMFT was used as outcome measure. Post treatment mean WMFT score was 57.9. Pearson Correlation was used to find out correlation between age and mental imagery outcome. Conclusions: It was concluded that no correlation is present between age and mental imagery ability of older adult stroke patients. Older adults were benefited with mental imagery technique and a significant improvement in hand function ofstroke patients was found.

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Exploring the relationship between grapheme colour-picking consistency and mental imagery

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2019.0023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 374 (1787) ◽

pp. 20190023 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mary Jane Spiller ◽

Lee Harkry ◽

Fintan McCullagh ◽

Volker Thoma ◽

Clare Jonas

Keyword(s):

Mental Rotation ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Research Topic ◽

Self Report ◽

Imagery Ability ◽

Imagery Task ◽

Self Selection ◽

Proxy Measure ◽

Potential Link ◽

The Relationship

Previous research has indicated a potential link between mental imagery and synaesthesia. However, these findings are mainly based on imagery self-report measures and recruitment of self-selected synaesthetes. To avoid issues of self-selection and demand effects, we recruited participants from the general population, rather than synaesthetes specifically, and used colour-picking consistency tests for letters and numbers to assess a ‘synaesthete-like’ experience. Mental imagery ability and mental rotation ability were assessed using both self-report measures and behavioural assessments. Consistency in colour-picking for letters (but not numbers) was predicted by performance on the visual mental imagery task but not by a mental rotation task or self-report measures. Using the consistency score as a proxy measure of grapheme-colour synaesthesia, we provide more evidence for the suggestion that synaesthetic experience is associated with enhanced mental imagery, even when participants are naive to the research topic. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Bridging senses: novel insights from synaesthesia’.

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Stimulus Preference and Mental Imagery: Influencing the Way Sexual Stimuli are Viewed and the Intensity of Subjective Sexual Arousal

Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings ◽

10.24908/iqurcp.10449 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriella Boccone

Keyword(s):

Sexual Arousal ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Imagery Ability ◽

Stimulus Preference ◽

Sexual Stimuli ◽

Sex Research ◽

Sexual Stimulation ◽

Subjective Sexual Arousal ◽

The Relationship ◽

Preferred Stimulus

Background: The connection between mental imagery and feelings of presence within a film has not yet been investigated in sex research in relation to observational stance (imagining oneself as either a spectator or participant while viewing a film). Several studies have shown that people who take a participant stance when viewing a sexual film are more likely to report greater subjective sexual arousal (SSA). Research on observational stance has also found that viewing a preferred stimulus is predictive of taking a participant stance. Despite this, very few studies have allowed participants to select their own stimuli. Methodology: Sexual films that were researcher-selected or participant-selected will be presented to women and men, while continuously measuring their SSA. Information will be collected about observational stance and vividness of mental imagery via questionnaires. Expected Results: 1. Greater mental imagery ability will be associated with adopting a participant stance. 2. The relationship between mental imagery ability and taking a participant stance will be stronger for participant-selected sexual stimuli than for researcher-selected sexual stimuli. 3. Taking a participant stance will be associated with greater SSA. 4. The relationship between taking a participant stance and SSA will be stronger for participant-selected sexual stimuli than for researcher-selected stimuli. Conclusions: This project is the first to examine the relationship between mental imagery and observational stance for sexual stimuli, and is among the first to allow participants to self-select stimuli. Results of this project will encourage the development of standardized procedures for providing participants with optimal sexual stimulation.

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Individual differences in mental imagery ability: A computational analysis

Cognition ◽

10.1016/0010-0277(84)90025-8 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 18 (1-3) ◽

pp. 195-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 144

Author(s):

Stephen M. Kosslyn ◽

Jennifer Brunn ◽

Kyle R. Cave ◽

Roger W. Wallach

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Computational Analysis ◽

Imagery Ability

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Seating Preference, Hypnotizability, and Imagery Ability

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1980.50.3c.1175 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 50 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1175-1178 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jacquelyn Cranney ◽

Kevin M. Mc Conkey

Keyword(s):

Mental Imagery ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Imagery Ability ◽

Hypnotic Susceptibility ◽

Creative Imagination ◽

Male And Female ◽

The Right ◽

Female Subjects

The effects of a specific hemispheric mode of functioning as indexed by lateralized seating preference was tested separately for male and female subjects in terms of their performance on the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Form A, the Creative Imagination Scale, and Betts' Questionnaire Upon Mental Imagery. Males, but not females, who preferred right-side seating scored higher on the Harvard scale but not on the Creative Imagination Scale or Betts' imagery questionnaire. Findings provide some support for the notion that hypnotizability is associated with the right hemisphere for right-handed persons.

