Prevalence of Upper Cross Syndrome in Different Occupations

Upper crossed syndrome is caused by weak lower and middle trapezius, tight upper trapezius and levator scapulae, weak deep-neck flexors, tight sub occipital muscles and sternocleidomastoid, weak serratus anterior, and tight pectoralis major and minor Objective: To find prevalence of upper cross syndrome in different occupations Methodology: In this cross sectional study data was collected from department of physical therapy Hamza Medical Centre, Islamabad. Study was conducted in 6 months (June 2019 to December 2019).Sample size was 37 that was collected through Epitool calculator. Participants were made aware of the study Pectoralis major contracture test was performed to check the pectoral muscles tightness. After that, trapezius weakness test was performed. In this test weakness of middle and lower trapezius muscle was assessed Verbal consent form was taken. Data collection tools were Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) and Neck disability index (Pain).Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: Total 37 participants were recruited for this The mean age for the participants was 32.11+ 5.606.There were 54.5% male participants and 45.95 female participants.%. Prevalence of upper cross syndrome in desk workers was (12)32.43%.Pravalence of Upper Cross syndrome in Drivers was (9)924.325.Pravalence of upper cross syndrome in House wives was (10)27.035.Pravalence of Upper cross syndrome in teachers was (6)16.22%. Conclusion: This research concluded that there is prevalence of upper cross syndrome in different occupations. This study also concluded that rest and medicine are reliving factors for upper cross syndrome participants

Correlation Between Age of Stroke Patients and Mental Imagery to Improve Hand Function

Mental imagery is the rehearsal of a physical task mentally, without execution of any physical task. The technique triggers the similar neurons (mirror neurons) of brain as are triggered by physical performance of the task. Objective: To find correlation between age of stroke patients and mental imagery to improve hand function.Methodology: A sample of 50 patients was selected from DHQ hospital Jhelum. The inclusion criteria were as follows; age 55-75, gender (male and female), and stroke duration more than 12 months. Patients of age below 55 and above 75, patients with parietal stroke were excluded from study. Patients were treated with mental imagery technique for 10 weeks, P<0.05.Results: Both male and females were included in study. Sample consisted of 67% females and 33% male. Mean age of participants was 56.42 + 1.36. WMFT was used as outcome measure. Post treatment mean WMFT score was 57.9. Pearson Correlation was used to find out correlation between age and mental imagery outcome. Conclusions: It was concluded that no correlation is present between age and mental imagery ability of older adult stroke patients. Older adults were benefited with mental imagery technique and a significant improvement in hand function ofstroke patients was found.

Prevalence of Shoulder, Back and Neck Pain in Female Nurses of Nishtar Hospital, Multan

Work related musculoskeletal disorder is increasing ration in nursing population of hospital about 33% which in result affect the quality of life and limits the activity of daily living Objective: To nd prevalence of back, shoulder and neckpain in female nurses of Nishtar hospital Multan Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted onfemale nurses of Nishter Hospital, Multan. Non Probability Convenience sampling technique was used and total of 80 nurses were participated in this study. Nordic questionnaire and visualanalogue scale was used tool for data collection. Nurses of age 18-55, Student professional nurses, nurses willing to participate, nurses having minimum one year experience in this field wereincluded while nurses who refused to participate in this study, pregnant nurses, nurses having spinal issue and systemic problems were excluded from the study. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 22.0 version. Results:63.8% nurses were having low back pain, 40% nurses having neck pain and 38.75 complaints about the shoulder pain. The results of chisquare test revealed p<0.05 which showed that there was analytical significant symbolic affiliation between neck, shoulder, Low back pain and Working hours /week.Conclusions:Majority nurses reported they suffer from low back, neck and shoulder pain. Working for long time or increased working hours is a potential risk factor for low back, neck and shoulderProblems.

Prevalence of Hamstring Tightness Due to Prolonged Sitting Among Administrative Staff of Government College University, Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Ofce Faisalabad

Hamstring muscle (HMS) tightness is known as the impotence of full knee extension while the hip is flexed which creates discomfort or pain along hip to knee in posterior compartment of thigh. The aim of this study is to evaluate thep r e v a l e n c e o f H M S t i g h t n e s s a m o n g administrative staff due to prolonged sitting. Objective: To evaluate the HMS tightness due to prolonged sitting among administrative staff. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 274 participants from administrative staff of Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Office Faisalabad (Fsd). To measure the poplitealangle, Active Knee Extension Test (AKE) was performed. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 17. Results: This study showed that out of 274 participants 152 subjects showed hamstring tightness with prevalence of 55.5%. As the age advances, the HMS tightness also increases. Conclusions: The present study shows that almost more than half participants from administrative staff of GCUF, Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Office Fsd have HMS tightness.

