scholarly journals Innervation of the pancreas by substance P, enkephalin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin/CCK immunoractive nerves.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1283-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
L I Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Pancreatic Blood Flow ◽  
Major Site ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Immunocytochemical Studies ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Immunocytochemical studies habe shown that many peptides which profoundly affect the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas are localized to neurons. In the cat, such peptidergic nerves appear to innervate ganglia, islets and blood vessels of the pancreas, whereas their contributions to exocrine cells are minor. Our studies suggest that pancreatic ganglia represent one major site of action of the peptides and that, in addition, nerves containing the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin/CCK-related peptides profoundly affect pancreatic blood flow and insulin secretion, respectively.

scholarly journals A Light and Electron Microscopic Immunohistochemical Study of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide— And Substance P-Containing Nerve Fibers along the Cerebral Blood Vessels: Comparison with Aminergic and Cholinergic Nerve Fibers

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Itakura ◽  
Takashi Okuno ◽  
Kazuo Nakakita ◽  
Ichiro Kamei ◽  
Yutaka Naka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Muscle Control ◽  
Cerebral Blood Vessels ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cholinergic Nerve Fibers ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)– and substance P–containing nerve fibers were observed in the cerebral blood vessels using an immunohistochemical technique. VIP-containing nerve fibers distributed in a spiral pattern, similar to that of muscle cells. Under electron microscopic observation, VIP-immunoreactive terminals lay close to a muscle cell in the inner layer of the adventitia. In contrast, substance P–containing nerve fibers showed a meshwork pattern in the outer layer of the adventitia. Using both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining and VIP immunohistochemistry, AChE-positive and VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers revealed almost the same distribution in the same specimen. The present data suggest that VIP-containing nerve fibers may play a role in the smooth muscle control of the blood vessels, whereas substance P–containing nerve fibers may not take part in muscle control.

Regulation of rCBF by intracortical vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing neurons

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Itakura ◽  
Hideyoshi Yokote ◽  
Takashi Okuno ◽  
Yutaka Naka ◽  
Kazuo Nakakita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intimate Association ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Hydrogen Clearance ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

✓ The role of intracortical vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-containing neurons in the regulation of cortical blood flow was investigated in rats by immunohistochemical and hydrogen clearance methods. Immunohistochemical studies revealed an intimate association between intracortical VIP-containing neurons and small blood vessels. Intracortical injection of a VIP solution (10−5 M) produced significantly higher blood flow in the treated cortex (mean ± standard error of the mean: 46.2 ± 4.0 ml/100 gm/min) than in the untreated cortex (36.9 ± 2.4 ml/100 gm/min). These data suggest that intracortical VIP-containing neurons produce dilatation of intracortical blood vessels.

Effects of Substance P and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide on Gastrointestinal Blood Flow in the Atlantic Cod Gadus Morhua

1991 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 361-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÖRGEN JENSEN ◽  
MICHAEL AXELSSON ◽  
SUSANNE HOLMGREN
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Coeliac Artery ◽  
Gastrointestinal Blood Flow ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

The cardiovascular effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and substance P (SP) in vivo were studied in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. Special interest was focused on the distribution of blood to the gastrointestinal circulation. VIP increased the blood flow to the gut by increasing cardiac output and by decreasing resistance in the vascular bed supplied by the coeliac artery. In addition, VIP had an inhibitory effect on spontaneous stomach motility. SP induced a triphasic response in the coeliac artery blood flow. An initial increase was followed by a rapid decrease, to the control level or below, and a second increase in flow. The triphasic response was not changed after vagotomy, while atropine blocked the second phase, the decrease, indicating that a local cholinergic mechanism is involved. The significance of this temporary decrease in flow remains to be elucidated. SP also caused an increase in cardiac output and in mesenteric artery blood flow. In addition to the increase in cardiac output, the increase in gastrointestinal blood flow produced by SP is accomplished by a decreased resistance in the coeliac and mesenteric vascular beds.

Adrenergic, Cholinergic and Peptidergic Nerve Fibres in Dura Mater Involvement in Headache?

Cephalalgia ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Edvinsson ◽  
Rolf Uddman
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Obvious Relation ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Nerve fibres containing noradrenaline, acetylcholinesterase, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and substance P were demonstrated in the dura mater of guinea-pigs using histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. These fibres accompanied blood vessels of all size, indicating a vasomotor role. In addition, some nerve fibres were observed without any obvious relation to the blood vessels. The rich supply of nerve fibres to the various parts of the dura mater may possibly be of importance in the pathogenesis of some types of headache.

Innervation of the Feline Eustachian Tube

1979 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Uddman ◽  
J. Alumets ◽  
M. Ekelund ◽  
I. Lorén ◽  
O. Densert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Peptidergic Nerves ◽  
Subepithelial Layer ◽  
Seromucous Glands ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

The distribution of adrenergic, cholinergic and peptidergic nerves in the feline eustachian tube was studied using histochemical techniques. Adrenergic, acetylcholinesterase-positive and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactive nerves were numerous in the tubal wall. All three types of nerve fibers occurred in the subepithelial layer, around small blood vessels and around the acini of seromucous glands. No nerves displaying substance P or enkephalin immunoreactivity were observed.

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