Effect of ambient water temperature on sex determinism in the blue tilapia Oreochromis aureus

Aquaculture ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 162 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Desprez ◽  
C Mélard
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Oreochromis Aureus ◽  
Ambient Water Temperature ◽  
Sex Determinism ◽  
Blue Tilapia

Diving behavior in relation to ambient water temperature in northern elephant seals

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Hakoyama ◽  
Burney J. Le Boeuf ◽  
Yasuhiko Naito ◽  
Wataru Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Elephant Seal ◽  
Diving Behavior ◽  
Mirounga Angustirostris ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Northern Elephant Seal ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Northern Elephant Seals ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Ambient Water Temperature

Our aim was to describe changes in ambient water temperature during the course of migration by northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) and to examine evidence for the seal using abrupt temperature gradients for locating prey. During migration in the post breeding season, the diving patterns of 10 adult females and 7 breeding-age males from Año Nuevo, California, were recorded with time–depth recorders in 1989–1991. Recorded sea surface temperatures declined from 11–13 °C to a low of 3–9 °C as the seals moved north and increased as they returned. Depth of diving was not closely linked to sharp thermal gradients. A thermocline was evident only at the beginning and end of the migration in less than 100 m of water, where less than 2% of diving takes place. There were sex differences in the temperature range at the depths where 75% of diving and foraging occurred, owing in part to habitat separation. The temperatures were lower and the range narrower for females (4.2–5.2 °C at 388–622 m) than for males (5.3–6.0 °C at 179–439 m). We conclude that the northern elephant seal habitat does not provide abrupt changes in temperature that might serve as important cues for locating prey.

Longevity, Body Size, and Growth in Anadromous Brown Trout (Salmo trutta)

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1838-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bror Jonsson ◽  
Jan Henning L'Abée-Lund ◽  
Tor G. Heggberget ◽  
Arne J. Jensen ◽  
Bjørn O. Johnsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Ambient Water Temperature ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Interpopulation Variation ◽  
Temperature And Growth

Longevity in 25 populations of anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta) showed a significant trend with increasing life span at latitudes of 58–70°N in Norway, with the largest change from 58 to 60°N. Moreover, longevity was negatively correlated with temperature and growth rate in freshwater and at sea. Body size was negatively correlated with water temperature and growth rate in freshwater, but not with latitude or water temperature and growth rate at sea. Thus, conditions influencing development and metabolic rates in fresh water seem more important than conditions in the sea in determining variation in longevity and body size of anadromous brown trout. Our results support the hypothesis that interpopulation variation in longevity and body size is influenced by rate of metabolism, chiefly influenced by ambient water temperature.

Influence of Temperature and Light on Rates of Inorganic Nitrogen Transport by Algae in an Arctic Lake

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1310-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Whalen ◽  
V. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Arctic Lake ◽  
Light Dependence ◽  
Tracer Techniques ◽  
Half Saturation Constant ◽  
Ambient Water Temperature ◽  
The Individual

Nitrogen-15 tracer techniques were used to assess the individual effects of temperature and light on maximum rates of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) transport by phytoplankton in an arctic lake. Transport rates of NO3− and NH4+ as a function of temperature in the range 3–30 °C were adequately described by second- or third-order polynomial functions. The optimum temperature for DIN transport was greater than the ambient water temperature by as much as 13°; thus, transport at the ambient water temperature averaged only 55–60% of optimum. Mean temperature coefficients [Formula: see text] for NO3− and NH4+ transport in the temperature range >0–15 °C were 2.3 ± 0.5 and 2.4 ± 0.3. The ratio of dark to light-saturated DIN transport (ρD/ρL) was used as a measure of light dependence in maximum rates of DIN transport. Values of ρD/ρL[Formula: see text] for NO3− and NH4+ were 0.15 ± 0.09 and 0.41 ± 0.11, indicating a stronger light dependence for NO3− than NH4+ transport. In cases where dark NO3− transport was negligible, light was treated as a substrate and the Michaelis–Menten relationship fitted to the data. The half-saturation constant for light intensity in maximum NO3− transport ranged from 7 to 29 μE∙m−2∙s−1, which was 6–31% of the photosynthetically active radiation at the lake surface.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Livewell Additives on Largemouth Bass Survival

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G. Ostrand ◽  
Michael J. Siepker ◽  
David H. Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Ambient Water Temperature ◽  
Delayed Mortality