Cancer: A Life Threatening Peril Becoming Lifestyle Disease

Caner a dreadful disease is actually one large group of diseases which dates back to times of “Hippocrates”, The Father of Medicine, (460-370BC) who used this name for the first time to talk about non-ulcer and ulcer forming tumors. Theevidence of its presence from the very past history comes from fossilized “Egyptian Mummies” having tumors on bones. Then Galen (130-200 AD) used the term “Oncos” to explain tumors. So it's a disease involving growth of abnormal cells, their proliferation and metastasizing the other tissues and organs. Now we know that biology has a branch namedOncology to deal with the scientific study of cancer and oncogenes. It took centuries to get knowledge and use modern technologies against this malady. Now we know cancer is a group disease which has hundreds of types. 19th Century saw much advancement towards its cure. Along with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were the main methods to cure cancer patients. Day by day, scientists are looking for new methods to control and cure of this curse. Hundreds of natural medicinal compounds are being tested to use clinically for its cure in order to replace the radiotherapy andchemotherapy and lower their side effects. But humanity is still fighting against this disease as the numbers of cases throughout the world are increasing day by day. If we look on the reports p r e s e n t e d b y W H O ( W o r l d H e a l t hOrganization), Cancer is the second leading cause of deaths globally which means one person in every six deaths, dies due to cancer. In 2018, the most common types of cancers reported in men were of liver, prostate, stomach, lung andcolorectal. Whereas in females the most common forms were breast, thyroid, cervical and colorectal. Cancer has become a global disasterfamily of the patient. It imparts physical, emotional and financial crisis. Unfortunately, the condition is bitterer in under developing countries. Cancer has become a lifestyle disease these days. We are living in the world withsuperficial comfort but we are breathing with urbanizations, ozone depletion, exposure to microwave and ultraviolet radiations, hazardous chemicals etc. Moreover, It is becoming a lifestyle disease due to lack of exercise, Obesity, consumptions of drugs, tobacco and alcohols. The cases of cancers are reported more in urban areas than in rural areasmore likely due to above mentioned factors. The ratio of cancer patients is expected to raise up-to 27.5 million by 2040 globally. So the battle is never ending, Humans need to figure out the factors and cutting these from their lives in orderto live a healthy life which is a blessing indeed. which is not only crunching the cancer patient but it also has damaging effects on the whole

Association Between Patient's Characteristics and Hamstring Flexibility in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Knee osteoarthritis is most common among patients. Patients with knee Osteoarthritis usually have pain, brittle bone and felt difficulty during movement. Mostly individuals after forty years of age have felt the symptom of knee osteoarthritis.Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the association between patients characteristic and hamstring flexibility in knee osteoarthritis.Methodology: cross sectional study was conducted in one hundred and one patients that were selected from rehabilitation centre of Allied hospital, Faisalabad. The study duration was six months. Participants with knee osteoarthritis ( stage 1 & 2), age forty to sixty five years were involved in this study if they had nerve related issues, bone or muscle related disorder were not counted in this study. Subject's characteristics such as their profession, age, pain location as well as duration of pain related questions were asked from patients. Active knee extension test was used for recording the hamstring length. Chi square test was used to determine the association.Results: Men were 38(37.6%) and women 63(62.4%).Occupations of patients had influence on hamstring flexibility (P˂0.000) while patient's age (P˂0.071) durations of pain (P˂0.856) and pain region (P˂0.956) had not associated with hamstring flexibility.Conclusions:It is concluded that patient's characteristic in which only occupations of patients had compromised the hamstring flexibility in knee osteoarthritis subjects rather than age, duration of pain and pain region.

Level of Postural Awareness Among Teaching Staff of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad

Postural problems are very common these days among youth including office workers, University staff, students and from other walks of life.Objective: To evaluate the level of postural awareness and proper positioning during differenttasks performed by teaching staff of University of Azad Jammu &Kashmir, Muzzafarabad (UAJ&K).Methodology: A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling technique was conducted in UAJ&K. In this study 100 faculty members, bothmale and females, with age between 25 to 55 years were included. 54% were males. The data was analyzed on SPSS version 22.Results: 63% worked for 4-8 hours daily, 95%,respondents traveled 1-7 hour daily and 61% had knowledge about posture, among them 47% had back and 20% had neck pain. Majority of the teaching staff used improper positioning during different work.Conclusions: There was moderate level of information regarding correct positioning duringwork in different environment. They used improper postures which leads to physical abnormality,absenteeism, increased expenditure on their treatment.

