Chapter 58: Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on choroid plexus blood flow and cerebrospinal fluid production

Using laser-Doppler flowmetry during ventriculocisternal perfusion with inulin-[14C]carboxylic acid, choroid plexus blood flow (CPBF) and CSF production were measured simultaneously in rats during periods of 3 h. Blood flow and CSF production decreased only slightly during control experiments. The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was studied at different concentrations of the peptide given either intraventricularly or intravenously. Intraventricular administration of VIP (10−9 or 10−7 M) resulted in a decrease in CSF production of up to 30%, while CPBF increased by 20%, also demonstrating that CSF production and blood flow are not directly coupled in the choroid plexus. When infused intravenously, VIP (10 or 100 pmol/kg/min) increased CPBF, an effect partly antagonized at higher concentrations owing to a VIP-induced systemic hypotension. No effect of VIP on CSF production could be seen with intravenous administration.

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Cerebrospinal fluid production and its relationship to cerebral metabolism and cerebral blood flow

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.197.4.825 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 197 (4) ◽

pp. 825-828 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Edgar A. Bering

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Choroid Plexus ◽

Cerebral Metabolism ◽

Oxygen Metabolism ◽

Csf Flow ◽

Constant Composition ◽

Fluid Production

The cerebrospinal fluid production has been studied in the dog under conditions of maximum obtainable flow rates from the cisterna magna. Under these conditions the fluid had constant composition and was assumed to represent the cerebrospinal fluid in the intact state. Cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption were measured by the method of Kety and Schmidt. The only significant correlations found were with oxygen consumption when the CSF flow rate was in terms of brain weight and with cerebral blood flow and cerebral vascular resistance when CSF flow was in terms of choroid plexus weight. A combined regression equation was calculated which satisfactorily accounted for the observed CSF flow: CSF cu mm/min. = .128 x CMRO2 x brain wgt. + 0.15 x CVR x choroid plexus wt. This suggested separate physiological processes, one correlated with oxygen metabolism and one with hydrodynamic factors of the cerebral blood flow. The data demonstrated that the choroid plexus alone could not have accounted for the entire CSF flow and some must have come from another source, presumably the brain.

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Effects of enhanced cerebrospinal fluid levels of vasopressin, vasopressin antagonist or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on circadian sleep-wake rhythm in the rat

Brain Research ◽

10.1016/0006-8993(87)90570-1 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 419 (1-2) ◽

pp. 76-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

J. Kruisbrink ◽

M. Mirmiran ◽

T.P. Van der Woude ◽

G.J. Boer

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽

Vasopressin Antagonist ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels ◽

Fluid Levels ◽

Intestinal Polypeptide

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Innervation of the pancreas by substance P, enkephalin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin/CCK immunoractive nerves.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/27.9.479572 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 1283-1284 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

L I Larsson

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Substance P ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽

Pancreatic Blood Flow ◽

Major Site ◽

Site Of Action ◽

Immunocytochemical Studies ◽

Intestinal Polypeptide

Immunocytochemical studies habe shown that many peptides which profoundly affect the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas are localized to neurons. In the cat, such peptidergic nerves appear to innervate ganglia, islets and blood vessels of the pancreas, whereas their contributions to exocrine cells are minor. Our studies suggest that pancreatic ganglia represent one major site of action of the peptides and that, in addition, nerves containing the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin/CCK-related peptides profoundly affect pancreatic blood flow and insulin secretion, respectively.

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Aspects on the Role of Tachykinins and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in Control of Secretion, Motility and Blood Flow in the Gut

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - Sensory Nerves and Neuropeptides in Gastroenterology ◽

10.1007/978-1-4899-0744-8_21 ◽

1991 ◽

pp. 233-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elvar Theodorsson ◽

Bengt Smedfors ◽

Per Hellström ◽

Olof Söder ◽

Andreas Aly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽

Intestinal Polypeptide

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Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide reduces hydrochloric acid-induced duodenal mucosal permeability

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1993.264.2.g272 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 264 (2) ◽

pp. G272-G279 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

O. Nylander ◽

E. Wilander ◽

G. M. Larson ◽

L. Holm

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽

Lesion Score ◽

Morphological Examination ◽

Mucosal Permeability ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

51Cr Edta ◽

Intestinal Polypeptide

The duodenum in anesthetized rats was perfused with HCl, and mucosal integrity was assessed by measuring the clearance of 51Cr-labeled EDTA from blood to lumen and/or by morphological examination (lesion score). Duodenal blood flow was determined by laser Doppler flowmetry and luminal alkalinization as well as H+ disappearance by backtitration. Intravenous infusion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP; 13.5 micrograms.kg-1.h-1) increased luminal alkalinization threefold and decreased clearance of 51Cr-EDTA by 50%. VIP also decreased arterial blood pressure and induced a small and irregular decrease in duodenal blood flow. Perfusion with 10 mM HCl increased clearance of 51Cr-EDTA 2.1-fold, but the lesion score was not different from that in saline-perfused animals. Perfusion with 20 mM HCl increased clearance of 51Cr-EDTA four-fold and induced a greater lesion score than did 10 mM. Perfusion with either 10 or 20 mM HCl did not affect the duodenal blood flow. VIP reduced the rise in clearance of 51Cr-EDTA in response to 10 mM but not that to 20 mM HCl. Intravenous injection of prazosin (50 micrograms/kg) decreased luminal alkalinization, clearance of 51Cr-EDTA, blood pressure, and duodenal blood flow. In prazosin-pretreated rats, perfusion with 10 mM HCl increased clearance of 51Cr-EDTA 2.6-fold, and the lesion score was greater in this group than in animals infused with VIP. A positive linear correlation was obtained between HCO3- secretion and the mean rate of H+ disappearance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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The Cerebrospinal Fluid: Production, Circulation, and Absorption, Ciba Foundation Symposium

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.22.6.1152 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1152-1152

Author(s):

JONATHAN T. LANMAN

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Choroid Plexus ◽

Early Development ◽

Clinical Medicine ◽

Ciba Foundation Symposium ◽

Fluid Production

This Ciba Symposium records the proceedings of a meeting held in London in May, 1957 to discuss the cerebrospinal fluid. The papers presented may be roughly grouped in the fields of anatomy, physiology, and clinical medicine. Those in the field of anatomy are excellent and in keeping with the current renaissance in this field. They include observations on the early development of the telencephalic choroid plexus, suggesting a progression of diverse functions for this tissue during ontogeny, and a study of the mature choroid plexus using the electron microscope.

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