Abstract Livewell conditions during competitive angling events are thought to affect fish mortality. We examined the effects of livewell additives on initial and delayed mortality of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. We applied three treatments (salt, ice, or salt and ice) to livewells during tournaments conducted on lakes in Illinois, United States, as well as in laboratory and pond experiments designed to examine the effects of fish size and ambient water temperature on mortality. Fish were collected after tournament weigh-in procedures were completed and monitored for delayed mortality every 24 h for 5 d. Initial mortality did not differ among livewell additives during these field experiments. Although delayed mortality was high (35%), it was not significantly different among livewells that contained salt (56%), ice (48%), ice and salt (40%), and controls (30%). Additives administered during the laboratory experiments, at cool water temperatures, resulted in significantly lower delayed mortalities than those observed during the field experiments when ambient water temperatures were warmer. Initial and delayed mortality did not differ among livewell additives during the laboratory experiments. Larger fish in field experiments had significantly greater delayed mortality than smaller fish in the pond experiments even though initial and delayed mortality did not differ among livewell additives. Our results suggest that fish size and ambient water temperature have a greater influence on delayed mortality observed during competitive angling events than the specific livewell additives studied here.

Post-harvest storage control of mango stem-end rot with fungicidal dips

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
AT Muller ◽  
JR Burt
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Lasiodiplodia Theobromae ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Ambient Water Temperature ◽  
Hot Water Dip

Stem-end rot, Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griff. and Maubl. was controlled in harvested mango fruit for up to 4 weeks by fungicidal dipping of pared fruit followed by storage at 13�C. Stem-end rot was significantly (P< 0.05) reduced by a 0.025% prochloraz dip at an ambient water temperature of 31�C or by a 0.05% benomyl dip at 50�C water temperature, com pared with ambient water dipping at 31�C. A hot water dip at 50�C, or 0.1% thiabendazole at 50�C water tem perature, did not significantly control stem-end rot.

scholarly journals TUNAS AS SMALL AS 207 mm FORK LENGTH CAN ELEVATE MUSCLE TEMPERATURES SIGNIFICANTLY ABOVE AMBIENT WATER TEMPERATURE

1994 ◽  
Vol 190 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Ambient Water Temperature ◽  
Red Muscle ◽  
Counter Current ◽  
Current Heat

Tunas (family Scombridae) maintain muscle temperatures (Tm) elevated significantly above ambient water temperature (Ta) by using vascular counter-current heat exchangers (retia mirabilia) to conserve metabolic heat generated by continuous contraction of red muscle fibers. Previous work has documented endothermy and both behavioral and physiological thermoregulation in tunas, but only individuals greater than approximately 1 kg body mass had been studied. The purpose of this study was to measure Tm and to examine heat exchanger morphology in smaller fish in order to determine the minimum size at which tunas can elevate Tm significantly above Ta. Measurements of Tm made immediately after capture in field-caught and laboratory-raised tunas (Euthynnus lineatus, Auxis thazard, A. rochei and Thunnus albacares) spanning a size range of 15.5&shy;667 mm fork length (FL) show that tunas 207 mm FL (162.3 g) and larger can elevate red muscle temperature by at least 3.0&deg;C above Ta. E. lineatus, A. thazard and A. rochei of this size possess blood vessels serving the red muscle that are arranged as both lateral and central heat exchangers; the smallest tuna with evidence of a rete was a 108.5 mm FL E. lineatus. In the ectothermic scombrid Scomberomorus sierra (108.7&shy;132.0 mm FL), Tm was elevated 0.2&shy;0.5&deg;C above Ta, and the greatest Tm elevation reported in any ectothermic species is only 2.7&deg;C. Taken together, these data provide evidence that tunas greater than 207 mm FL are endothermic.

Spring flood: a primary cue for hatching of river spawning Coregoninae

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 2190-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor Næsje ◽  
Bror Jonssons ◽  
Jostein Skurdal
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Coregonus Lavaretus ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Coregonus Albula ◽  
Egg Incubation ◽  
Ambient Water Temperature

Increased water discharge during spring floods gives the primary cue for the start of hatching and drift of European vendace (Coregonus albula) and whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) in the Norwegian River Lâgen. The drift increased with water flow for discharges between 50 and 850 m3∙s−1 (vendace: R2 = 0.91; whitefish: R2 = 0.77). The length of hatching period, as judged from the drift, was negatively correlated with the increase in water discharge (vendace: R2 = 0.73; whitefish: R2 = 0.68). The length of the egg incubation period and time of hatching were not significantly correlated with the ambient water temperature. Two artificial floods (220 m3∙s−1), released before normal spring flooding, increased the total number of drifting Coregoninae larvae in the river. The first flood increased the number of vendace and whitefish larvae per second from 2.1 and 0.0 to 86.1 and 4.5, respectively, before returning to preflood levels. The second flood gave 18.9 and 1.8 individuals/s.

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