Frequency of Work-related Low Back Pain and Disability Among Automobile Mechanics in Lahore

Automobile mechanic work is an extensive and physically hard job. Consequently, the automobile workers suffer from ergonomic risk factors including Low Back Pain (LBP) as a major.Objective: To find out the prevalence of Low Back pain (LBP) and disability among automobile mechanics in Lahore.Methodology:The study was cross-sectional and included 180 automechanics of Lahore. Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (OLBPDQ) was used to measure the disability caused by pain. Pain was measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data was collected from 180 auto mechanics from auto repair shops of Lahore.Results:Out of 180 individuals, 125 subjects reported LBP with average age of 30±5.3 years. 87 individuals (69.6%) were minimally disabled and 31 individuals (24.8%) experienced moderate disability, whereas only 7 individuals (5.6%) experienced severedisability in activities of daily living (ADLs).Conclusions:LBP is highly frequent among automobile mechanics. Majority of the individuals suffering from LBP had minimal disability. The rate of moderate disability was also noticeable but number of individuals with severe disability was very low. Overall, LBP disturbed the quality of life.

Prevalence of Thumb Pain Among Physiotherapists Perform Manual Techniques During Clinical Practice

Th u m b p a i n a m o n g t h e physiotherapists is common occupational hazards. The physiotherapists working in their fields perform repetitively manual techniques, massage, mobilization and glides etc. This occupation needs tofind out the number of physiotherapists having thumb pain due to manual work they perform during clinicalpractice in different rehabilitation centers. Objective: To determine the frequency of thumb pain among physiotherapists perform manual techniques in clinical practice; a cross sectional study Methodology: A cross-sectional study design with convenient sampling technique was used, with sample size 190 to determine the frequency of thumbpain among physiotherapists in Lahore and data was analyzed by SPSS, mean and standard deviation wascalculated for the quantitative variable while qualitative variable was presented in the form of frequency and percentage.Results: In the present study a self-made questionnaire was distributed among 190 physiotherapists. Among 190 participants 58(30.5%)were male and 132(69.5%) were Females. 40(21.1%) felt pain while performing ischemic pressure release from thumb. 38(20.0%) felt pain while giving massage. 12(6.3%) felt pain while holding an objectbetween thumb and index finger. 2(1.1%) felt pain in circumduction. (5.3%) felt pain while making snuff box. 24(12.6%) felt pain in isometric exercises of thumb. 27(14.2%) felt pain in hyper flexion at DIP. 17(8.9%) felt pain in hyper flexion at PIP. 51(26.8%) rated 3 pain and 15(7.9%) rate 5 pain on VAS. Conclusions: Study concluded that frequency of thumb pain among physiotherapists working in different hospitals of Lahore was found to be 35.26%. This thumb pain was due to their professional techniques including, manual therapy, ischemic pressure release, massage, mobilization, and gliding etc.

Emerging Trends in the Field of Physical Therapy

There are some major advancements trending in Physical therapy field including wearable vibrating posture sensors, gait-correcting insoles monitoring devices such as Fitbit video games programmed to make treatment sessions moreenjoyable, and sensors for helmets that warn sports persons and physiotherapists of possible impacts causing concussion1. With the invention of the Ekso suit, an aluminum and titanium exoskeleton that allows patients/clients facing different stages of paralysis or hemiparesis with movement, the Berkeley-based Ekso Bionics Company set new standards in rehabilitation facilities and gait training. Moreover for patients/clients suffering from neurologicalimpairments which are traumatic brain injury, strokes, and cerebral paralysis, another promising option for rehab therapists are therapy robots, which help therapists with exercises and can accelerate recovery. More andmore clinicians have begun integrating the Xbox Kinect and Nintendo Wii into therapy plans over the past few years. Wii games are designed to use motion-sensitive controls and repeated motions equivalent to physical therapy. In addition tohelping victims of stroke and people suffering from knee surgery, video game workouts have been found to help people recover from brain injury and patients in ICUs. The application of virtual reality technology in PT has expanded afascinating, interactive treatment session in a virtual world to virtual reality rehab. The CAREN-Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) VR system is designed to support stroke patients or patients with seriousinjuries, geriatric population with disability and improve their sense of stability and mobility2. The Recovery Tracker software from Reflexing Health offers advised client-specific videos with proper instructions and guidelines, trainingresources, and exercises. The software allowstherapists to track client's success plus monitor his/her progress in real time and in addition allows them to visually check their clients carrying out the exercises with the help of Kinectcamera. In 2010, Chase Curtiss created “Sway”, a solution for concussion management that highlights the forever present risks linked with chronic or untreated head injuries, to assist "health professionals manage objective balanceand reaction time virtually testing in any setting.” Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Utah is working on wearables that notify when the gait speed of a patient decreases, so that they can intervene before a patient falls.These devices can be used within and outside of the clinic to monitor patients, while offering actual measures which avoid exhaustion or injury.Physical therapy is a hands-on field, and will always be, but for sure technology canalways play a significant part. Progresses in r o b o t i c s a n d b i o n i c s a r e h e l p i n g physiotherapists to diagnose more reliably and boost treatment efficiencies which in addition enhance patient/client involvement andcompliance with Home Exercise Program(HEP). All of this results in an improved patient/client experience, eventually leading to enhanced and long-term outcomes in return.