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Exploring synaesthetes’ mental imagery abilities across multiple sensory modalities

Seeing and Perceiving ◽

10.1163/187847612x648459 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (0) ◽

pp. 219

Author(s):

Mary Jane Spiller

Keyword(s):

Mental Imagery ◽

Visual Imagery ◽

Perceptual Processing ◽

Self Report ◽

Questionnaire Study ◽

Imagery Ability ◽

Spatial Imagery ◽

Everyday Activities ◽

Sensory Modalities

Previous research on the mental imagery abilities of synaesthetes has concentrated on visual and spatial imagery in synaesthetes with spatial forms (Price, 2009, 2010; Simner et al., 2008) and letter-colour synaesthesia (Spiller and Jansari, 2008). Though Barnett and Newell (2008) asked synaesthetes of all types to fill out a questionnaire on visual imagery, most of their synaesthetes reported some form of linguistic–colour synaesthesia. We extend the investigation of mental imagery to a wider variety of synaesthesia types and a wider variety of sensory modalities using a questionnaire study and several tests of visual and auditory mental imagery ability. Our results indicate that, as a group, synaesthetes report making greater use of mental imagery than non-synaesthetes, in everyday activities. Furthermore, they self-report greater vividness of visual, auditory, tactile, and taste imagery than do non-synaesthetes. However, as a group the synaesthetes are not seen to do significantly better at the mental imagery tasks, in either the visual or auditory modalities. These results have important implications for our understanding of synaesthesia, in relation to potential fundamental differences in perceptual processing of synaesthetes and non-synaesthetes.

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Recovery of Motor Imagery Ability in Stroke Patients

Rehabilitation Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2011/283840 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Sjoerd de Vries ◽

Marga Tepper ◽

Bert Otten ◽

Theo Mulder

Keyword(s):

Motor Imagery ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Hand Function ◽

Mental Practice ◽

Imagery Ability ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Motor Functioning ◽

Rehabilitation Process ◽

Implicit Motor ◽

The Relationship

Objective. To investigate whether motor imagery ability recovers in stroke patients and to see what the relationship is between different types of imagery and motor functioning after stroke.Methods. 12 unilateral stroke patients were measured at 3 and 6 weeks poststroke on 3 mental imagery tasks. Arm-hand function was evaluated using the Utrecht Arm-Hand task and the Brunnström Fugl-Meyer Scale. Age-matched healthy individuals (N=10) were included as controls.Results. Implicit motor imagery ability and visual motor imagery ability improved significantly at 6 weeks compared to 3 weeks poststroke.Conclusion. Our study shows that motor imagery can recover in the first weeks after stroke. This indicates that a group of patients who might not be initially selected for mental practice can, still later in the rehabilitation process, participate in mental practice programs. Moreover, our study shows that mental imagery modalities can be differently affected in individual patients and over time.

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Spatial Imagery: A New Measure of the Visualization Factor

Imagination Cognition and Personality ◽

10.2190/ic.29.1.c ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Alfredo Campos

Keyword(s):

Spatial Ability ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Psychology Students ◽

Good Measure ◽

Imagery Ability ◽

Spatial Imagery ◽

Factor I ◽

Undergraduate Psychology

This study proposes a new measure of spatial ability based on the measure of the visualization factor. I assessed the reliability and the validity of the Measure of the Ability to Form Spatial Mental Imagery (MASMI). The test was designed consisting of an unfolded cube that the subjects had to mentally reassemble before replying to 23 questions related to the cube. Each question had 4 multiple choices, 2 true and 2 false, the total score being the sum of all the correct answers and then subtracting the wrong responses. The sample consisted of 138 undergraduate psychology students, with a mean age of 20.1 years. I obtained a Cronbach's α of .93. The MASMI was correlated to different imagery measures—i.e., imagery questionnaires and spatial tests. The results reveal that the new test provides a good measure for the assessment of imagery ability. Fresh lines of research are proposed in relation to these tests.

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What Are Confident Athletes Imaging?: An Examination of Image Content

The Sport Psychologist ◽

10.1123/tsp.10.2.171 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 171-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Sandra E. Moritz ◽

Craig R. Hall ◽

Kathleen A. Martin ◽

Eva Vadocz

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Regression Analysis ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Visual Imagery ◽

Imagery Ability ◽

Image Content ◽

Hierarchical Multiple Regression ◽

Mastery Experiences ◽

Sport Skills ◽

The Relationship

Despite the advocacy of a confidence-enhancing function of mental imagery, the relationship between confidence and imagery has received little attention from sport researchers. The primary purpose of the present study was to identify the specific image content of confident athletes. Fifty-seven elite competitive rollerskaters completed the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-R), the Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ), and the State Sport Confidence Inventory (SSCI). Results revealed that high sport-confident athletes used more mastery and arousal imagery, and had better kinesthetic and visual imagery ability than low sport-confident athletes did. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that mastery imagery accounted for the majority of variance in SSCI scores (20%). The results of this study suggest that when it comes to sport confidence, the imaged rehearsal of specific sport skills may not be as important as the imagery of sport-related mastery experiences and emotions.

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